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  • Articles  (24)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (24)
  • gene expression
  • Springer  (24)
  • 1990-1994  (24)
  • Chemistry and Pharmacology  (24)
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  • Articles  (24)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (24)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of calcium-binding protein regucalcin mRNA in rat liver is stimulated by calcitonin: The hormonal effect is mediated through calcium (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 136 (1994), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: regucalcin ; calcium-binding protein ; gene expression ; rat liver
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The involvement of a hypocalcemic hormone calcitonin (CT) in the expression of hepatic Ca2+-binding protein regucalcin mRNA was investigated. The change of regucalcin mRNA levels was analyzed by Northern blotting using liver regucalcin complementary DNA (0.9 kb). A single oral administration of calcium chloride (100 mg Ca/100 g body weight) to rats induced a remarkable increase in the serum calcium concentration and a corresponding elevation of the liver calcium content during 120 min after the administration. Thyroparathyroidectomy (TPTX) did not cause a significant increase in the liver calcium content after calcium administration. Hepatic regucalcin mRNA level was markedly elevated by calcium administration; the level was about 180% of controls at 60 min after the administration. This increase was completely abolished by TPTX. A single subcutaneous administration of CT (synthetic eel CT; 25–100 MRC mU/100 g) to TPTX rats received oral administration of calcium (100 mg/100 g) produced a remarkable increase in hepatic regucalcin mRNA levels; the level was about 280% of controls with the dose of 25 MRC mU CT/100 g. The present finding suggests that the expression of hepatic mRNA is stimulated by CT, and that the hormonal effect is mediated through Ca2+ in rat liver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00931603
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of hepatic calcium-binding protein regucalcin mRNA is decreased by phenobarbital administration in rats (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 141 (1994), S. 15-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: regucalcin ; calcium-binding protein ; gene expression ; phenobarbital ; rat liver
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of phenobarbital on the expression of calcium-binding protein regucalcin mRNA in rat liver was investigated. The change of regucalcin mRNA levels was analyzed by Northern blotting using liver regucalcin cDNA (0.9 kb of open reading frame). Phenobarbital (4, 8 and 12 mg/ 100 g body weight) was intraperitoneally administered to rats 3 times with 24 h intervals, and the animals were sacrificed by bleeding at 24 h after the last administration. The hepatic regucalcin mRNA levels were markedly reduced by phenobarbital administration. This decrease was about 50% of control level with the 12 mg/100 g dose. Moreover, the hepatic regucalcin concentration was significantly decreased by the administration of phenobarbital (12 mg/100 g), although the serum regucalcin concentration was not altered appreciably. Meanwhile, serum transaminases (GOT and GPT) activities were not increased by the administration of phenobarbital (4 and 12 mg/100 g). The present study demonstrates that the expression of hepatic regucalcin mRNA is decreased by phenobarbital administration in rats, suggesting that regucalcin does not have a role in drug metabolism related to phenobarbital.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00935586
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of mRNA transcripts and DNA synthesis in the rat heart following intravenous injection of transforming growth factor beta1 (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 141 (1994), S. 145-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: pressure overload ; myocardium ; gene expression ; fibroblast ; extracellular matrix ; ventricular hypertrophy ; growth factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Transforming Growth Factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) is expressed in the heart by muscle and non-muscle cardiac cells.In vitro, cardiac myocytes and non-muscle cells including cardiac fibroblasts and endothelial cells respond to regulatory effects of TGF-β1. Expression of TGF-β1 in the heart is subject to regulation by hemodynamic stimuli. Increased expression of mRNA transcripts for TGF-β1 has been reported in several models of cardiac hypertrophy. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of TGF-β1 in the myocardium. TGF-β1 was injected intravenously. Expression of mRNA transcripts for functional and structural proteins was determined by Northern hybridization analysis. DNA synthesis was determined by measurement of3H-thymidine incorporation into ventricular DNA. The results showed differential regulation of mRNAs for myocyte- and non-myocyte-specific proteins in the heart of TGF-β1 treated rats. Moderate but statistically significant decrease in DNA synthesis was observed in the heart of TGF-β1 treated rats (37.5%, P〈0.025). Together, these data point to a physiological role for TGF-β1 in the heart. They further suggest that similar to its diversein vitro cell-specific regulatory effects, TGF-β1 may have multicellular targets in the heart. Effect of TGF-β1 alone or combined with those of other cytokines/hormones that come into play, as the result of its administration, may be responsible for altered gene expression and DNA synthesis in the myocardium. We propose that in experimental models of myocardial hypertrophy which are associated with increased expression of TGF-β1 in the heart, the contribution of regulatory effects of this growth factor to the manifestations of ventricular hypertrophy could be significant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00926178
