ALBERT

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The papers in this book review and partly summarise the present state of knowledge concerning the Caledonides of the British Isles--broadly the history of geological events from about 700 to 400 million years ago including events in the type area of Caledonia, Scotland. Many of the papers report new work and the volume is a contribution to the study of the Caledonide orogenic belt that was originally continuous from Scandinavia through Britain and Ireland to N America. The papers arose from a conference organised by the Irish and British working groups of the Caledonide Orogen Project 27 (International Geological Correlation Programme). The conference was held under the aegis of The Royal Society of London, The Royal Irish Academy, The Geological Society of London, The Royal Dublin Society and The Royal Society of Edinburgh. It was generously sponsored by The Royal Society of London and by the following industrial organisations to whom the working groups wish to express their sincere appreciation.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preface The proposal that ophiolites are on-land fragments of oceanic lithosphere has been with us for over 20 years and has been widely accepted by the Earth Sciences' community. Despite this, many oceanographers are reluctant to use ophiolite data. Their argument (and it comes largely from the geological rather than geophysical oceanographers) is that 'Even if ophiolites are on-land fragments of oceanic lithosphere, they must be atypical for otherwise they would have been subducted and not obducted'. So they conclude that, although the study of ophiolites is perfectly acceptable in its own right, its results should not be used in the investigation of present-day, in-situ oceanic lithosphere--i.e, the invoking of 'reversed uniformitarianism' is not acceptable. However using uniformitarian principles to interpret ophiolites from present-day oceanic lithosphere studies is equally problematical for (i) petrological/geochemical studies of ocean-floor rocks are based on widely spaced boreholes of limited depth and dredge-haul sampling, (ii) geophysical data can only detect large-scale phenomena and are open to various interpretations, and (iii) direct observations from submersibles are still very limited. Such circumstances should have drawn the two groups of workers closer together.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. Introduction --- Robin Nicholson: Caledonian correlations: Britain and Scandinavia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:3-18, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.01 --- Anthony K. Higgins and W. E. Adrian Phillips: East Greenland Caledonides—an extension of the British Caledonides / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:19-32, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.02 --- M. J. Kennedy: The continuation of the Canadian Appalachians into the Caledonides of Britain and Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:33-64, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.03 --- 2. Basement-Cover Relationships: Map: Basement-Cover Relationships / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:67-91, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.04 --- David Bamford: Seismic constraints on the deep geology of the Caledonides of northern Britain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:93-96, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.06 --- Ian S. Sanders: Observations on eclogite- and granulite-facies rocks in the basement of the Caledonides / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:97-100, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.07 --- Paul A. Rathbone and Anthony L. Harris: Basement-cover relationships at Lewisian inliers in the Moine rocks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:101-107, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.08 --- Derek Flinn, P. L. Frank, Maureen Brook, and I. R. Pringle: Basement-cover relations in Shetland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:109-115, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.09 --- G. S. Johnstone, Jane Plant, and Janet V. Watson: Regional geochemistry of the Northern Highlands of Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:117-128, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.10 --- Martin Brewer, Maureen Brook, and Derek Powell: Dating of the tectono-metamorphic history of the southwestern Moine, Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:129-137, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.11 --- M. A. J. Piasecki and O. van Breemen: The ‘Central Highland Granulites’: cover-basement tectonics in the Moine / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:139-144, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.12 --- Donald M. Ramsay and Brian A. Sturt: The status of the Banff nappe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:145-151, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.13 --- Charles Barry Long and Bruce William Yardley: The distribution of pre-Caledonian basement in the Ox Mountains inlier, Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:153-156, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.14 --- P. S. Kennan, W. E. A. Phillips, and P. Strogen: Pre-Caledonian basement to the paratectonic Caledonides in Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:157-161, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.15 --- 3. Tectonics --- M. R. W. Johnson, D. J. Sanderson, and N. J. Soper: Deformation in the Caledonides of England, Ireland and Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:163-186, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.17 --- M. P. Coward and A. W. B. Siddans: The tectonic evolution of the Welsh Caledonides / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:187-198, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.18 --- J. L. Roberts and J. E. Treagus: Stratigraphical and structural correlation between the Dalradian rocks of the SW and Central Highlands of Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:199-204, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.19 --- Peter R. Thomas: New evidence for a Central Highland Root Zone / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:205-211, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.20 --- H. J. Bradbury, A. L. Harris, and R. A. Smith: Geometry and emplacement of nappes in the Central Scottish Highlands / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:213-220, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.21 --- Ben Harte: The Tarfside succession and the structure and stratigraphy of the eastern Scottish Dalradian rocks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:221-228, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.22 --- Graham J. Borradaile: Pre-tectonic reconstruction of the Islay anticline: implications for the depositional history of Dalradian rocks in the SW Highlands / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:229-238, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.23 --- D. H. W. Hutton: Dalradian structure in the Creeslough area, NW Donegal, Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:239-241, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.24 --- Peter