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  • Articles  (1,775)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (1,775)
  • 2010-2014
  • 1980-1984  (782)
  • 1975-1979  (993)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1980  (782)
  • 1977  (993)
  • Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology  (1,775)
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  • Articles  (1,775)
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  • 2010-2014
  • 1980-1984  (782)
  • 1975-1979  (993)
  • 1950-1954
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The backscattering technique: its field of applicability in fibre diagnostics and attenuation measurements (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 17-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The evaluation of power decay along the fibre by means of the backscattering technique may be altered by the presence of unknown irregularities. In the present paper the effects of such imperfections are estimated; it is demonstrated that mainly local inhomogeneities and numerical aperture fluctuations influence backscattered power. Finally an efficient and simple method for the separation of the power decay contribution from the irregularity contribution is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625494
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scattering characteristics of a beam mode in a dielectric-slab optical waveguide. Part II (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 23-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The radiated power of scattered light caused by refractive-index inhomogeneities and waveguide wall irregularities in an asymmetric slab waveguide is investigated by using the stationary phase method on the basis of a first-order perturbation theory. The correlation between both imperfections of the refractive index and the waveguide wall is taken into consideration. It is found that the correlation between both imperfections hardly affects the radiated power caused by air radiation modes while it modifies the radiated power caused by substrate radiation modes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625495
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A microprocessor-controlled apparatus for the measurement of pulsed spectra (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 193-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A simple and relatively inexpensive microprocessor-controlled apparatus to measure pulsed spectra has been developed. The system enables the average for a given number of pulses to be taken at each data point. Spectra of a mercury lamp are presented as an example.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620036
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray production by a laser plasma in a strong electric field (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 231-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The X-ray emission of a laser plasma from metal targets in a 26 kV cm−1 electric field is investigated experimentally. A substructure of the X-ray pulse, corresponding to the laser pulse train period is found. The spectrum of the radiation in the range 2–25 keV is measured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620040
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A geometrical optics treatment of differential mode delay (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 253-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We consider the problem of expressing the index of the refraction profile of a graded-index fibre or planar waveguide in terms of the results of differential mode delay measurements. We develop a perturbative solution to this problem within the context of geometrical optics by assuming that only meridional rays contribute experimentally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620043
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of laser speckles under extra-axial aberrations (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 519-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619925
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comments on ‘modes in weakly guiding elliptical optical fibres’ (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 529-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619927
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design and comparison of single-mode planar and ridge type electro-optic waveguide modulators (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Electro-optic waveguide modulators utilizing phase retardation of two orthogonally polarized optical modes in LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 waveguides have been designed taking into consideration the optical field distribution in the waveguides and the electrical properties of the electrodes. The analysis has revealed that a driving-voltage to frequency-bandwidth ratio of 1 V/GHz is attainable at the wavelength of 1.05 μm using presently available embedded and ridge waveguides. Improvement in waveguide fabrication techniques may reduce the ratio by at least a half. Thus, LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 waveguide modulators are considered to be promising candidates for practical application to single-mode optical-fibre transmission systems of higher than 1 Gbit/s.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00624268
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical waveguiding in semiconductor injection lasers and integrated optics (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 15-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Weak perturbations from various refractive index distributions have been introduced into the central layer of the three layered dielectric slab optical waveguide model and solutions of the wave equation in this guide for TE modes have been compared with the results published for the unperturbed mode. The perturbations in general introduce quadrature components in the transverse modes and a mode width dependent amplitude. The mode position within the guide can be shifted and the mode width increased or decreased. With increasing parabolic perturbation there is increasing waveguide discrimination against higher order modes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00624269
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A proposal on optical fibre transmission systems in a low-loss 1.0–1.4 μm wavelength region (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 33-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Optical transmission systems, using extremely low-loss fibres in the 1.0–1.4μm wavelength region are proposed. Possibilities and expected performances are reviewed for optical components in the low-loss band, such as optical oscillators, modulators, detectors, isolators and fibre connectors. Basic considerations for the systems are described. These systems will have advantages such as a reduction in the number of repeaters and in the system costs by expanding the repeater spacing up to several tens of kilometers. Reliability requirements for repeaters, power supply and maintenance problems will be relaxed by accommodating repeaters in stations instead of manholes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00624270
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Propagation in graded-core fibres: a unified numerical description (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 121-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The well-known stepped-index representation for graded-core fibre analysis is extended to cover all aspects of fibre propagation on a rigorous electromagnetic basis. Calculations are implemented on a large digital computer system, and a new, very efficient formulation is used, so that the resulting program package turns out to be a very general and powerful tool for fibre description. It can be used to establish on a quantitative basis the merits and limitations of well-known approximate procedures (e.g., the WKBJ method) and, at the same time, to get considerably deeper insight into the exact mode pattern of the graded-core fibre than provided by existing approximations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619892
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-pass filter characteristics of multimode graded index fibres (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 135-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract On the basis of ray model solutions, the response of a lossless multimode graded-index fibre to a modulated source is calculated. The results demonstrate great sensitivity of the bandwidth of the fibre to small variations in index profile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619893
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Partially coherent optical waves in random gradient fibres (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 153-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The excitation characteristics and spatial coherence of partially coherent optical waves in gradient fibres are demonstrated for incident light waves radiated from semiconductor lasers and light emitting diodes. Lower modes are efficiently excited in the case of coherent laser beams, while incident waves of low coherence such as lightwaves of LEDs excite higher modes. Pulse propagation of partially coherent optical waves in dispersive gradient fibres is also discussed for random index fluctuations. Mode coupled equations for temporal correlation functions of the electric field that are generalizations of coupled power equations are found. Mode filtering and pulse improvement with a lossy inhomogeneous cladding are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619895