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium and calcium-binding proteins in the nucleus (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 135 (1994), S. 79-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: calcium ; nucleus ; calpain ; calmodulin ; cell division ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Calcium has long been known to play a role as a key cytoplasmic second messenger, but until relatively recently its possible involvement in nuclear signal transduction and the regulation of nuclear events has not been extensively studied. Evidence revealing the presence of transmembrane nuclear Ca2+ gradients and a variety of intranuclear Ca2+ binding proteins has fueled renewed interest in this key ion and its involvement in cell-cycle timing and division, gene expression, and protein activation. This review will offer an overview of the current state of knowledge and theory regarding calcium orchestration of nuclear functions and events and discuss possible future directions in this field of study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00925963
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transcriptional regulation and autoregulation of the human gene for ADP-ribosyltransferase (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 138 (1994), S. 99-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: poly(ADP-ribosyl) transferase (human) ; autoregulation ; gene expression ; promoter structure ; cruciform structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Human nuclear poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase (ADPRT) modifies proteins with branched ADP-ribose-polymers. Various proteins, including ADPRT itself, serve as acceptors for polyADP-ribose. Target proteins include those controlling basic cellular processes such as DNA repair, differentiation and proliferation. Because of the outstanding features of this enzyme: automodification, several functional domains and central role in physiology of the cell, the molecular biology of ADPRT gained wide interest. The promoter structure contains several CCAAT/TATA boxes and SP1 sites. However, there is no CCAAT/TATA box in the neighbourhood of an SP1 site and, thus no obvious site for initiation of transcription. Within this region there are several noteworthy inverted repeats, which by internal basepairing could form two types of cruciform structures. Deletion analysis revealed that these cruciform structures have functional significance. Removal of one type increases the promoter activity, whereas removal of the other diminishes the promoter function. Overexpression of ADPRT from heterologous promoters (MMTV, SV40) leads to repression of the activity of the ADPRT promoter. Indeed, ADPRT was shown to bind specifically to one type of cruciform structure. This specific interaction indicates autorepression of the ADPRT gene: the enzyme ADPRT acts directly as a negative modulator of the activity of its own promoter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00928449
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of the mitochondrial creatine kinase genes (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 133-134 (1994), S. 235-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: creatine kinase ; mitochondria ; metabolism ; creatine phosphate shuttle ; gene expression ; muscle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mitochondrial Creatine Kinase (MtCK) is responsible for the transfer of high energy phosphate from mitochondria to the cytosolic carrier, creatine, and exists in mammals as two isoenzymes encoded by separate genes. In rats and humans, sarcomere-specific MtCK (sMtCK) is expressed only in skeletal and heart muscle, and has 87% nucleotide identity across the 1257 bp coding region. The ubiquitous isoenzyme of MtCK (uMtCK) is expressed in many tissues with highest levels in brain, gut, and kidney, and has 92% nucleotide identity between the 1254 bp coding regions of rat and human. Both genes are highly regulated developmentally in a tissue-specific manner. There is virtually no expression of sMtCK mRNA prior to birth. Unlike cytosolic muscle CK (MCK) and brain CK (BCK), there is no developmental isoenzyme switch between the MtCKs. Cell culture models representing the tissue-specific expression of either sMtCK or uMtCK are available, but there are no adequate developmental models to examine their regulation. Several animal models are available to examine the coordinate regulation of the CK gene family and include 1) Cardiac Stress by coarctation (sMtCK, BCK, and MCK), 2) Uterus and placenta during pregnancy (uMtCK and BCK), and 3) Diabetes and mitochondrial myopathy (sMtCK, BCK, and MCK). We report the details of these findings, and discuss the coordinate regulation of the genes necessary for high-energy transduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01267957
