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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983) 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): ecdysteroids ; ecdysonic acids ; hormone ; metabolism ; insects ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Insects convert ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone into their corresponding 26-oic derivatives, named ecdysonoic acid and 20-hydroxyecdysonoic acid respectively. The conversion takes piace in several tissues and can either be the only pathway for converting ecdysone into highly polar ecdysteroids, or coexist with various conjugating mechanisms.20-Hydroxyecdysonoic acid was isolated from Pieris brassicae pupae as its methyl ester derivative. Its chemical structure was identified by Cl/D mass spectrometry and compared with a synthetic compound (20-hydroxy-25-deoxyecdysonoic acid) chemically prepared by oxidation of inokosterone (20,26-dihydroxy-25-deoxyecdysone). Natural ecdysonoic acids appear to exist as a mixture of 25R and 25S isomers.The significance of this pathway is discussed in comparison with similar reactions occuring in the metabolism of steroid hormones in vertebrates.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 225-230 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): insect cell line ; chitin synthesis ; diflubenzuron ; differentiated function ; mass spectra ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Cells from the continuous MRRL-CH line derived from embryos of the tobacco hornworm synthesized chitin. Digestion of the washed pellet from [14C]-N-acetylglucosamine-labeled cells by chitinase yielded a water-soluble labeled compound. The lyophilized residue from the supernatant of the chitin digestion was analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography as its trimethylsilyl derivative. The major component cochromatographed with derivitized chitobiose. The presence of chitobiose was confirmed by gas chro-matography-mass spectrometry. The synthesis of chitin by this cell line is inhibited by diflubenzuron.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 251-266 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): 20-hydroxyecdysone ; tunicamycin ; insect cell line ; glycoproteins ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Treatment of CH-MRRL cells with either 20-hydroxyecdysone or tunicamycin resulted in a decrease in the incorporation of labeled sugars into glycoproteins. This change appears to be largely quantitative, as few qualitative changes in protein bands were apparent as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Tunicamycin caused a greater change in the amount of labeled sugar incorporated into specific glycoproteins than did 20-hydroxyecdysone. This was more apparent in [14C]-mannose-labeled than in [14C]-N-acetylglucosamine-labeled glycoproteins. Both compounds caused changes in cell surface glycoproteins. These changes are discussed in relation to previous work on binding of lectins to the cell surface and on the mode of action of tunicamycin.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 281-296 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): Heliothis zea ; cholesterol ; campesterol ; sitosterol ; lathosterol ; epifungisterol ; spinasterol ; cholestanoi ; epicoprostanol ; campestanol ; sitostanol ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Heliothis zea was reared on artificial diets containing Δ5-sterols (cholesterol, campesterol, or sitosterol), Δ7-sterols (lathosterol, epifungisterol, or spinasterol), or Δ0-sterols (cholestanol, epicoprostanol, campestanol, or sitostanol) in order to determine how different dietary sterols affect the type of sterols present in the tissues of the late-sixth-instar larva. Although all of the dietary sterols (except epicoprostanol) supported the growth of the larvae, not all of the sterols were metabolized to the same end products. In each case, at least 80% of the sterols in the tissues of the larvae retained the same nucleus as that of the dietary sterol, indicating that H. zea carries out very little metabolism of ring B of Δ5-, Δ7-, and Δ0-sterols. The larvae dealkylated the Δ5-, Δ7-, and Δ0-alkylsterols to 24-desalkylsterols, but a greater percentage of the Δ5-alkylsterols were metabolized in this manner. The sterols present as free sterols in the larva were also present as esterifed sterols which accounted for 2-4% of the total sterols. Therefore, the sterol composition of the tissues of H. zea can be altered by varying the dietary sterols.