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  • Articles  (5,053)
  • Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press  (5,053)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  • Springer  (5,053)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • Economics  (5,053)
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  • Articles  (5,053)
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  • Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press  (5,053)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses
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  • Springer  (5,053)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 1
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    Simulating Indonesian fuel subsidy reform: a social accounting matrix analysis (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: The debate over phasing out fuel subsidies in Indonesia is quite intense. Recent studies pointed out an unfair distribution of subsidies. Besides this, the burden of fuel subsidies to Indonesian government is expected to increasingly continue in parallel with rising fuel consumption as well as international oil prices. However, recent experiences indicated that phasing out the fuel subsidy could potentially result in adverse effects in the economy. Then, the need for comprehensive economy-wide analyses in order to reveal diverse impacts of these subsidies, has emerged. The main objective of this study is to estimate the impacts of fuel subsidies from the economic, social, and environmental perspective, and to propose policy options for a subsidy reform. For this purpose, a social accounting matrix model is employed to simulate the impact analysis. Scenarios including reallocation of subsidy to either other sectors (sectoral subsidy) or income groups (target subsidy) are simulated and the social, economic and environmental impacts of these scenarios are presented. The results show that reallocation of fuel subsidy to other sectors will be able to positively increase the overall economic development, while compromising environmental aspects. The direct reallocation of subsidy to the low income households, on the other hand, will slow down overall economic development but show a positive result for social welfare.
    Print ISSN: 0254-5330
    Electronic ISSN: 1572-9338
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
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    Bayesian decision support for complex systems with many distributed experts (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-12
    Description: Complex decision support systems often consist of component modules which, encoding the judgements of panels of domain experts, describe a particular sub-domain of the overall system. Ideally these modules need to be pasted together to provide a comprehensive picture of the whole process. The challenge of building such an integrated system is that, whilst the overall qualitative features are common knowledge to all, the explicit forecasts and their associated uncertainties are only expressed individually by each panel, resulting from its own analysis. The structure of the integrated system therefore needs to facilitate the coherent piecing together of these separate evaluations. If such a system is not available there is a serious danger that this might drive decision makers to incoherent and so indefensible policy choices. In this paper we develop a graphically based framework which embeds a set of conditions, consisting of the agreement usually made in practice of certain probability and utility models, that, if satisfied in a given context, are sufficient to ensure the composite system is truly coherent. Furthermore, we develop new message passing algorithms entailing the transmission of expected utility scores between the panels, that enable the uncertainties within each module to be fully accounted for in the evaluation of the available alternatives in these composite systems.
    Print ISSN: 0254-5330
    Electronic ISSN: 1572-9338
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
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  • 3
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    Incorporating neighborhood reduction for the solution of the planar p -median problem (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-13
    Description: Two efficient neighborhood reduction schemes are proposed for the solution of the p -median problem on the plane. Their integration into a local search significantly reduces the run time with an insignificant deterioration in the quality of the solution. For completeness this fast local search is also embedded into one of the most powerful metaheuristic algorithms, which is a combination of a genetic algorithm and a new improvement algorithm, recently developed for this continuous location problem. Excellent results for instances with up to 1060 demand points with various values of p are reported. Eight new best known solutions for ten instances of a large problem with 3038 demand points and up to 500 facilities are also found.
    Print ISSN: 0254-5330
    Electronic ISSN: 1572-9338
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
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  • 4
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    Stochastic models for unit-load operations in warehouse systems with autonomous vehicles (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-30
    Description: This paper presents stochastic models for multi-tier warehouse systems that handle unit load transactions using autonomous vehicle-based technology. In this system, self-powered autonomous vehicles carry out unit-load transactions by moving along rails within a tier and using lifts or conveyors for vertical movement between tiers. We develop semi-open queuing network models to evaluate congestion effects in processing storage and retrieval transactions in this system. The queuing network is evaluated using a decomposition-based approach. The queuing model provides design insights on the effect of vehicle interference and vertical transfer mechanism on various system performance measures of interest. Insights from such studies can be especially useful during the conceptualization stage of warehouses that use autonomous vehicle technology.
