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  • Articles  (8)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (8)
  • Random graphs
  • asymptotic optimality
  • heuristic
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  • Articles  (8)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (8)
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  • Springer  (8)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    OR spectrum 17 (1995), S. 205-210 
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Keywords: Optimization ; local search ; heuristic ; threshold accepting ; quadratic assignment problem ; Optimierung ; lokale Suchverfahren ; Heuristik ; Threshold Accepting ; Quadratisches Zuordnungsproblem
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird eine Modifizierung der Threshold Accepting Heuristik von Dueck und Scheuer vorgeschlagen. Anstelle diskreter Schwellenwerte wird eine Schwellenwertfunktion verwendet, die vom Abkühlungsplan beim Simulated Annealing inspiriert ist. Desweiteren ist die Iterationszahl auf jeder Ebene des Verfahrens nunmehr eine Funktion des aktuellen sowie des Ausgangsschwellenwertes. Anhand dieses Vorgehensschemas untersuchen wir den Trade-off von Lösungsqualität und Konvergenzgeschwindigkeit bei verschiedenen Standardbeispielen des bekannten Quadratischen Zuordnungsproblems. Auch die Qualität und Zuverlässigkeit einer Multistart-Version kurzer TA-Läufe wird mit den Ergebnissen ausführlicher Läufe bei gleichen CPU-Zeiten verglichen, um Rückschlüsse auf die sinnvollere Optimierungsstrategie zu erhalten. In der Literatur verwenden unterschiedliche Autoren häufig sehr verschiedene Anzahlen zufälliger Startlösungen in ihren numerischen Experimenten. Wir untersuchen daher auch, wie sich eine Variation dieser Anzahl auf die TA-Ergebnisse auswirkt.
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we propose a modification of the threshold accepting heuristic by Dueck and Scheuer. Instead of using discrete threshold values a threshold function similar to the cooling schedule of simulated annealing is used. Furthermore, the number of iterations during each step of the heuristic is a function of the current and the initial threshold value. Using this scheme, we investigate the trade-off between solution quality and convergence speed on different instances of the well known quadratic assignment problem. In a second set of experiments the results of a multistart-version of TA are compared with the results of unique long runs at identical CPU-requirements to identify the better optimization strategy. Since, generally, in the literature the number of starting solutions for QAP-heuristics appears to be chosen on a rather arbitrary basis, we also highlight how varying this number influences the TA-results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 1 (1984), S. 171-182 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Random graphs ; graph coloring ; tails of the binomial and the hypergeometric distributions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract One of the lessons Paul Erdös taught us is that probabilistic counting arguments often yield surprisingly strong existence results in combinatorics. This paper illustrates the paradigm on four examples drawn from Erdös's own work. The examples concern the chromatic number of a graph.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 1 (1984), S. 273-289 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Average complexity ; satisfiability ; pure literal ; heuristic ; Davis-Putnam procedure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract An algorithm for the SATISFIABILITY problem is presented and a probabilistic analysis is performed. The analysis is based on an instance distribution which is parametrized to simulate a variety of sample characteristics. The algorithm either correctly determines whether a given instance of SATISFIABILITY has a solution or gives up. It is shown that the algorithm runs in polynomial time and gives up with probability approaching zero as input size approaches infinity for a range of parameter values. This result is an improvement over the results in [3] and [4].
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 1 (1984), S. 23-42 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Hierarchical planning problem ; stochastic programming ; heuristic ; performance measure ; probabilistic analysis ; asymptotic optimality ; machine scheduling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract As we have argued in previous papers, multi-level decision problems can often be modeled as multi-stage stochastic programs, and hierarchical planning systems designed for their solution, when viewed as stochastic programming heuristics, can be subjected to analytical performance evaluation. The present paper gives a general formulation of such stochastic programs and provides a framework for the design and analysis of heuristics for their solution. The various ways to measure the performance of such heuristics are reviewed, and some relations between these measures are derived. Our concepts are illustrated on a simple two-level planning problem of a general nature and on a more complicated two-level scheduling problem.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 1 (1984), S. 239-254 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Random graphs ; expectation of greedy matchings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with the expected cardinality of greedy matchings in random graphs. Different versions of the greedy heuristic for the cardinality matching problem are considered. Experimental data and some theoretical results are reported.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 63 (1996), S. 415-436 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Genetic algorithm ; packing ; heuristic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper is concerned with a family of genetic algorithms for the pallet loading problem. Our algorithms differ from previous applications of genetic algorithms to two-dimensional packing problems in that our coding contains all the information needed to produce the packing it represents, rather than relying on a packing algorithm to decode each individual solution. We experiment with traditional one-dimensional string representations, and a two-dimensional matrix representation which preserves the notion of closeness between positions on the pallet. Two new crossover operators are introduced for the two-dimensional case. Our definition of solution space includes both feasible and infeasible solutions and we suggest a number of different fitness functions which penalise infeasibility in different ways and a repair operator which allows our populations to maintain feasibility. The results of experiments designed to test the effectiveness of these features are presented.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 1 (1984), S. 183-200 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Random graphs ; colouring ; probabilistic analysis of algorithms ; greedy heuristics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract We discuss some results concerned with the behaviour of colouring algorithms on large random graphs.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 1 (1984), S. 201-214 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Probabilistic analysis ; location problems ; heuristics ; NP-hard problems ; approximation algorithm ; asymptotic optimality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract We discuss in this paper several location problems for which it is an NP-hard problem to find an approximate solution. Given certain assumptions on the input distributions, we present polynomial algorithms that deliver a solution asymptotically close to the optimum with probability that is asymptotically one (the exact nature of this asymptotic convergence is described in the paper). In that sense the subproblems defined on the specified family of inputs are in fact easy.
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