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 59-71 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): 20-hydroxyecdysone ; tunicamycin ; insect cell line ; concanavalin A ; wheat germ ; agglutinin ; glycoproteins ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The radiolabeled lectins, concanavalin A* and wheat germ agglutinin, were used to study surface properties of two insect cell lines. We also looked at the effects of tunicamycin and 20-hydroxyecdysone on the binding of these lectins to one of the cell lines. Both UMBGE-2 and CH-MRRL cells bound both lectins, specifically. The CH-MRRL cells showed an overall higher binding for the lectins than the UMBGE-2 cells. This difference may account for some of the striking morphological difference seen between these cells. Tunicamycin and 20-hydroxyecdysone decreased the binding of both [125I]-Con A and [125I]-WGA to CH-MRRL cells. These results suggest that cell surface glycoproteins play a role in the modification of cellular morphology and in other hormone-mediated physiological functions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983) 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 179-190 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): Locusta migratoria ; myogenic ; neurogenic ; visceral muscle ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The oviducts of Locusta migratoria are innervated by a pair of nerves which arise from, the seventh abdominal ganglion. A distinctive network of striated muscle fibres occurs in the oviducts. The lateral oviducts and common oviduct consist of an inner circular layer of muscle and an outer longitudinal layer of muscle. At the junction of the lateral and common oviduct an additional thin longitudinal layer is found adjacent to the basement epithelium.The oviducts contracted spontaneously when isolated from the central nervous system. These myogenic contractions took the form of peristaltic contractions in the lateral oviduct, and intermittent phasic-like contractions of the posterior regions of the lateral oviduct and the common oviduct. These phasic-like contractions were associated with individual complex potentials recorded extracellularly from the muscle fibres.In locusts that had been interrupted in the process of egg laying, there were large-amplitude action potentials, firing in a bursting pattern, in the oviducal nerves. These large action potentials were absent in locusts that had not been egg-laying. These action potentials were associated with both bioelectric potentials and mechanical events in the posterior region of the lateral oviduct and the common oviduct.Electrical stimulation of the oviducal nerve mimicked the effects of spontaneous action potentials, resulting in the appearance of monophasic potentials and contractions. The contractions were graded and dependent upon both frequency and duration of stimulation.It is concluded that the oviducts of Locusta are both myogenic and neurogenic. The role of these contractions in oviposition is discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 199-203 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): corpora allata ; juvenile hormone ; precocene ; precocius development ; Spodoptera mauritia ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: In Spodoptera mauritia repeated daily treatments of larvae with 40 μg of precocene II throughout the fifth and sixth instar larval period had no effect on the larval-larval period but prolonged larval-pupal ecdysis. The resulting pupae showed precocious adult differentiation of mouth parts, wings, eyes, legs, and fat body.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 231-241 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): Locusta ; visceral muscle ; oviduct ; proctolin ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The effects of various pharmacological agents on neurally evoked contractions of the visceral muscles of the oviduct of Locusta migratoria have been examined. The pentapeptide, proctolin, at low concentrations (10-11 M-10-10 M), induced an increase in the amplitude of neurally evoked contractions and basal tonus, and induced the appearance and increased the frequency of myogenic contractions. Glutamate, at 10-4 M, produced a small transient contraction which in some preparations was accompanied by a reduction in amplitude of neurally evoked contractions. Octopamine, at 10-6 M, reduced the amplitude of neurally evoked contractions and also resulted in a relaxation of the muscles. The octopaminergic effects were inhibited by the α-aminergic antagonist phentolamine. Neurally evoked contractions were unaffected by dopamine, 5-HT or the acetylcholine receptor antagonists atropine and hexamethonium. Acetylcholine increased the amplitude of neurally evoked contractions, but only at the high concentration of 10-3 M.The possible role of proctolin and glutamate as excitatory neuro-transmitters and the inhibitory action of octopamine is discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 307-307 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: No Absbract.