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  • Articles  (4)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (4)
  • background characteristics  (2)
  • programmed achievement  (2)
  • Springer  (4)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • 1975-1979  (4)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1965-1969
  • 1935-1939
  • 1978  (4)
  • Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science  (4)
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  • Articles  (4)
Source
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (4)
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (4)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 1975-1979  (4)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1965-1969
  • 1935-1939
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Topic
  • Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Programmed achievement using a within-class control (1978)
    Springer
    Research in higher education 8 (1978), S. 145-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-188X
    Keywords: programmed achievement ; mastery learning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract College students operated under different contingencies in the same classroom. The Programmed Achievement (PA) condition required students to evidence criterion performance (100% mastery) on 12 Chapter quizzes. Failure to evidence mastery performance on any of the quizzes resulted in the loss of a letter grade off the final course grade. The control condition involved a more traditional college classroom structure where students took chapter quizzes with no requirement to evidence mastery. A third group of low achievement students, identified at midterm, operated under control conditions the first half of the semester and were subsequently shifted to the PA contingency the second half of the semester. The results revealed only a slight superiority for PA students over controls and both PA and Control students demonstrated significantly better performance when compared to that of low achievement students prior to midterm. However, following the PA shift these subjects evidenced performance equivalent to that of the other two groups. Procedural and theoretical implications of these data were discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00992115
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PASS, an alternative method of teaching introductory psychology (1978)
    Springer
    Research in higher education 8 (1978), S. 273-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-188X
    Keywords: programmed achievement ; positive reinforcement ; bonus points
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract A new teaching method based on positively reinforcing attempts at mastery was introduced and empirically tested to determine its validity. The program, labeled Programmed Achievement Study System (PASS), makes use of traditional learning principles by providing rewards (bonus points) contingent upon reaching specified mastery criteria. Specifically, college students enrolled in introductory psychology were awarded additional points if they demonstrated mastery of concept areas on retake quizzes administered during a given week. PASS students, as compared to a control condition, demonstrated higher performance on a final examination given at the end of the semester. These results suggest that the PASS contingencies are preferable to those contingencies operating in more traditional classrooms. A theoretical rationale based on the principles of operant conditioning is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00992091
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer students in institutions of higher education (1978)
    Springer
    Research in higher education 8 (1978), S. 319-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-188X
    Keywords: transfer students ; higher education ; background characteristics ; college students
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The primary purpose of this study is to describe the extent of college transfers over two years since initial matriculation and to examine differences in background characteristics between transfers and nontransfers (i.e., persisters, withdrawals, and graduates). Data involved a national probability sample of the 1972 entering class. Major findings include the following: 25% of the 2-year college students transferred to a 4-year institution, and 16% of 4-year college students moved to another 4-year institution. This later group of students tended to hold higher socioeconomic status and college grades but lower ability test scores than persisters. Implications of the findings are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00976802
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Student characteristics and academic performance in higher education: A review (1978)
    Springer
    Research in higher education 8 (1978), S. 111-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-188X
    Keywords: background characteristics ; introvert ; study habits ; cluster analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract This is a review of the recent literature on student characteristics and their predictive potential for academic achievement. Results are not optimistic, often contradictory, and on the whole account for little variance beyond that accounted for by tests of intellectual ability. Researchers often use different performance criteria and so results are not comparable. However, there has been much complex, diverse, and unique work done on personality and motivational factors but no clear trends have emerged. Other factors investigated have been home and class background, study habits, previous withdrawal, and expectations. The review concludes by demonstrating the usefulness of the cluster analysis approach which indicates groups of students with similar patterns of characteristic criteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00992113
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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