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fundamental mode microbending loss in graded-index and W fibres (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 167-175 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The microbending loss in single-mode or quasi-single-mode fibres is approximately determined from a calculation of the fundamental mode field in a fibre with constant curvature. The result of the microbending loss essentially depends on the spot size of the fundamental mode, only. The approximations are verified by studying a statistical model and by comparing the approximations with exact calculations in the case of W fibres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619896
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelisation de la propagation dans les fibres optiques (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 143-152 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a new method for investigating the effects of mode conversion due to microbends on the transmission characteristics (attenuation, frequency response ...) of multimode optical fibres. The method applies to both step-index and graded-index fibres and takes into account any dependence of the mode coupling coefficient upon propagation angle. The general theory of propagation with mode coupling is developed and we introduce the concept ofθ modes. The propagation problem is then simplified by using hypotheses based on exerpimental results and the solution is obtained with the help of a computer. Practical results concerning the increase of attenuation due to microbends are presented, from which the precautions to be taken when cabling fibres are deduced. It is also shown that in every practical case encountered, the prediction of the total attenuation and of the frequency response of a given fibre, when the launching conditions are specified is obtained from analytical expressions which approximate well with the exact results obtained from the computer. All these results make the method powerful and very useful for system designers when evaluating the effect of introducing an optical fibre into a transmission system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619894
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A PbSe diode laser spectrometer to be used in air pollution monitoring and mineral prospecting (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 411-418 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A high resolution infra-red PbSe diode laser spectrometer has been developed for application in air pollution monitoring and mineral prospecting. This instrument possesses three cells for measurement and calibration. Correlation techniques have been applied to increase the sensitivity. SO2 concentrations of around 5 ppm have been monitored at 7.3μm with the diode operating at 77 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620224
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An analysis of the second order spatial coherence of stationary laser oscillators with a Fabry-Perot resonator (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 419-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We investigate in this paper the results yielded by a rigorous application of second order spatial coherence theory to a Gaussian TEM-multimode laser beam. Formulae for a qualitative discussion and a quantitative evaluation of the second order spatial coherence properties of a laser oscillator with an arbitrary number of longitudinal and/or transverse Gaussian TEM-modes of oscillation are derived and considered for some practically important cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620225
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low threshold current proton-isolated (GaAl)As double heterostructure lasers (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 519-525 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Very low threshold current laser sources are desirable for a number of potential applications including optical fibre telecommunications systems. Conventional proton-isolated stripe geometry (GaAl)As lasers can be designed to give threshold currents in the range 10–50 mA by proper optimization of device geometry. Experimentally, it is shown that such devices can be easily fabricated and bonded and that their characteristics are not adversely affected by the optimization procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01208762
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bandwidth limitation of a fibre optic system with linear intensity modulation (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 532-535 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01208764
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Controlled multiline CO2 oscillator (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 536-538 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01208765
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some integrals in the theory of curved optical fibres (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 539-539 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01208766
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectral properties of dye lasers (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 393-411 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Starting from conventional rate equations describing the multimode operation of a laser with a broad homogeneous emission line, a system of approximately valid equations, suitable for both analytical and numerical studies of the spectral properties of laser radiation not too far from threshold, has been derived by introducing equations of motion for the spatial Fourier components of the inversion densityN(z, t), thus replacing the equation of motion forN(z, t) itself. Analytical solutions for steady-state operation were found and physically discussed in the following cases: (a) ring laser, (b) jet-stream laser with the active medium positioned either near one of the (Fabry-Perot) resonator mirrors or in the centre of the resonator, and (c) laser with a Fabry-Perot resonator completely filled with the active medium. The spectra thus calculated indicate that spatial hole burning is most efficient in providing mode co-existence in configuration (c), where it gives rise to a significant bandwidth. It is of minor importance, however, in case (b), where the spectrum differs only slightly from that of a ring laser, which is clearly free from hole-burning effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620099
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The third-order electric susceptibilities of NaCl and KCl monocrystals (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 443-447 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The dispersion of the third-order electric susceptibilitiesχ(ω; ω, ω, −ω) andχ(ω; ω, 0, 0) of NaCl and KCl monocrystals has been calculated by means of experimental data on the electro-optic Kerr effect. The result has been obtained by using semi-classical models of anharmonic oscillators. An ionic contribution to the electro-optic coefficients has been presented. From the result obtained it follows that the third-order electric susceptibilities are of the order of 10−22 m2 V−2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619918
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical beam and pulse propagation in inhomogeneous media. Application to multimode parabolic-index waveguides (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 463-475 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The integrals-of-motion method, the coherent states method, the method of the dynamical symmetry group, as well as the density matrix formalism, are used for the description of paraxial optical beam and pulse propagation in a weakly inhomogeneous medium. The formalism developed is then applied to a parabolic-index medium with bent axis of symmetry in which the index distribution varies along the direction of propagation. Expressions for beam trajectory and width as well as for r.m.s. pulse width are obtained. It is shown that certain particular longitudinal dependences of the index distribution function do not influence beam parameters. This phenomenon is used to achieve matching when two different parabolic-index waveguides are to be butt-joined. The connection of two parabolic-index waveguides with axis displacement is also discussed as an example and comparison between theoretical results and experimental data is made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619920
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analyse perturbative des caractéristiques de propagation des fibres optiques à gradient d'indice quasi-parabolique (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 41-49 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A simple perturbation theory, based on the scalar wave analysis, has been used to study the propagation characteristics of radially inhomogeneous lossless fibres. The formalism has been developed with a truncated parabolic-index profile as the zero-order solution and the perturbation approach is valid for azimuthally symmetric or anti-symmetric modes near cut-off as well as far from cut-off. In addition, numerical calculations have been carried out forα-profiles and have been found to be in good agreement with more rigorous calculations reported by previous authors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625497