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): Periplaneta americana CNS ; synaptic transmission ; axonal excitability ; ACh-iontophoresis ; β- and δ-philanthotoxin ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: This paper provides answers to the questions which of the toxins present in the venom of the wasp Philanthus triangulum may be responsible for the previously reported blockage of transmission through the sixth abdominal ganglion of the cockroach, and whether this may occur by block of synaptic transmission or by affecting axonal exitability. In current clamp experiments the crude venom induces a slight depolarization of the membrane of the giant axon from the sixth abdominal ganglion of the cockroach and a small and irreversible decrease in the amplitude of the action potential. These marginal effects are not seen with relatively high concentrations of the philanthotoxins β-PTX and δ-PTX. It appears that neither the crude venom nor the toxins significantly affect the excitability of the cockroach giant axon. At a concentration of 20 μg ml-1 δ-PTX causes a slowly reversible block of synaptic transmission from the cercal nerve XI to a giant interneuron without any change in resting membrane potential, whereas β-PTX is inactive. Iontophoretically evoked acetylcholine potentials of the giant neuron are more sensitive to δ-PTX than excitatory postsynaptic potentials. This suggests that the toxin acts on the postsynaptic membrane.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 33-39 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): insecticide chlordimeform ; neuromuscular junction ; transmitter release ; presynaptic spike ; postsynaptic potentials ; Tenebrio molitor ; mealworm ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The mechanism of action of chlordimeform on the mealworm nerve-muscle preparation was studied with microelectrodes. Chlordimeform affected neither the mean amplitude nor the frequency of spontaneous miniature excitatory postsynaptic potentials. Extracellular focal recordings show that in the presence of 0.8 mM chlordimeform the presynaptic spike is almost unchanged, but the quantal content for evoked transmitter release is reduced. It is suggested that chlordimeform decreases the influx of calcium at the presynaptic terminal during the active phase of the nerve terminal action potential, thereby inhibiting evoked transmitter release.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 85-91 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): electroantennogram ; pheromone ; sensillum ; European corn borer ; olfaction ; sensilla trichodea ; Ostrina nubilalis ; electrosensillogram ; antenna ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Electrical responses of the whole antenna (electroantennogram) and that of the single sensillum trichodeum (electrosensillogram) of male moth of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, to their two pheromone components, (Z)- and (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetates, were recorded simultaneously. The configuration characteristics of both responses resemble each other, and demonstrate an interaction between sensilla trichodea. The typical difference in the response pattern between London (Ontario) and New York strains of this moth seems to be a property of the sensillum trichodeum.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 127-138 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): aldrin epoxidase ; column chromatography ; cytochrome P-450 ; house fly ; Musca domestica ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Two forms of phenobarbital-induced cytochrome P-450 were partially purified from the Rutgers diazinon-resistant strain of house fly using cholate solubilization, polyethylene glycol 6000 precipitation, and chromatography on DEAE cellulose. The preparation of highest purity had an absorbance maximum of 452 nm, a specific content of 10.0 nmol/mg protein, and an apparent molecular weight of 60,000 when examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide electrophoresis. The yield of the highly purified cytochrome P-450 was 2-3%. This form contained proportionately less cytochrome P-420 than the original cholate solubilized microsomes, and is thus apparently more stable. A second form of cytochrome P-450 having a specific content of 0.50-0.89 nmol/mg protein was eluted from DEAE cellulose with a 0-0.25 M salt gradient. This is consistent with a previously reported elution pattern for Emulgen 913-solubilized house fly microsomes. Several methods of solubilizing house fly microsomes were examined. High salt, 2M KCI, in the absence of detergents effectively solubilized cytochrome P-450 (50-70% recovery) with little or no conversion to cytochrome P-(420).