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear Ca2+: physiological regulation and role in apoptosis (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 135 (1994), S. 89-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: calcium ; cell death ; nuclei ; apoptosis ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The last decade has seen the rapid development of research investigating the molecular mechanisms whereby hormones, peptide growth factors and cytokines regulate cell metabolism, differentiation and proliferation. One general signalling mechanism used to transfer the information delivered by agonists into appropriate intracellular compartments involves the rapid Ca2+ redistribution throughout the cell, which results in transient elevations of the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration. Ca2+ signals are required for a number of cellular processes including the activation of nuclear processes such as gene transcription and cell cycle events. The latter require that appropriate Ca2+ signals elicited in response to agonists be transduced across the nuclear envelope. It has generally been assumed that small molecules, metabolites and ions could freely diffuse across the nuclear envelope. Nevertheless several findings during the past few years have suggested that nuclear pore permeability can be regulated and that ion transport systems and ion-selective channels may exist on the nuclear membranes and regulate intranuclear processes. Intranuclear Ca2+ fluctuations can affect chromatin organization, induce gene expression and also activate cleavage of nuclear DNA by nucleases during programmed cell death or apoptosis. The possible mechanisms involved in nuclear Ca2+ transport and the control of nuclear Ca2+-dependent enzymes in apoptosis is discussed below.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00925964
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbohydrate binding activities ofBradyrhizobium japonicum: IV. Effect of lactose and flavones on the expression of the lectin, BJ38 (1994)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 11 (1994), S. 363-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: lectin ; gene expression ; cell-cell adhesion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract BJ38 is a galactose/lactose-specific lectin (M r ∼ 38000) found at one pole ofBradyrhizobium japonicum. It has been implicated in mediating the adhesion of the bacteria to soybean roots, leading to the establishment of a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis. When the ligand lactose is added to cultures of the bacteria for at least 1 h prior to harvesting the cells for BJ38 isolation, the yield of the protein was found to be elevated in a dose-dependent fashion. Half maximal stimulation was observed at ∼ 50 µm; the effect was saturated at ∼ 1mm, where a 10-fold higher yield of BJ38 was obtained. Saccharides with a lower affinity for BJ38 than lactose yielded a correspondingly smaller induction effect when compared at a concentration of 1mm. The higher level of BJ38 induced by lactose is also manifested by an elevated amount of BJ38 detectable at the cell surface and by a higher number ofB. japonicum cells adsorbed onto soybean cells. Surprisingly, the induction of BJ38 expression seen with lactose was also observed with certain, but not all, flavonoids that induce thenod genes of the bacteria; genistein mimicked the induction observed with lactose, whereas luteolin failed to stimulate BJ38 production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00731210
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitochondrial DNA diseases: Histological and cellular studies (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes 26 (1994), S. 301-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6881
    Keywords: Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy ; mitochondrial DNA ; gene expression ; protein translation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Large-scale deletions and tRNA point mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are associated with a variety of different mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. Skeletal muscle in these patients shows a typical pathology, characterized by the focal accumulation of large numbers of morphologically and biochemically abnormal mitochondria (ragged-red fibers). Both mtDNA deletions and tRNA point mutations impair mitochondrial translation and produce deficiencies in oxidative phosphorylation. However, mutant and wild-type mtDNAs co-exist (mtDNA heteroplasmy) and the translation defect is not expressed until the ratio of mutant: wild-type mtDNAs exceeds a specific threshold. Below the threshold the phenotype can be rescued by intramitochondrial genetic complementation. The mosaic expression of the skeletal muscle pathology is thus determined by both the cellular and organellar distribution of mtDNA mutants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00763101