    Print ISSN: 0254-5330
    Electronic ISSN: 1572-9338
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
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  • 5
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    Continuous material flow systems: analysis of marine ports handling bulk materials (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-30
    Description: Continuous material flow systems operating in bulk port marine terminals give rise to networks of mineral flows through nodes experiencing random stoppages. Material arrives at the system via trains and departs from the system via ships. Operational aspects of the material flow are quite varied and complicated. Therefore, a decomposition approximation method is proposed to study the steady-state behavior of the system to produce performance measures such as the long run pile levels, down time probabilities and the system throughput. Pseudo failure and repair rates of the subsystems are obtained and the subsystems are studied within an iterative algorithm. Numerical examples are provided.
    Print ISSN: 0254-5330
    Electronic ISSN: 1572-9338
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
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  • 6
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    The Rouble Crisis and Russian Wheat Export Controls (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: The Russian government implemented a wheat export tax in February 2015 to reduce food inflationary pressures resulting from the rouble’s dramatic devaluation. This article discusses the causes of the rouble’s instability and volatility, and the effects of the export controls on domestic wheat and bread prices. Although such export taxes are appealing to governments due to their low financial costs, we show that their economic costs are substantial in the long run. We suggest desisting from such trade-oriented measures and instead helping consumers adapt to high food prices.
    Print ISSN: 0020-5346
    Electronic ISSN: 1613-964X
    Topics: Economics
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
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    The Future of the European Power Market (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: The European power market is undergoing significant changes. The EU has set an ambitious goal of reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by 40 per cent by 2030. This will require significant investment in renewable energy sources such as wind and photovoltaics as well as measured policies to deal with the fluctuating capacity offered by these renewables. The integration of national power systems into a single European system would provide huge benefits in smoothing such fluctuations, enabling the EU power market to further increase its reliance on renewables. Current power generators and government regulators will inevitably face challenges adapting to the new market environment, but experience from other countries and regions could provide useful guidance.
    Print ISSN: 0020-5346
    Electronic ISSN: 1613-964X
    Topics: Economics
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  • 8
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    Income Inequality, Credit and Public Support for Redistribution (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Credit affects individuals’ perceptions and experiences of inequality. Having access to credit enables those in lower- and middle-income groups to consume an array of products and services that they otherwise would not be able to afford, thereby taking the edge off discontent. Citizens with higher incomes who tend to be less supportive of redistribution in the first place may be further convinced that inequality is not a major issue and redistribution need not be a policy goal. All in all, credit may help smooth out class and status differences. This article looks at the impact of credit on citizens’ support for redistributive policies. Controlling for a set of national and individual level variables, the findings show a negative association between credit use and public support for redistribution.
    Print ISSN: 0020-5346
    Electronic ISSN: 1613-964X
    Topics: Economics
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  • 9
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    Emerging production optimization issues in supply chain systems (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Today’s business environment is very different from that of the past. New and innovative measures need to be found in order to optimize production and operations management in supply chain systems. Several emerging issues, such as risk and uncertainty management, environmental sustainability, optimal strategies under competition, sophisticated incentive alignment schemes, and optimal operations with strategic consumer behaviors, are critical to the success of modern supply chain management. This introduction provides a concise review of these critical research issues and introduces the related papers featured in this special volume.
    Print ISSN: 0254-5330
    Electronic ISSN: 1572-9338
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
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  • 10
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    Quantitative Easing in the Euro Area: Transmission Channels and Risks (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: The ECB’s recently launched Expanded Asset Purchasing Programme is similar to the quantitative easing programmes undertaken by the US Federal Reserve, the Bank of England and the Bank of Japan. While theory suggests that quantitative easing can stimulate economic growth and spur inflation via several transmission channels, the empirical evidence is ambiguous and does not support strong stimulating effects, in particular for the current situation in the euro area. In addition, there are various risks and unintended consequences that may materialise in the medium or long run.
    Print ISSN: 0020-5346
    Electronic ISSN: 1613-964X
    Topics: Economics
    Published by Springer
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