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 17-24 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): juvadecene ; juvenile hormone mimic ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A compound with significant insect juvenile hormone activity was isolated from the plant, Macropiper excelsum. The chemical structure was determined by spectral methods to be 1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-trans-3-decene(l), and confirmed by synthesis. The hormonally active substance applied topically to last (fifth)-instar nymphs of the milkweed bug (Oncopeltus fasciatus) induced a supernumerary metamorphosis at 30 μg. Higher doses were toxic.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 1-15 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): Stomoxys calcitrans ; mannosyl transferase ; stable fly ; glycosyl transferase ; dolicholphosphate ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Particulate fractions (10,000g) from pupae of Stomoxys calcitrans transfer [14C]-mannose from GDP-[14C]-mannose to dolichol monophosphate and proteins. Production of the mannosyl lipid was inhibited by Mn2+, UDP, GMP, GDP, and EDTA. The insect growth regulator diflubenzuron had no effect on mannosyl transferase activity. Dolichol monophosphate and Mg2+ stimulated mannosyl transferase activity. The mannosyl lipid product was identified as mannosyl-phosphoryl-dolichol (Man-P-Dol). The apparent Km and Vmax values for the formation of Man-P-Dol using GDP-[14C]-Man while holding dolichol phosphate constant were 2.4 ± 0.9 μM and 9.4 ± 2.3 pmol Man-P-Dol·min-1·mg-1 protein, respectively. The apparent Km and Vmax values using dólichol phosphate while holding GDP-Man constant were 2.2 ± 1.2 μM and 18.5 ± 1.7 pmol Man-P-Dol·min-1·mg-1 protein.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 167-178 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): oviduct ; muscle ; neurotransmitters ; hormones ; cockroach ; Leucophaea maderae ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The musculature of the oviduct consists of an outer, irregular layer of longitudinal muscle and an inner layer of circular muscle. The four basic modes of activity - compression, segmentation, peristalsis, and reverse peristalsis - were evident in the isolated oviduct. These spontaneous events often occurred in an organized sequence. In fact eggs could be transported down the lateral oviducts by this myogenic activity once the sphincter between the common oviduct and vagina was severed. Myographic recordings were made of only the contractions of the longitudinal muscles.L-glutamate caused a distinct phasic contraction at 2.2 × 10-5 M. The response became larger and more complex as the concentration of the amino acid was increased. Acetylcholine (1.6 × 10-5 M) caused either a phasic or tonic response, or a combination thereof. By contrast, 5HT and tyramine simply increased the frequency of small phasic contractions, although in some preparations both monoamines caused an inhibition. The ecdysones, a juvenile hormone analogue (1 × 10-6 M), and prostaglandin E2 had no effect on oviduct activity.Initially high KCI solutions (162 mM) without Ca++ induced a strong contraction but subsequent additions failed to do so. However, when a high KCI solution (158 mM) with 2 mM Ca++ was added to the preparation the response was partially restored. Also the potent calcium antagonist Mn++ (2mM) can suppress spontaneous activity.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. i 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 139-145 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): insects ; sterols ; Hemiptera ; Pentatomomorpha ; Cimicomorpha ; ecdysteroids ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The sterols of four species of Pentatomomorpha - Oncopeltus fasciatus (Dallas), Nezara viridula (L.), Dysdercus cingulatus (F.), and Podisus maculiventris (Say) - and threé species of Cimicomorpha - Rhodnius prolixus Stal, Arilus cristatus (L), and Cimex lectularius (L.) - were isolated and examined in order to compare neutral sterol utilization and content with the known ecdysteroids of these species. In the phytophagous Pentatomomorpha, O. fasciatus, N. viridula, and D. cingulatus, the low content of cholesterol and the high content of C28 and C29 phytosterols (〈 1% and 〉 99% of the tissue sterols, respectively) indicated that these species are unable to dealkylate the C-24 position of sterols. These insects appear to have adapted to the challenge of both insufficient dietary cholesterol and inability to dealkylate phytosterols by evolving the ability to produce a C28 ecdysteroid (makisterone A). The secondarily predacious P. maculiventris has adequate cholesterol available for C27 ecdysteroid production, but appears to have retained the ecdysteroid biosynthetic pathways of its phytophagous ancestors because it produces a C28 ecdysteroid. Cholesterol was the major sterol of each of the three species of Cimicomorpha, and these insects are only able to produce C27 ecdysteroids.