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  • 26
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    Electronic Resource
    Bend radiation of optical fibres (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 1-7 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Theoretical and experimental investigations of the radiation far field from a curved optical fibre have been carried out for the lowest order LP-modes. The investigations concern the characteristics of pure bend loss radiation in a direction orthogonal to the plane of the bend. Possible applications involving the bend radiation are briefly discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625492
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  • 27
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    On the generation of picosecond light continua depending on various nonlinear processes (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 9-15 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The generation of picosecond light continua depends on various nonlinear processes such as parametric four-photon interaction, self-phase modulation, self-focusing, and avalanche ionization. In order to systematize the influence of these processes we have indicated both the threshold for continuum generation measured by various authors and the threshold for the nonlinear processes in a power diameter diagram characterizing the laser beam. The result is that all the thresholds for continuum measured under very different experimental conditions are situated nearly on one curve given by the nonlinear process with the lowest threshold. We have carried out measurements on the spectral energy distribution and on the angular distribution of the continuum generated in water and alkali halides by a mode-locked single-pulse Nd-glass laser. Under our experimental conditions both self-phase modulation and parametric four-photon interaction contribute to continuum generation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625493
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  • 28
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    Distinction of the competing processes in nonlinear resonant frequency mixing in atoms (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 35-40 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A coherent transient response technique is applied, for the first time, to distinguish between the influence of competing processes such as saturation of atomic transition and effects due to laser-induced nonlinear polarization on nonlinear resonant mixing. Experimental research is performed for the 3s–5s two-photon transition in sodium vapour. Delaying the probe picosecond pulse after the exciting one, variations of efficiency and phase-matched ratio upon incident intensity and exciting wavelength are investigated.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625496
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perturbation analysis of clad parabolic-index waveguides (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 51-56 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A first-order perturbation technique is used to obtain the eigenfunction correction due to the cladding in a square-law dielectric waveguide. Regions both near to and far from cut-off are considered separately. It is shown that far from cut-off the fractional power carried by the guide core increases over that in the homogeneous case but that near cut-off the power in the core is less than in a homogeneous guide. Thus the stability of the modal power with variation of wavelength is increased over that in a homogeneous guide.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625498
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
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    Influence of fluctuations of a laser pump on the intensity correlation of resonance fluorescence radiation (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 65-76 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The influence of fluctuations of a relatively weak laser pump on the intensity correlation of resonance fluorescence radiation is studied for a laser acting both below and above the threshold. Below the threshold the radiation of the laser is characterized by Gaussian properties causing non-factorization of the intensity correlation function. Above the threshold the laser shows non-linear filter properties and, therefore, the deviation of the exact intensity correlation function from its factorized value is small.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625500
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
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    Effects of thin film overlays on the mode properties of ion-exchanged guide (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 80-83 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625502
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  • 32
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    Fibre switch of 1*93: an experimental trial (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 87-90 
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    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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    On-line codes for digital optical communications (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 91-93 
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    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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    Phenomenological rules for the computation of magneto-electric susceptibilities (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 103-107 
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    Notes: Abstract Applying the model of the anharmonic oscillator, phenomenological expressions were derived, allowing calculation of the components of tensors describing non-linear magneto-electric susceptibilities. Detailed calculations were carried out for the pseudo-tensor of fourth order ηeeem in terms of which magneto-optical birefringence and rotation are expressed for the monocrystals KDP, DKDP, ADP, KDA, LiNbO3, LiTaO3 and NaClO3. From the results obtained it follows that non-linear magneto-electric susceptibilities, which are described by the pseudo-tensor ηeeem are of the order of 10−16 m V−1T−1.
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    Pulse propagation in optical fibres with index profiles slowly varying along their length (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 281-290 
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    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the formalism for calculating the effect of profile variations along the fibre on transit times and path parameters for rays in multimode fibres. The ideal case of power-law profiles is considered in detail and it is shown that when the exponentq is given byq=q 0+εf (z), the fibre may be described by an equivalent exponentq e. Simple formulae forq e in terms of the average properties off(z) are given. The ray parameter $$\tilde \beta $$ varies and this is shown to have only a minor effect on transit time, but does imply that some rays suffer an attenuation whenε≠0. If the amount of dopant in any crosssection is assumed constant, the fibre radius must vary whenq varies and profiles with this attribute are examined and shown to have ray behaviour similar to that described above.
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    An optimized technique for backscatter attenuation measurements in optical fibres (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 169-178 
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    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A technique which gives maximum range and sensitivity for estimating fibre attenuation from the backscattered light has been evolved. With this technique stability problems in the source and receiver are overcome by taking two different time samples for each pulse launched into the fibre, the attenuation being derived from the ratio of the two samples. An analysis indicates that an optimum operating strategy exists in terms of the choice of system parameters such that the range over which attenuation can be measured is maximized. Results indicate that local loss measurements can be performed on fibre sections which are remote from the source by a distance corresponding to a fibre attenuation of 27 dB. Furthermore, preliminary experimental results are presented to demonstrate the viability of the technique.
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    Optical waveguide theory (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 187-191 
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    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This report summarizes the activites at the 4th International Workshop on Optical Waveguide Theory, held at Leuwenhorst Holland on 13–16 September 1979.