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The glucocorticoid receptor precludes the binding of a transcriptional repressor protein to the long terminal repeat of the mouse mammary tumor virus (1993)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 122 (1993), S. 25-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: glucocorticoid receptor ; MMTV ; transcription factors ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The long terminal repeat (LTR) of the mouse mammary tumor virus was used as a template to examine the dual binding parameters of the glucocorticoid-receptor (GR) and a repressor protein termed Inhibitory Factor 1 (IF1). The roceptor binds specifically to the glucocorticoid response element and precludes the binding of IF1 to its juxtaposed binding site within the LTR. When the two DNA targets are separated by the insertion of an additional 52 base pairs, coincident binding of both proteins is observed. Gel retention assays reveal three distinct nucleoprotein complexes. The first complex consists of the receptor and the LTR, the second is comprised of IF1 and DNA and the third is a multiprotein-DNA complex consisting of the GR, IF1 and DNA, migrating at a higher molecular weight position. The inhibition of IF1 binding by the presence of prebound GR leads to the repression of transcription of juxtaposed genes. The GR may act to block access of a sequence, used by the cell to titrate repressor proteins and facilitate the onset of gene expression. (Mol Cell Biochem122: 25–37, 1993)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00925734
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of pregnancy-specific β1-glycoprotein genes in hematopoietic cells (1993)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 122 (1993), S. 147-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: PSG transcripts ; gene expression ; PCR ; T lymphocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The presence of PSG in blood cells has been demonstrated by immunohistochemical staining. However, the origin of these proteins is not known. This report examines the expression of the PSG genes in different types of freshly isolated blood cells. RNA isolated from bone marrow and peripheral blood cells of healthy individuals was analyzed for PSG transcripts by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using synthetic oligonucleotide primers specific for the PSG genes. The level of expression of the PSG genes in different types of cells exhibited significant individual variation. Trace amounts of PSG transcripts could be detected in polymorphonuclear cells (PMN), monocytes and B lymphocytes while T lymphocytes always contained the highest level of transcript. The expression of PSG genes in the blood cells apparently was not affected by the method of isolation nor by overnight culturing of these cells except in the case when lymphocytes were separated by rosetting with sheep red blood cells. All reported PSG transcripts were detected in blood cells. Both type I and type II transcripts of the PSG genes were detected in blood cells with the exception of type II transcript of PSG5 and PSG11 which were only found in the placenta. Tissue specificity in the expression or alternative splicing of some of the PSG family members was implicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01076099
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different expression of calpain in skeletal muscle of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) lines selected for body weight (1993)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 31 (1993), S. 485-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: muscle protein degradation ; calpain ; gene expression ; genetic variation ; Japanese quail
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Calpain activity was determined by western blot analysis of steady-state concentrations ofm-calpain (calpain requiring millimolar Ca2 for activation) and also by northern blot analysis of steady-state concentrations of mRNA encodingm-calpain in three lines of quail: a random-bred control line (RR) and two lines selected for body weight, one for increased body weight (LL) and another for decreased body weight (SS). Them-calpain activities in skeletal muscle were higher in the SS line and lower in the LL line. From western blot analysis, enzyme levels of calpain were almost the same for all three lines. At the level of gene expression, the mRNA concentration encodingm-calpain was higher in the LL and lower in the SS line. These results suggest that the regulation of calpain activity in skeletal muscle is a three-step process, regulation at the transcription level, regulation at the enzyme level, and regulation of the activation of calpain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00554075
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different expression of calpain in skeletal muscle of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) lines selected for body weight (1993)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 31 (1993), S. 485-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: muscle protein degradation ; calpain ; gene expression ; genetic variation ; Japanese quail
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Calpain activity was determined by western blot analysis of steady-state concentrations ofm-calpain (calpain requiring millimolar Ca2 for activation) and also by northern blot analysis of steady-state concentrations of mRNA encodingm-calpain in three lines of quail: a random-bred control line (RR) and two lines selected for body weight, one for increased body weight (LL) and another for decreased body weight (SS). Them-calpain activities in skeletal muscle were higher in the SS line and lower in the LL line. From western blot analysis, enzyme levels of calpain were almost the same for all three lines. At the level of gene expression, the mRNA concentration encodingm-calpain was higher in the LL and lower in the SS line. These results suggest that the regulation of calpain activity in skeletal muscle is a three-step process, regulation at the transcription level, regulation at the enzyme level, and regulation of the activation of calpain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02426880
