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  • Articles  (5)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (5)
  • runoff  (5)
  • Springer  (5)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
  • 1990-1994  (5)
  • 1965-1969
  • Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying  (5)
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  • Articles  (5)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (5)
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  • Springer  (5)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A stochastic integral equation analog of rainfall-runoff processes for evaluating modeling uncertainty (1994)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 8 (1994), S. 259-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Rainfall ; runoff ; modeling ; uncertainty ; stochastics ; stochastic integral equations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract In this paper a very general rainfall-runoff model structure (described below) is shown to reduce to a unit hydrograph model structure. For the general model, a multi-linear unit hydrograph approach is used to develop subarea runoff, and is coupled to a multi-linear channel flow routing method to develop a link-node rainfall-runoff model network. The spatial and temporal rainfall distribution over the catchment is probabilistically related to a known rainfall data source located in the catchment in order to account for the stochastic nature of rainfall with respect to the rain gauge measured data. The resulting link node model structure is a series of stochastic integral equations, one equation for each subarea. A cumulative stochastic integral equation is developed as a sum of the above series, and includes the complete spatial and temporal variabilities of the rainfall over the catchment. The resulting stochastic integral equation is seen to be an extension of the well-known single area unit hydrograph method, except that the model output of a runoff hydrograph is a distribution of outcomes (or realizations) when applied to problems involving prediction of storm runoff; that is, the model output is a set of probable runoff hydrographs, each outcome being the results of calibration to a known storm event.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01588756
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Darcian flood generation modelling (1994)
    Springer
    Water resources management 8 (1994), S. 313-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1650
    Keywords: Darcian flow ; modelling ; porous media ; runoff ; flood generation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Abstract This paper discusses experience of the use of Darcy's law for porous media flow in the context of practical modelling of flood generation. Specific drawbacks to the straightforward use of single porosity Darcian formulations for flood generation are discussed with reference to modelled examples. A quick flow component is frequently found to be needed to supplement modelled porous medium flow to match flashy stream hydrographs and observed rates of change of flow. This can in cases be justified in the field with reference to underdrainage, surface flow, natural piping and the occurrence of macropores. Rough limits are given for pure Darcian hydrograph rises under specified conditions: a range of simple methods is suggested for modelling the addition of a fast flow component where it is appropriate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00872404
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrology research priorities for Dryland Agriculture in India (1993)
    Springer
    Water resources management 7 (1993), S. 93-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1650
    Keywords: Hydrology research ; India ; dryland agriculture ; runoff
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Abstract A conceptual approach was described and used to identify priorities for the cooperating centres of the All India Coordinated Research Project for Dryland Agriculture (AICRPDA). The approach was based on AICRPDA centre information, soil available water, runoff estimates, and rainfall at each centre. Lines of equal runoff were derived from the runoff-rainfall curves of the major dryland soils. Two scenarios were described, one where vertisols are cropped during the rainy season and the second where they are left under fallowed conditions during the rainy season. Three water management zones were identified for each scenario: less than 100 mm of runoff, 100 to 260 mm of runoff and greater than 260 mm of runoff. Depending on the scenario, each AICRPDA centre was incorporated into one of the three water management zones. Research orientation and priorites were set for each zone. Research efforts in the low rainfall zone can be based on small areas and in-situ water conservation. In the medium runoff zone, research can be based on areas ranging in size from 10 to 100 ha and water harvesting techniques. For the high runoff zone, greater efforts have to be put on runoff and erosion control and also on drainage response alleviating the problems created by waterlogging over large areas of 100 to 10 000 ha. Secondary priorities were also identified for each zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00872476
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observed advantage for negative binomial over Poisson distribution in partial duration series (1991)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 5 (1991), S. 135-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Hydrology ; runoff ; partial duration series ; negative binomial distribution ; Poisson distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The goodness of fit of the negative binomial and the Poisson distributions to partial duration series of runoff events is tested. The data have been recorded by eight hydrometric stations located on ephemeral rivers in Isreal. For each station, a number of threshold discharges are considered, by that series of nested subsamples are formed. Owing to size limitations, a Chi-square test is conducted on samples associated with low to moderate threshold discharges. Positive results, at a 5% significance level, are obtained in 30 out of the 53 tests of the Poisson distribution, and in 22 out of the 28 tests of the negative binomial distribution. The fit of the Poisson distribution to samples of conventionally recommended sizes (of 2 to 3 events per year) is found positive for five rivers and negative for the three other rivers The fit of the negative binomial distribution to these samples is found positive for six rivers, inconclusive for one river and short of data for the eighth river. Mixed results are obtained as the threshold level is raised. Therefore, no direct extrapolation is possible to samples associated with high thresholds. An indirect extrapolation is drawn through a comparison of the actual properties of the samples with those expected under a perfect fit of the distribution functions. Ranges of such properties are defined with respect to the properties of the tested samples and to the test results. The actual properties of nine of the eleven samples associated with high thresholds (i.e. mean number of events 〈-0.1year −1) are found within these ranges. This provides a hint for a probable good fit of either distribution, and particularly the negative binomial, to the occurrence frequency of high events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543055
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Empirical orthogonal function analysis of rainfall and runoff series (1991)
    Springer
    Water resources management 4 (1991), S. 235-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1650
    Keywords: Spatial data analysis ; stochastic hydrology ; empirical orthogonal functions ; rainfall ; runoff
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Abstract Empirical orthogonal functions (EOF) have been used to characterize spatial variability of daily and monthly rainfall and runoff in Indiana. Data from a few of the surrounding states have also been used in the analysis. After a brief discussion of the theory underlying EOF analysis, results of data analysis are presented. These results indicate that the data can be efficiently compressed and that hydrologically and meteorologically homogeneous areas can be objectively delineated by using EOF analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00430339
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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