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    Intrinsic noise of semiconductor lasers in optical communication systems (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 207-219 
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    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The upper limit of the achievable signal-to-noise ratio in optical communication systems is determined by the intrinsic laser noise due to quantum fluctuations inside the laser cavity. This achievable signal-to-noise ratio depends on the way in which different lasing modes are detected; wavelength filtering and material dispersion may yield a significant deterioration of the signal-to-noise ratio. It is concluded from theoretical calculations and from measurements on V-groove lasers that a d.c. signal-to-noise ratio of about 70 dB may be achieved for a noise bandwidth of 10 MHz.
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    Theory of electric field-induced optical second harmonic generation in semiconductors (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 199-205 
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    Notes: Abstract The nonlinear optical coefficientd ij(kl) (2ω, 0,ω, ω) for electric field-induced optical second harmonic generation in semiconductors is calculated by means of a perturbation treatment. The result is given directly as a Brillouin zone integral over a resonant energy denominator. A simplified energy band structure model is used to carry out the Brillouin zone integral. The analytic closed-form expression ford ij(kl) (2ω, 0,ω, ω) thus obtained permits the calculation of the absolute value of its spectrum from available energy band parameters. The dispersion ofd 11(11) (2ω, 0,ω, ω) of Ge is numerically calculated, second harmonic photon energies being close to theE 0 andE 1 gaps. The results show pronounced resonant behaviours.
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    A ray approach to scattering in optical fibres (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 221-230 
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    Notes: Abstract The problem of scattering in optical fibres is approached by means of a ray theory and by considering both the parameters that characterize each ray congruence. Starting from a general transport equation a two-variable diffusion equation is derived and its field of validity is discussed. Preliminary results (steadystate power distribution among ray congruences; steady-state attenuation and steady-state length) are given in some simple but common cases. These results permit interesting comparisons with other theories.
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    Wide-band optical fibre local distribution systems (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 353-381 
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    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The concept of a wide-band optical local network is presented and the technical aspects are discussed in detail. The types of service are outlined and grouped according to the requirements for transmission capacity. The components available and their characteristics are presented. The modulation characteristics of the semiconductor laser are scrutinized and show that the laser is unfit for high-quality analogue intensity modulation. The aspects of digital and analogue transmission of television are examined and compared. Analogue transmission can provide transmission of only a few TV channels at the present level of quality whereas digital transmission can provide improved quality with a comfortable system margin. However, none of the schemes are suited for simultaneous transmission of many TV channels, which shows that the direct optical equivalent of a conventional CATV network cannot yet be constructed. The concepts of central switching and customer switching are outlined together with the options for multiplexing and network structure. Finally a review is made of known activities. The review covers eleven studied, planned and implemented experimental networks. Nearly all of the networks employ central switching. The older experiments use exclusively analogue transmission whereas there is a growing tendency to use digital transmission in recently planned networks.
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    An acousto-optic modulator for a CO2 laser rangefinder using heterodyne detection (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 419-426 
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    Notes: Abstract The ability to superimpose arbitrary modulation waveforms on a CW laser beam makes the acoustooptic modulator suitable for an important task: to apply modern microwave radar electronic signalprocessing and signal-generation techniques to heterodyne CO2 laser radar systems. The fundamental constraints on modulator design are first presented graphically in a novel treatment. The fabrication of 50–70 MHz germanium-lithium niobate modulators for a CO2 laser radar is then described. Experimental measurements of efficiency (about 4% per electrical watt transducer input power) and rise time (∼ 40 ns) are finally presented.
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    Polarization filtering in strip-guides (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 427-433 
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    Notes: Abstract The application of the cut-off effect in the building of polarizers in strip-guides is investigated. Different structures, already realized in the case of slab-guides, are considered. The dispersion curves of ion-exchanged glass strip-guides were computed by the effective-index method and were then used to model the investigated structures. The results obtained show that a cut-off polarizer can be relatively easily constructed in a strip-guide with only one transverse mode. In the multimode case the application of the investigated structures is often complicated and sometimes impossible.
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    Polarization mode coupling in long single-mode fibres (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 449-461 
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    Notes: Abstract In this paper we look at the polarization state evolution of light propagating in long, birefringent, single-mode fibres in the presence of mode coupling. We show first that there always exist two orthogonal linear input polarizations which lead to linear output polarization for monochromatic light. The applicability of the coupled power equations is discussed and it is shown that they cannot be used with only two propagating modes. A more detailed analysis is then carried out for a uniform coupling and the effect of the spectral width of the source is investigated. Some insight into the time-dependent propagation is also given. Experimental results illustrate the theoretical considerations.
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    Timing recovery in optical data transmission (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 383-391 
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    Notes: Abstract The problem of timing recovery in optical data communication is considered using the maximum likelihood (ML) estimation. Assuming negligible intersymbol interference, the structure of the ML estimator is first obtained and some approximations of it are suggested both in the form of decision-directed tracking loops and in the form of data-independent trackers. Comparisons are made with other synchronization schemes discussed in the literature.
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    Geometric optics approach to optical fibre excitation by partially coherent sources (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 373-382 
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    Notes: Abstract A general partially coherent source field on the end of an optical fibre has been represented by a characteristic angular spectrum of independent plane waves. The launching of both trapped and tunnelling (leaky) power is investigated for both step and graded-index fibres by considering the effect of one component of the angular spectrum, using geometric optics acceptance theory. The effect of the degree of coherence on the pulse response of the fibres is briefly discussed.