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of the energy-transducing NADH-quinone oxidoreductase ofParacoccus denitrificans as revealed by biochemical, biophysical, and molecular biological approaches (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes 25 (1993), S. 339-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6881
    Keywords: NADH-quinone oxidoreductase ; Paracoccus denitrificans ; gene cluster ; H+ pump ; gene expression ; FMN ; iron-sulfur cluster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A comparison of the mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase and the energy-transducing NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (NDH-1) ofParacoccus denitrificans revealed that both systems have similar electron-transfer and energy-transduction pathways. In addition, both complexes are sensitive to the same inhibitors and contain similar electron carriers, suggesting that theParacoccus NDH-1 may serve as a useful model system for the study of the human enzyme complex. The gene cluster encoding theParacoccus NDH-1 has been cloned and sequenced. It is composed of 18,106 base pairs and contains 14 structural genes and six unidentified reading frames (URFs). The structural genes, URFs, and their polypeptides have been characterized. We also discuss nucleotide sequences which are believed to play a role in the regulation of the NDH-1 gene cluster andParacoccus NDH-1 subunits which may contain the binding sites of substrates and/or electron carriers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00762459
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence and expression of a cDNA encoding an intracellular protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTPase-2, from mouse testis and T-cells (1992)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 118 (1992), S. 91-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: mouse ; protein tyrosine phosphatase ; cDNA cloning ; nucleotide sequence ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The PTP-2 cDNA encoding an intracellular protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase-2) was isolated and sequenced from mouse testis and T-cell cDNA libraries. This PTP-2 cDNA was found to be homologous to human PTP-TC and rat PTP-S, and contained 1,551 nucleotides, including 1,146 nucleotides encoding 382 amino acids as well as 5′ (61 nucleotides) and 3′ (344 nucleotides) non-coding regions. Northern blot analysis indicated that PTP-2 mRNA of 1.9 Kb was most abundant in testis and kidney, although it was also present in spleen, muscle, liver, heart and brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00249698
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlations between a nuclear and a mitochondrial mRNA of cytochrome c oxidase subunits, enzymatic activity and total mRNA content, in rat tissues (1991)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 107 (1991), S. 21-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: mitochondrial biogenesis ; cytochrome c oxidase ; mRNA quantitation ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cytochrome c oxidase (COX), like other multi-subunit components of the respiratory chain, is controlled by both the nuclear and the mitochondrial genome. In order to find wether there is a close relationship between mRNAs encoded by the nucleus and by the mitochondrion, and between these mRNAs and enzyme activity, we compared six rat tissues (ventricle, liver, m. soleus, m. plantaris, and the white and red portions of m. gastrocnemius). We found a tenfold range for COX activity, a tenfold range for the contents of mRNA III (mitochondrial) and mRNA VIc (nuclear), a threefold range for total [poly(A)+] mRNA content and a sevenfold range for total RNA content in these tissues. The ratio of mRNA III to mRNA VIc was equal in each tissue, indicating the presence of a mechanism that coordinates the two genomes. There was a good correlation between mRNA content and COX activity (r = 0.78 for VIc, r = 0.77 for 111; p 〈 0.0001), demonstrating that the expression of this enzyme is mainly under pretranslational control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02424572
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
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    Comparative study of the expression of Rb and p53 genes in human colorectal cancers, colon carcinoma cell lines and synchronized human fibroblasts (1991)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 107 (1991), S. 55-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: Rb and p53 genes ; gene expression ; colorectal cancers ; colon carcinoma cell lines ; cell cycle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have compared the expression of the retinoblastoma (Rb) and p53 genes in normal human fibroblasts, colon carcinoma cell lines, matched pairs of colorectal tumor tissues and adjacent normal mucosa and in synchronized human diploid fibroblast cell line W138. The increased expression of Rb and p53 RNA was observed in a majority of colorectal cancers in comparison to adjacent normal mucosa and is accompanied by proportional increase in the expression of histone H3 gene. The Rb and p53 RNA levels varied significantly between the various colon carcinoma cell lines. However, we found that the expression of Rb and p53 RNA is regulated differently in cell cycle synchronized normal human fibroblasts. The Rb mRNA level did not change with the position in the cell cycle and did not differ significantly whether the cells were serum deprived or in 10% serum. But p53 mRNA expression follows the same pattern as histone H3 mRNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02424576