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 147-154 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): Acyrthosiphon pisum ; morphometrics ; precocene ; precocious development ; wing polymorphism ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Maternal treatment with 5 μg of the precocene analogue 7-ethoxy-6-methoxy-2,2-dimethylchromene influenced offspring development in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum. Under conditions favoring the production of apterous offspring, virginoparous aphids produced a significant proportion of alates and precocious adultoids; the precocious adultoids were sterile. The effect of precocene on offspring development was temporary. Some implications of precocene treatment for aphid control are discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 161-166 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): phospholipids ; fatty acids ; C20 polyenoics ; Periplaneta americana ; reproductive tissues ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We present the phospholipid fatty acid compositions, determined by GLC,* of four individual tissues (testes, mushroom glands, conglobate glands, and salivary glands) from adult male cockroaches, P. americana. The testes phospholipids contained higher proportions of palmitic acid than did the exocrine tissues (16% vs about 8%). This was also true for palmitoleic (2.3% vs 0.4-1.3%), oleic (49% vs 30-35%), and linolenic acids (7% vs 0.5-2.8%). Testicular extracts were lower in linoleic acid (16%) than were the exocrine gland extracts (at 40-45%). All four tissues also contained low proportions of several long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids of both omega-3 and omega-6 metabolic families, including C20:3n6, C20:4n6, and C20:5n3. The data suggest that the phospholipid fatty acid profiles of specific tissues differ from each other and from those obtained from whole-insect extracts. The presence of several polyenoics from the n3 and n6 metabolic families is interpreted in the context of complex fatty acid requirements at the tissue level.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 205-205 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 73-83 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): cytochrome P-450 ; hepatocytes ; juvenoids ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The monooxygenase activity of fetal hepatocytes in culture shows a differential response toward juvenile hormone I and analogs. Juvenile hormone I, R-20458, and Methoprene increase the deethyiation of 7-ethoxyresorufin while not affecting or even inhibiting the N-demethylation of p-chloro-N-methylaniline. RO-203600, a 1,3-benzodioxole-containing analog, increases both the deethylase and the N-demethylase, whereas Hydroprene does not affect either activity. The inductive effect with juvenile hormone I is obtained with exposure periods of at least 30 min and is maximum when the concentration of the hormone is 14 μM in the medium. This amount results in the covalent binding to cellular macromolecules of 1.3 × 19-18 moles/cell. The induction requires continuous protein synthesis but RNA synthesis only for a short initial period. It is concluded that juvenile hormone and mimics induce specific cytochrome P-450 species in fetal liver cells even if the culture conditions are not optimal. The toxicological implications of these results are briefly discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 105-120 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): phytosterol dealkylation ; ecdysteroids ; makisterone A ; Heteroptera ; Dysdercus ; gas-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry ; cotton stainer bug ; ecdysone ; 20-hydroxyecdysone ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The absence of phytosterol dealkylation in the cotton stainer bug, Dysdercus fasciatus, has been established and the major ecdysteroid in the fifth-stage larvae identified. The demonstration that the free and esterified sterols in D fasciatus consisted of 95-96% sitosterol and 4-5% campesterol, a similar composition to the cottonseed diet, together with the lack of conversion of [14C]sitosterol into cholesterol, establishes that phytosterol dealkylation does not occur in this insect species. The ecdysteroid titer determined by radioimmunoassay in the fifth instar of D fasciatus shows a distinct peak at day 6, the instar lasting for 7 days. Makisterone A was purified by HPLC from insects at a time of high ecdysteroid titer and identified as a major component by both fast atom bombardment and electron impact mass spectrometry. Gas-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (selected ion monitoring) confirmed the occurrence of makisterone A and revealed the presence of two unidentified compounds. One of these occurs in a similar amount to makisterone A and may be 26-hydroxymakisterone A, whereas only a minute amount of the other compound, which may be 20-deoxymakisterone A, was present; further identification of