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    Silica based binary glass systems — refractive index behaviour and composition in optical fibres (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 399-409 
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    Notes: Abstract Refractive index versus composition data are presented for three silica based binary glass systems SiO2-B2O3, SiO2-P2O5 and SiO2-GeO2. Using a near-field scanning method refractive index measurements were made on graded-index optical fibres, of known composition, fabricated by the chemical vapour deposition technique. The experimental data for each glass system is also compared with theoretical predictions of refractive index versus composition made from a single oscillator, Sellmeier model involving an oscillator energy and a dispersion energy term.
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    Fully automatic system for the coupling alignment of optical fibres (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 393-397 
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    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract To realize the low-loss connection of two optical fibres intended as a transmission medium for optical signals, very tight tolerances have to be observed on account of the small geometrical dimensions involved. The present work describes a fully automatic system for the alignment of optical fibres in thex-y planes relative to a light source, which has only a single intensity peak, so that maximum optical power is launched into the fibre. The light source can be, for instance, the radiating end of a fibre, a semi-conductor laser or a light-emitting diode. The optical power coupled into the fibre serves as the control signal. Three precision displacement stages driven by stepping motors serve to align the fibres. Various sequential control algorithms for optimal coupling are investigated with reference to theory. Two algorithms are tested with the aid of a computer with reference to the alignment accuracy and speed requirements which have to be met and the one shown by theoretical simulation to be the more favourable is selected for technical realization. The resulting system was used for numerous alignment operations for the coupling of two graded-index fibres. The alignment time is below 1 s and the coupling efficiency compared with manual coupling alignment efficiency (= 100%) is above 99%, corresponding to an additional loss of 〈0.05 dB.
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    Stimulated electronic Raman scattering in Cs vapour: a simple tunable laser system for the 2.7 to 3.5 μm region (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 509-518 
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    Notes: Abstract Stimulated electronic Raman scattering (SERS) in atomic vapours provides a simple method of extending the tuning ranges of pulsed dye lasers well into the infrared region. The special advantages of this technique in comparison with other types of tunable infrared lasers are discussed, and are illustrated by describing a SERS system which uses a modest nitrogen laser-pumped dye laser (∼ 20 kW). This produces infrared radiation tunable from 2.67 to 3.47μm by SERS in caesium vapour, which is contained in a heat pipe oven. Photon conversion efficiencies of up to 50% are obtained. The design of the heat pipe oven, operation of the system and optimization of experimental parameters are described in detail.
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    A general solution for two-dimensional volume holograms (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 527-531 
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    Notes: Abstract We inv estigate the problem in which a volume hologram is produced by two waves of arbitrary amplitude and phase distribution (the only restriction being that they must obey the rules of geometrical optics), and the developed hologram is illuminated by one of the waves having the same phase distribution but not necessarily the same amplitude distribution. Coupled partial differential equations are derived and solved in the form of an infinite series valid for both transmission and reflection holograms. For transmission holograms a simple approximate solution is given for the amplitude of the reconstructed wave in the immediate vicinity of the input surface.
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    Cavity-dumping a mode-locked TEA CO2 laser (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 347-349 
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    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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    A comparison of the optical path and differential equation methods for optically thin phase gratings (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 383-391 
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    Notes: Abstract It is shown that the optical path method may lead to an approximate solution of the wave equation valid under a wide range of conditions for slanted phase gratings of arbitrary profile. Analytic solutions are given for sinusoidal and sawtooth gratings, and the accuracy of the approximations is checked by comparison with numerical solutions. The conditions under which sawtooth gratings may yield 100% efficiency are clarified.
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    Anomalous group delay in optical fibres (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 511-517 
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    Notes: Abstract It is shown, by means of computation on a specific model, how pulse broadening in multimode gradedindex optical waveguides is significantly affected by the levels of excitation of the high-order modes. Pulse widths are computed as functions of the profile parameterα, under conditions of equal excitation, high-order mode suppression and GaAs laser excitation.
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    Space-time response of a cloud communication channel to an optical signal (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 499-509 
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    Notes: Abstract An optical signal,an impulse in space and step in time,is incident on a plane,parallel fixed,homogeneous cloud. The incident signal is modelled as a stream of photons, each of them executing a random walk. A Monte Carlo simulation technique is applied to obtain the space-time response of the channel when an optical receiver with a specified field of view is located at a specified distance below the cloud. The response is obtained as angular, spatial and temporal dispersions. Various simulation steps are described. For thin clouds two variance reduction techniques, i.e. Russian roulette and forced collision, are used. It is shown that the bottom of the cloud tends to diffuse uniformly and the 3 dB exit beam width saturates. The rise time in this channel is found to be of the order of several nanoseconds.
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    Theoretical analysis of the multi-rotational line TEA CO2 laser (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 245-251 
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    Notes: Abstract A theoretical model for the multiline TEA CO2 laser has been developed which takes into account the overlap of the P(20) line of (0001) → (1000) regular band transition with the R(23) line of (0111) → (1110) hot band transition. The model is used for the study of the influence of different parameters like laser gas temperature, gas mixture and pump rates on laser intensities of different rotational lines. This study explains the experimental results of the high power multiline TEA CO2 laser very well.
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    Detuning effects of FM mode-locking in atmospheric CO2 lasers (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 259-268 
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    Notes: Abstract We describe a study of the detuning of the intracavity FM modulation of the homogeneously broadened laser applied to CO2 systems. The analysis is done by working in the frequency domain and by describing the field in terms of discrete amplitudes and phases. The coupled mode equations are solved for modulation frequencies near the axial mode-separation frequency. The asymmetry of the mode-locking behaviour due to the dispersive behaviour of the active medium is verified experimentally. We have measured both the pulse and the phase shift of the pulse with respect to the modulation signal as a function of detuning. The experimental results show clearly the asymmetry with detuning, in agreement with theory.