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of dexamethasone and cycloheximide on the expression of amplified EGF-receptor gene in human A431 carcinoma cell line (1991)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 103 (1991), S. 149-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: EGF-receptor gene ; gene expression ; cycloheximide ; dexamethasone and A431 carcinoma cell line
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Human A431 carcinoma cell line is known to have 30 fold amplified epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) gene. We have studied the effect of steroid hormone dexamethasone (DEX) and protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX) on the expression of EGF-R gene in this cell line. DEX treatment and protein synthesis inhibition by CHX treatment cause a rapid 3 to 4 fold increase in the level of EGF-R mRNA and combined treatment of the above two agents have less than additive effect. It appears that mRNA for EGF-R accumulate within the cell during protein synthesis inhibition and upon removal of CHX, gets translated into EGF-R specific protein as judged by immuno-dot assay. We did not observe the phenomenon of ‘super induction’ nor much of an additive effect under condition of combined DEX and CHX treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227481
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adrenergic hormones and control of cardiac myocyte growth (1991)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 104 (1991), S. 35-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: α1-adrenergic receptors ; β-adrenergic receptors ; cardiac muscle ; cell culture ; gene expression ; protein kinase C
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The molecular mechanisms of cardiac myocyte growth are relevant to important problems in cardiovascular disease. A cell culture model has been developed to explore the role of adrenergic hormones in cardiac myocyte growth and gene expression. Activation of a cardiac myocyte α1-adrenergic receptor by catecholamines induces hypertrophic growth of neonatal rat cardiac myocytes and initiates selective increases in contractile protein gene transcription. These effects on growth and gene expression do not depend on contractile activity. The cardiac myocytes contain at least two subtypes of α1-adrenergic receptors and at least three isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC). A distinct α1 receptor subtype may mediate hypertrophy and gene transcription. Different isoforms of PKC are translocated to different intracellular sites on activation, and there is evidence that the β-PKC isoform may be an element in the signal transduction pathway from an α1 receptor at the surface to the cardiac myocyte nucleus. Growth regulation through a β-adrenergic receptor can also be demonstrated in the culture model. The growth response mediated through a β-adrenergic receptor differs in several respects from that transduced through an al adrenergic receptor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229801
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential expression of insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 in the diabetic rat (1991)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 103 (1991), S. 41-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: insulin-like growth factor-1 ; binding proteins ; diabetes ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Multiple factors contribute to the growth retardation which is a characteristic feature of uncontrolled diabetes. In this report we have examined the effects of streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetes on expression of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in various tissues. As early as 7 days after STZ administration there was a modest reduction in IGF-I mRNA abundance. The reduction (10–30%) was of similar magnitude in each of the 7 tissues examined; liver, kidney, lung, diaphragm, quadraceps, heart and adipose tissue. However, the reduction achieved statistical significance only in the lung (p 〈 0.05) and diaphragm (p 〈 0.01). A further reduction in IGF-I mRNA abundance was seen in many tissues, 32 and 91 days after STZ administration. In contrast to the decrease in IGF-I mRNA, IGFBP-1 mRNA was significantly increased in the liver and kidney of diabetic rats. IGFBP-1 mRNA was detectable at only very low levels in other tissues but was increased in diabetic rats compared non-diabetic rats. In diabetic rats, a highly significant correlation (R = 0.75, p 〈 0.001) between hepatic IGFBP-1 mRNA and glucose was observed whereas there was no significant correlation between serum glucose and hepatic IGF-I mRNA abundance (R = 0.24, p = NS). Treatment of diabetic rats with insulin resulted in a small, non significant increase in hepatic and renal IGF-I mRNA and a significant decrease in renal IGFBP-1 mRNA abundance. The observations reported here are consistent with the hypothesis that diminished IGF-I expression and inhibition of available IGF-1 by increased levels of IGFBP-1 may explain the impaired growth seen in diabetic animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229592