the latter compounds is necessary. C27 ecdysteroids (eg, ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone) and C29 ecdysteroids (eg, podecdysone A) were undetectable. The specificity of the enzymes of ecdysteroid biosynthesis is discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 155-160 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): hemolysis ; stinging insects ; venoms ; wasps ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The direct hemolytic activities of the venoms from 21 species of stinging insects were determined. The activities spanned 3 1/2 orders of magnitude, ranging from a low of four to a high of 12,000 hemolytic units/mg dry venom, respectively, for the solitary wasp, Dasymutilla lepeletierii, and the social wasp, Polistes infuscatus. The latter activity is the highest reported for any insect venom and represents a level that is potentially harmful to humans stung by the wasp.The social wasps as a group generally possessed highly hemolytic venoms; the ants, poorly hemolytic venoms; and the solitary stinging species, venoms with extremely low activity. For the venoms, hemolytic activity correlated with neither lethal toxicity (LD50) nor algogenicity. This finding suggests that hemolysins alone do not determine venom toxicity, and that the hemolysins of stinging insect venoms serve a variety of poorly understood roles. The range of activity of hemolysins from different venoms indicates they probably have different chemical structures and functions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 191-197 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): Chironomus thummi ; fat body ; heme synthesis ; hemoglobin ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Possible sites of heme synthesis in the fourth instar of Chironomus thummi were investigated by means of autoradiography of specific isotope incorporation. “Body wall” preparations, which include subepidermal and visceral fat body, oenocytes, muscle, epidermis, and cuticle, were cultured for 1 h in a medium containing tritiated-δ-aminolevulinic acid, a specific precursor to heme biosynthesis. Light-microscopic examination of autoradiographs of sections of the body walls indicates that the subepidermal fat body is the major site of incorporation of the precursor into heme. The visceral fat body shows few silver grains. Oenocytes, as well as muscle and epidermis, are characterized by absence of silver deposits. These findings indicate that the subepidermal fat body of Chironomus is the primary site of heme synthesis, and are discussed in relation to specific hemoglobin synthesis.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983) 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 213-223 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): phenoloxidase ; cuticle ; diphenols ; ketocatechols ; Symmerista ; wound healing ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A phenoloxidase has been extracted, purified, and characterized from cuticle of last-instar larvae of the red-humped oakworm, Symmerista cannicosta. It is a typical tyrosinase (EC 1.10.3.1., o-diphenol:O2 oxidoreductase), active toward o-diphenols but not p-diphenols, inhibited by thiourea and phenylthiourea, with a pH optimum between 6.0 and 7.2. In these respects it resembles enzyme A of C. vicina, one of the few species from which this presumed wound healing enzyme has been purified and characterized.Hydrolysis of either exuviae or intact cuticle from last instar larvae yielded a number of ketocatechols of which the most abundant, 2-hydroxy, 3′,4′-dihydroxyacetophenone, represented 2.9% of the dry weight of head capsule exuviae, 0.3% of exuviae from the remainder of the body, and 4.6% of the dry weight of head capsule cuticle from previously frozen intact larvae. Differences in the type and amount of ketocatechol recovered from these cuticles are described.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 267-280 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): inhibitory probes ; mitochondrial ATPase ; inhibition kinetics ; relative potency ; joint action ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Chemical inhibitors were used as probes of mitochondrial ATPase to determine the site of action of DDT on oligomycin-sensitive mitochondrial ATPase (OS-ATPase) using whole mitochondria isolated from red coxal muscle of the American cockroach. Several plotting procedures were employed to delineate the form of inhibition. Relative potency and joint action were used to detect similar action, synergism, and antagonism between DDT and the inhibitory probes DCCD, Nbf-CI, and oligomycin. DDT demonstrated not (strictly) competitive kinetics and may be acting as an uncompetitive inhibitor. DDT and DCCD produced similar additive action. At limiting concentrations of DCCD, inhibition was reduced in the presence of DDT. Effects shown by oligomycin were not altered by DDT. DDT enhanced the effects of Nbf-CI. These interactions, together with the demonstration of not (strictly) competitive kinetics, indicate that DDT may be acting on the membrane sector as an allosteric modifier.