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    Economic evaluations and forecasts for optical fibre transmission systems at 1.2–1.5 μm (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 273-279 
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    Notes: Abstract Inherent characteristics of optical fibres make them suitable for telecommunication networks. This can become a matter of fact provided that costs of fibres and of related components make optical systems more convenient than copper cable ones. Economic evaluations of convenience limits, especially for systems operating at 1.2–1.5μm are given, as well as an estimate of the percentage of links in different areas of a typical network (in Italy) that can be realized without intermediate repeaters using optical fibres at 0.8–0.9μm or at 1.2–1.5μm.
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    Coherence effects in a multiply pumped spin-flip Raman laser (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 303-308 
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    Notes: Abstract A spin-flip Raman laser is fed simultaneously with two or more output frequencies of the CO pump laser. Not only are resonance effects seen when the magnetic field is tuned so that the Raman frequency equals the difference of two pump frequencies, but also when higher order resonances involving the sums and differences of CO lines equal the Raman frequency. The sign and intensity of these effects are briefly discussed and it is pointed out that the effects could be useful for calibration purposes.
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    Multiphoton detectors of laser radiation (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 291-301 
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    Notes: Abstract The paper is devoted to the problem of using multiphoton detectors to measure the statistical characteristics of multifrequency laser radiation affecting the nonlinear interaction between radiation and matter. Section 1 gives the characteristics of laser radiation determining the probability of power-type nonlinear interaction with a medium. Section 2 briefly characterizes multiphoton detectors. Sections 3–6 are devoted to the problems of measuring the so-called statistical radiation factor by means of multiphoton detectors and to the analysis of the corresponding experimental data. The possibility of using multiphoton detectors to measure other radiation characteristics is discussed in Sections 7 and 8.
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    On the spectra of resonant coherent Raman scattering (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 315-325 
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    Notes: Abstract The spectra of resonant coherent anti-Stokes and Stokes Raman scattering of excited molecules are calculated and discussed. The interaction of light and molecules is treated semi-classically. The energy level diagram of four energy levels describing the process is used in four modifications possible for excited molecules. It is shown that non-vibrational resonances give ‘extra’ maxima in some of the spectra. Comparison of the spectral structure in the Stokes and anti-Stokes components gives information on which of the four schemes the interaction is realized by. The influence of the pumping detuning on the Stokes component shape is pointed out.
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    Air pollution monitoring with a computer-controlled CO2-laser long-path absorption system (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 327-334 
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    Notes: Abstract A CO2-laser long-path absorption system has been developed. It is highly automated with computer-controlled laser-line selection and real-time data processing. The system has been used to monitor ethylene and vinyl chloride concentrations over a petrochemical factory area. The ethylene concentrations ranged from below 0.02 ppm to 45 ppm. The vinyl chloride concentrations were less than 0.05 ppm. Different path lengths from 20 m to 2800 m were used. The minimum detectable ethylene concentration was typically 15 ppm m.
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    Editorial (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 351-351 
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    Reduction of optical damage effects in LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 495-498 
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    Notes: Abstract Optical damage effects in electro-optic crystals such as LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 result from light-induced refractive index changes which bring about decollimation and scattering of light beams. The origin of the index changes is discussed. Although it is currently impossible to avoid undesired optical damage completely, various possibilities are proposed to reduce the effects.
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    A double pole, double throw electro-optic switch with an N-type electrode (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 525-527 
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    On optical diffusion coefficients for step-index multimode guides (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 43-50 
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    Notes: Abstract Optical diffusion coefficients, computed from ray-tracing in step-index slab guides with small continuous width perturbations, show an angular dependence which does not in general correspond well with the mechanical deformation spectrum. This contrasts with assumptions of a one-to-one correspondence in earlier reports. The results indicate that, in a fibre having a steep cut-off in the perturbation spectrum at high mechanical frequencies, the corresponding diffusion coefficient will have a significantly less pronounced cut-off. It is also shown that, in a cylindrical guide with diameter perturbations, the effect of skew rays is to further reduce the cut-off rate in the diffusion coefficient. An immediate consequence of these findings is that, in a perturbed fibre without appreciable cladding loss, the loss penalty (due to radiation) may be much higher than would be predicted by the mechanical spectrum alone. As a prelude to the above ray-tracing studies, a derivation of the optical diffusion equation is given from the analogy with Brownian motion.
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    Mode conversion and radiation losses in a step-index optical fibre due to bending (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 51-60 
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    Notes: Abstract Wave propagation in a step-index optical fibre with a curved section is treated theoretically. Mode conversion and radiation take place. The mode coupling coefficients which depend on the polarization of the incident mode are calculated. Radiation losses at the transition between a straight and a curved fibre section and total losses including the continuous radiation loss due to a uniform bend are evaluated. Comparisons are also made between singly and doubly clad fibres. It is shown that the doubly clad fibre can tolerate a sharper bend.
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    Transfer function of a multimode step-index fibre: a geometrical optical investigation (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 289-297 
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    Notes: Abstract The transfer function of a multimode step-index fibre has been calculated by means of geometrical optics taking into account mode coupling and leaky rays. The light source may have axial symmetry (light emitting diode) or be line shaped (semiconductor laser). Radial displacement of the line source relative to the fibre axis is allowed. Calculations performed for a large numerical aperture fibre (N.A.=0.475) with a coupling length of 2 km show that leaky rays and radial displacement of the line source are significant for fibre lengths shorter than 200m. The influence of the width of the entrance beam is significant for lengths up to 5 km. Varying coupling length and steady state angle for a fibre length of 150 m calculations show that the bandwidth varies between 15 and 95 MHz for penalty losses between 8 and 18 dB. Calculations have been compared with direct baseband frequency measurements for a high-loss fibre with a large numerical aperture and excellent agreement has been found.