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of insertion of the maize transposable elementMutator is dependent on genetic background (1990)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 28 (1990), S. 9-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: mutator ; transposable element ; alcohol dehydrogenase ; maize ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A secondary mutant, derived from an allele of maize alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (Adh1) carrying a Mutator transposable element (Mu1) in its first intron, was reported to exhibit a threefold decrease in ADH enzymatic activity and steady-state RNA levels compared to the original mutant. The original mutant,Adh1-S3034 (abbreviatedS3034), was previously characterized at the molecular level. The derivative, abbreviatedS3034b, has now been cloned; at the DNA sequence level the insertion and surroundingAdh1 sequences are indistinguishable fromS3034. Furthermore, in our lines there is no difference in relative ADH activities between products of the two putative alleles. A comparison of gene expression in heterozygotes obtained by crossing to different tester lines reveals a correlation between the measured decrease in levels of ADH polypeptide produced by the mutant allele and the background in which it is measured; this effect is distinct from any background-related variation in the expression of the progenitor allele. It does not appear to be attributable to alternative patterns of DNA modification. It appears to reflect a background-associated difference in the level of normalAdh1-RNA produced. Thus the previously reported distinction betweenS3034 andS3034b may be due to differences in the extent to which the mutant allele and a given genetic background interact to produce functionalAdh1-RNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00554817
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The gene coding for glutamate dehydrogenase inDrosophila melanogaster (1990)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 28 (1990), S. 337-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: glutamate dehydrogenase ; Drosophila melanogaster ; gene expression ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We have isolated theDrosophila melanogaster locus coding forl-glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.3) by virtue of its similarity to the corresponding human gene. There is only one copy of this gene in the fruit fly genome, located on the right arm of chromosome 3 (95D1-4). The transcript includes at least one large intron and matures to a ∼2.4-kb-long polyadenylated RNA whose expression is under developmental control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00554064
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The gene coding for glutamate dehydrogenase inDrosophila melanogaster (1990)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 28 (1990), S. 337-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: glutamate dehydrogenase ; Drosophila melanogaster ; gene expression ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We have isolated theDrosophila melanogaster locus coding forl-glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.3) by virtue of its similarity to the corresponding human gene. There is only one copy of this gene in the fruit fly genome, located on the right arm of chromosome 3 (95D1-4). The transcript includes at least one large intron and matures to a ∼2.4-kb-long polyadenylated RNA whose expression is under developmental control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02401423
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in alpha-globin gene expression in mice of two alpha-globin haplotypes during development (1990)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 28 (1990), S. 445-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: mouse ; hemoglobin ; embryonic ; adult ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Adult alpha-globin in mice is synthesized in large amounts during development, first in the primitive, nucleated erythrocytes of yolk sac origin and later in the definitive, nonnucleated erythrocytes that differentiate in the fetal liver, spleen, and bone marrow. Isoelectric focusing analysis of hemoglobins of mice with theHba g2 andHba c haplotypes shows that the ratios of alpha chain 1 to chain 5m and alpha chain 1 to chain 4 in adult hemoglobins fromHba g2 andHba c mice, respectively, change between day 11.5 and day 16.5 of gestation in nucleated red cells, while no change occurs in nonnucleated red cells. The percentage ratios of the two different alpha-globin chains are different inHba g2 andHba c mice for EII, EIII, and adult hemoglobin. In nucleated red cells of yolk sac origin, differences and changes in alpha-globin ratios are a composite of changing globin gene transcription and posttranslational competitive affinities among globins to form embryonic and adult hemoglobin tetramers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00554373
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