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  • Articles  (3)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (3)
  • Animals
  • Chemical Engineering
  • adaptation
  • temperature
  • 1985-1989  (3)
  • Ethnic Sciences  (3)
  • Geography
  • Mathematics
  • Technology
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three hundred years of Taungya: A sustainable system of forestry in south China (1988)
    Springer
    Human ecology 16 (1988), S. 361-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Keywords: adaptation ; China ; forestry ; land use ; minorities ; taungya
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Abstract Taungya is a system of forest management in which land is cleared and planted initially to food crops. Seedlings of desirable tree species are then planted on the same plot, leading in time to a harvestable stand of timber. Taungya is believed to have been developed by the British in Burma during the nineteenth century. Historical research indicates that successional systems of forest management which follow the pattern of taungya have been used for at least three centuries by ethnic minorities in and by the Han population. The resilience of these systems is associated with economic and social factors which have made the cultivation of trees an adaptive strategy of land use for the inhabitants of the highlands of southern China.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00891648
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cultural and genetic adaptations to malaria: Problems of comparison (1986)
    Springer
    Human ecology 14 (1986), S. 311-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Keywords: adaptation ; malaria ; Sardinia ; thalassemia ; G-6-Pd deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Abstract The concept of adaptation has been used differently in studies of biological and cultural evolution, and this divergence raises the question of whether genetic and cultural adaptations are truly comparable. This paper compares genetic and cultural traits associated with endemic malaria in Sardinia, Italy. Thalassemia and G-6-Pd deficiency, two genetic traits of the Island's population, are believed to enhance fitness against malaria, despite increased risk for the diseases of thalassemia major and favism. Two cultural traits, a pastoral pattern of inverse transhumance and rules limiting the geographical mobility of lowland women, limited exposure to the malaria vector, Anopheles labranchiae; these are used as examples of cultural adaptations. The distribution, costs, and benefits of the adaptive cultural and genetic traits are compared, and the theoretical difficulties of finding a common measure of adaptive value are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00889033
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bicultural oscillation as a long-term adaptation to cultural frontiers: Cases and questions (1985)
    Springer
    Human ecology 13 (1985), S. 411-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Keywords: adaptation ; cyclical change ; cultural boundary ; versatility ; nomadism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Abstract Comparison of two nomadic peoples, one pastoral, the other food-collecting, reveals that rapid bicultural oscillation of both is an adaptation to their multizoned environments. One may speak of their being flexible in the face of temporally variable environmental hazards and opportunities. For each people, the more nomadic of their two cultures is associated with norms of propriety, the more sedentary one entails what Freilich calls “smart norms.” It is argued that this complementation gives both cultures continuing appeal, thereby facilitating rapid change. A major difference between decisionmaking mechanisms in the two cases underscores that we treat a system type in a very abstract sense. Other, possibly similar cases are noted from ethnographic literature. A formal theory is put forward concerning the tendency of people under certain conditions to develop oscillating biculturalism. Such rapidly oscillating systems are proposed to have a biological analogue in versatile acclimatizers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01531153
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