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    Mode selection in CW laser with homogeneously broadened gain (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 305-313 
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    Notes: Abstract The gain calculated for a laser with ring and Fabry-Perot resonators respectively is given in a general formulation which shows clearly the influence of the spatially inhomogeneous saturation due to the standing wave pattern and the resulting Bragg scattering. When selecting a single mode in a Fabry-Perot resonator, the losses necessary to quench the modes are equal to those losses which the selected mode suffers due to the self-induced Bragg grating in the active medium. In a unidirectional ring laser, the losses only need exceed the gain of additional separate gain reservoirs of the modes. Also possible reasons are dealt with which cause stable bidirectional operation in a ring laser with homogeneously broadened gain.
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    Double exposure holography for the analysis of quadratic motion (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 353-353 
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    Spectra of stimulated Raman scattering in silica-fibre waveguides (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 351-352 
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    Generation of picosecond light continua by parametric four-photon interactions in liquids and solids (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 315-349 
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    Notes: Abstract Light continua extending from the i.r. to the u.v. are generated with picosecond laser pulses in liquids and solids. It is demonstrated that the light spectra in water are produced by stimulated parametric fourphoton interactions, which are resonantly enhanced by single and difference frequency resonances of the non-linear susceptibilityχ (3). A theory of the various parametric four-photon interaction processes is developed and the resonant structure ofχ (3) is discussed. The experimental results are compared with theoretical calculations. The generation of light continua by other nonlinear optical processes is briefly discussed.
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    A sensitive ultraviolet radiation detector based on photoionization of excited atoms (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 354-356 
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    Anodic formation of SnO2-Si heterojunction solar cells at room temperature (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 357-359 
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    Laser excitation of cladded multimode fibres (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 360-360 
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    Erratum (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. II 
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    Epstein-layer and dielectric-slab electromagnetic models of semiconductor injection lasers (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 361-371 
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    Notes: Abstract This paper is devoted to a comparison of two electromagnetic models of junction lasers — the dielectric slab and the Epstein layer. The main emphasis is on the discussion of possible methods of matching the parameters appearing in both models. The threshold condition for active layer thickness and mode frequency at a given gain and mode number is solved numerically. It is shown that the discrepancies between both models become reasonably small when a proper method, involving averaging of the dielectric constant over the active and passive regions, is applied. The cases of the three lowest order TE transverse modes of homojunction, single-, and double-heterojunction lasers are considered. The obtained results suggest that the Epstein-layer model can approximate experimental data as well as the dielectricslab model does.
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    Optical image processing with dynamic spatial filters (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 445-447 
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    Analysis of coherent backward Raman propagation effect (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 448-450 
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    Signal distortion noise in volume phase holograms (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 427-436 
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    Notes: Abstract Signal distortion noise in volume phase holograms is analysed for the case in which the object beam consists of two plane waves. It is shown that, for a given (on-Bragg) signal diffraction efficiency, the magnitude of the signal distortion noise is inversely proportional to the square of crystal thickness. Furthermore, as a function of the angular position of the reconstruction beam, the signal distortion noise has two peaks: one at the Bragg angle and the other at a deviation Δθ 0 from the Bragg angle, where Δθ 0 is a function of relative angles between the components of the object beam and the reference beam. The on-Bragg peak of the signal distortion noise is experimentally located for volume phase holograms recorded in Fe-doped LiNbO3. The measured angular position is found to be in accord with the calculated value.
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    Two-dimensional transmission type volume holograms for incident plane waves of arbitrary amplitude distribution (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 437-444 
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    Notes: Abstract Based on the differential equations of [1] a general solution in closed form is obtained for the amplitudes of the transmitted and diffracted beams for Bragg angle incidence in a lossless, transmission type volume hologram. Numerical solutions are plotted for Gaussian input beams. For the range of parameter values investigated it is shown that complete power transfer into the diffracted beam is not possible.
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    Streak camera investigation of a modelocked argon-ion laser system (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 451-453 
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    Optical simulation of Hilbert-images of a phase object (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 455-458 
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    Notes: Abstract An optical analogue system is described for performing the complex Hilbert transformation of a phase object.
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    Near field and far field power distributions in a multimode graded fibre (1977)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 459-464 
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    Notes: Abstract It is shown in this paper that the near field and far field power distributions corresponding to any distribution of rays in an arbitrary graded fibre, reach a steady state along the fibre. This steady state is usually a function of the input distribution of rays and of the refractive index profile of the fibre. The case of parallel beam injection is considered and an analytical expression for the near field power distributions for any arbitrary profile is found. This suggests a new method of refractive index profile measurement which is free of leaky ray corrections and can be very sensitive near the optimum profile for time dispersion.
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    Intermodal dispersion measurements and interpretation in graded-index optical fibres (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 57-64 
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    Notes: Abstract We describe in this paper a frequency-domain measurement configuration allowing the determination of intermodal dispersion, differential mode attenuation and mode-coupling effects in graded-index optical fibres. Attention is mainly given to intermodal dispersion which is obtained with a resolution of 5 ps km−1 and a dynamic range of 15dB. Spatial (or modal) resolution is examined from both the theoretical and experimental point of view and the high degree of resolution of the experiment is illustrated. Interpretation of the results for deducing the index profile errors and correcting the preform manufacturing process shows the usefulness of the method for improving fibre quality.