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 93-103 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): glutamate ; insect ; δ-philanthotoxin ; iontophoresis ; visceral muscle ; Locusta migratoria ; proctolin ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: 1) lontophoretic application of L-glutamate was employed to study the distribution of glutamate receptors in the superior longitudinal (SL) muscles of the locust (Locusta migratoria) hindgut, in which spontaneous activity was inhibited using normal saline containing 5 mM MgCl2. 2) Junctional glutamate potentials with a rise time of 50-100 ms (peak) and a decay time of 250-400 ms were recorded at localized sites using ejection pulses in the range 5-10 nC. Most active sites were found in interfiber clefts and were spaced at about 250-300 μm intervals. 3) Desensitization of glutamate receptors occurred using ejection frequencies 〉 0.2 Hz. Desensitization could be irreversibly blocked using the lectin concanavalin A. 4) Depolarizing (D-) and biphasic depolarizing/hyperpofarizing (DH -) extrajunctional glutamate potentials were observed using ejection pulses 〉 15 nC. 5) δ-Philanthotoxin (δ-PTX) at concentrations 〉 0.3 Uml-1 inhibited junctional glutamate potentials in a dose-dependent manner, 50% inhibition was achieved using 0.45 Uml-1 δ-PTX. 6) Subthreshold concentrations of proctolin (up to 5 × 10-10M) had no visible effect on glutamate potentials, suggesting that proctolin possibly does not act by modulating glutamate activity. 7) It is proposed that glutamate plays a transmitter role in SL muscles, while the role of proctolin is still unclear.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 207-211 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): bithorax ; Drosophila ; fatty acids ; homeotic mutations ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Three bithorax alleles of Drosophila melanogaster were tested to determine if dietary additions of fatty acids would alter their gene expression. For the bx1 allele, myristic, oleic, and linoleic acids were all effective in reducing gene expression while fatty acid supplementation was ineffective with the bx3 and bx34e alleles. For bx1 the nutritionally sensitive period was found to occur in the first 48 h of larval life.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 243-250 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): Drosophila ; holidic diet ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; sequential generation rearing ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Wild-type Drosophila melanogaster were axenically raised on a completely synthetic fatty acid-free diet for at least ten consecutive generations, confirming that these insects do not require dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids. Capillary column gas-chromatographic analysis of lipids extracted from adults reared on yeast medium showed a peak which cochromatographed with linoleic acid, representing about 1.2% and 0.15% of all fatty acids in phospholipids and triacylglycerols, respectively. In flies reared on the synthetic diet for one generation or for five or more generations, the linoleic acid peak was still present but in about tenfold lower proportions of total fatty acids. This was true of both phospholipid and triglyceride fractions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1983), S. 25-31 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Schlagwort(e): honeybees ; pollens ; sterols ; field sites ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Sterols from pollen collected by foraging honeybees, Apis mellifera L, at seven field sites were compared with the sterols of foraging adults and/or prepupae collected from colonies at each site. Invariably, the composition of prepupal sterols was comparable to that found in previous cage studies using chemically defined diets containing various dietary sterols: 24-methyl-enecholesterol was the major sterol; sitosterol and isofucosterol were present in lesser, but significant amounts; and a trace amount of cholesterol was identified in each sample. This occurred even though some of the pollen sterols contained little 24-methylenecholesterol, sitosterol, or isofucosterol and a preponderance of certain other sterols, such as δ7-stigmasten-3β-ol and δ7,24(28)-campestadien-3β-ol in goldenrod and corn pollens, respectively. Thus the selective transfer and utilization of sterols in honeybees that have been demonstrated in cage studies with artificial diets were also shown to occur under field conditions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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