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    A new simple method of 10 ns CO2 laser pulse generation (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 77-79 
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    Transmission technique for planar film index-profile measurements (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 84-86 
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    The non-linear Schrödinger equation and the non-stationary evolution of the intense localized wave field (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 95-102 
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    Notes: Abstract The possibility of the origin of the high intensity localized region near the wave pulse maximum is illustrated by means of exact solutions of the non-linear Schrödinger equation. The critical and supercritical regimes of wave pulse non-stationary evolution are illustrated. The tendencies of evolution depend essentially upon the initial profile of the pulse.
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    Pulse dispersion in a clad lens-like medium (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 109-118 
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    Notes: Abstract The effects of a homogeneous cladding on the dispersion of a square-law dielectric guide are investigated using a perturbation technique. Assuming a Gaussian, band-limited input it is shown that for single mode operation the waveguide dispersion is of the order of the material dispersion. For multimode operation the effect of the cladding on the uniformly polarized modes is examined and it is shown that a significant interaction occurs only for the two modes closest to cut-off. Comparison is made between theoretical and experimental results. The perturbation technique is used to analyse the optimum index profile proposed by Okamoto and Okoshi. It is shown that this variation reduces the dispersion to below that of the infinite medium approximation.
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    The calculation of average error probability in a digital fibre optical communication system (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 131-141 
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    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with the problem of determining the average error probability in a digital fibre optical communication system, in the presence of message dependent inhomogeneous non-stationary shot noise, additive Gaussian noise and intersymbol interference. A zero-forcing equalization receiver filter is considered. Three techniques for error rate evaluation are compared. The Chernoff bound and the Gram-Charlier series expansion methods are compared to the characteristic function technique. The latter predicts a higher receiver sensitivity.
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    A mobile computerized laser radar system for observing rapidly varying meteorological phenomena (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 159-167 
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    Notes: Abstract A high repetition, mobile laser radar system with a computerized real-time data acquisition and display system is described. Signal-to-noise levels of the system are compared with theoretical values, and it is found that they are affected by the shot noise in the system. An example of a stack plume observation is also presented to show the performance of the system.
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    Two-photon resonant fifth harmonic generation in sodium vapour (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 183-186 
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    Calculation of error probability in an optical communication channel in the presence of intersymbol interference, using a characteristic function method (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 119-129 
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    Notes: Abstract In this paper the error rate of an optical channel is calculated. The channel considered consists of a laser or light emitting diode as the optical source and a glass fibre as transmission medium. The transmitted optical pulses are spread in the fibre causing intersymbol interference. The receiver is assumed to be an avalanche photodiode which is considered as a p-n junction and a random multiplier whose electron probability distribution function is known, and a filter. In calculating the probability of error, their characteristic functions are multiplied and the probability density function of all the noises put together is truncated to a finite interval and described in a trigonometric series form. The total characteristic function is related to the Fourier coefficients of the periodic probability density function, resulting in an expression that is then used, for a given bit rate, to determine the worst case and average probability of error as functions of transmitted power or signal-to-noise ratio, for different amounts of intersymbol interference.
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    Radiation losses due to discontinuities in asymmetric three-layer optical waveguides (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 143-158 
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    Notes: Abstract In this paper, the radiation losses caused by film thickness and refractive index discontinuities in asymmetric slab waveguides are examined theoretically. A technique developed by Mahmoud and Beal for dealing with the continuous part of the radiation spectrum is used. Several numerical examples which show the radiation loss for various waveguide configurations are presented and discussed and, where appropriate, comparisons with other related work made. In the case of asymmetric thickness steps, the radiation losses are found to be appreciably higher than those computed for symmetric guides. The radiation losses for guides having the same thickness were found to decrease as the guide thickness increased. Once the TE1 mode become guided, the losses decreased rapidly. However, if the two guides had different thickness then it was found that the losses exhibited a minimum.
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    Amorphous As2 S3 thin film waveguide with grating coupler (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 179-181 
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    Self-locked He-Ne ring laser (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 309-313 
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    Notes: Abstract Experimental conditions necessary for self-pulsing to occur in a He-Ne ring laser are reported. These results are compared with predictions that are based upon theoretical models that have been presented in the literature. Good qualitative agreement is found in that theory and experiment both show that self-pulsing will only occur over a range of excitation. Quantitative results differed enough to indicate that additional refinement is needed even though the models have identified many of the important parameters involved.
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    The reference range for differential absorption lidars (1980)
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    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 335-340 
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    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The concept of reference range for lidars is extended to the case of differential absorption lidars. A method for determining the wavelengths of operation, optimal from the point of view of maximum reference range for uniform and non-uniform absorbant distribution, is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620288
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  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical fibre profiling using a scanning optical microscope (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 341-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A scanning optical microscope is used to measure directly the refractive-index profile of an optical fibre. The effects of illuminating the fibre end with a highly convergent beam of light are considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620289
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of coherence of generating radiations on optical parametric up-conversion (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 350-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620291
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical fibre attenuation measurement by the backscattering method: effect of noise (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 413-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The backscattering method is now a well-established technique for the measurement of attenuation in multimode optical fibres. In this paper the effect of noise is evaluated in order to optimize the precision of the measurement, its dynamic range and the time required to collect the data. An experimental set-up is described and the experimental results reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620100
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parametric study of a u.v. preionized TEA CO2 laser (1980)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 12 (1980), S. 435-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620103
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