William Geoffrey Tanner and Robert Milner Shackleton: Structure and stratigraphy of the Dalradian rocks of the Bennabeola area, Connemara, Eire / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:243-256, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.25 --- W. E. A. Phillips, A. M. Flegg, and T. B. Anderson: Strain adjacent to the Iapetus suture in Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:257-262, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.26 --- T. B. Anderson and T. D. J. Cameron: A structural profile of Caledonian deformation in Down / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:263-267, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.27 --- Martin H. Eales: Structure of the Southern Uplands of Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:269-273, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.28 --- Thomas J. Kelly and Michael D. Max: A strain section across part of the Caledonian orogen in W Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:275-280, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.29 --- Patrick M. Shannon: The tectonic evolution of the lower Palaeozoic rocks of extreme SE Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:281-285, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.30 --- Lindsay M. Parson: The state of strain adjacent to the Great Glen fault / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:287-289, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.31 --- J. R. Mendum: Caledonian thrusting in NW Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:291-297, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.32 --- Robert Milner Shackleton: The British Caledonides: comments and summary / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:299-304, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.33 --- 4. Metamorphism --- D. J. Fettes: A metamorphic map of the British and Irish Caledonides / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:305-321, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.35 --- Ben Harte and Neil F. C. Hudson: Pelite facies series and the temperatures and pressures of Dalradian metamorphism in E Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:323-337, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.36 --- P. R. A. Wells and S. W. Richardson: Thermal evolution of metamorphic rocks in the Central Highlands of Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:339-344, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.37 --- J. A. Winchester and K. H. Whittles: The pattern of three-dimensional metamorphism in the Killin area, Inverness-shire: a direct method of determining the thickness of metamorphic zones in the Caledonides / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:345-349, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.38 --- Harry J. Bradbury: Migmatisation, deformation and porphyroblast growth in the Dalradian of Tayside, Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:351-356, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.39 --- J. R. Ashworth: Textural and mineralogical evolution of migmatites / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:357-361, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.40 --- R. St J. Lambert, J. A. Winchester, and J. G. Holland: Time, space and intensity relationships of the Precambrian and lower Palaeozoic metamorphisms of the Scottish Highlands / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:363-367, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.41 --- Bruce W. D. Yardley, C. Barry Long, and Michael D. Max: Patterns of metamorphism in the Ox Mountains and adjacent parts of Western Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:369-374, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.42 --- B. P. Atkin: Oxide-sulphide-silicate mineral phase relations in some thermally metamorphosed graphitic pelites from Co. Donegal, Eire / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:375-384, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.43 --- 5. Floras and Faunas --- C. H. Holland and C. P. Hughes: Evolving life of the developing Caledonides / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:385-403, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.45 --- D. Edwards: The early history of vascular plants based on late Silurian and early Devonian floras of the British Isles / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:405-410, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.46 --- D. L. Dineley and E. J. Loeffler: Early vertebrates and the Caledonian earth movements / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:411-414, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.47 --- S. G. Molyneux: New evidence for the age of the Manx Group, Isle of Man / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:415-421, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.48 --- David G. Smith: The distribution of trilete spores in Irish Silurian rocks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:423-431, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.49 --- R. J. Aldridge, K. J. Dorning, P. J. Hill, J. B. Richardson, and D. J. Siveter: Microfossil distribution in the Silurian of Britain and Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:433-438, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.50 --- D. A. T. Harper: The environmental significance of some faunal changes in the Upper Ardmillan succession (upper Ordovician), Girvan, Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:439-445, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.51 --- A. T. Thomas: Trilobite associations in the British Wenlock / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:447-451, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.52 --- C. R. C. Paul: Caledonian echinoderms of the British Isles / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:453-456, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.53 --- T. N. Koren’ and R. B. Rickards: Extinction of the graptolites / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:457-466, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.54 --- 6. Stratigraphy and Sedimentology --- C. H. Holland, G. Kelling, and E. K. Walton: O. T. Jones and after: A multitude of models / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:467-481, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.56 --- R. Anderton: Slopes, submarine fans, and syn-depositional faults: sedimentology of parts of the Middle and Upper Dalradian in the SW Highlands of Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:483-488, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.57 --- D.R. Cook and J.A. Weir: Stratigraphy of the aureole of the Cairnsmore of Fleet pluton, southwest Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:489-493, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.58 --- J. K. Leggett: Oceanic sediments from the Ordovician of the Southern Uplands / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:495-498, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.59 --- J. K. Leggett, W. S. McKerrow, J. H. Morris, G. J. H. Oliver, and W. E. A. Phillips: The north-western margin of the Iapetus Ocean / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:499-512, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.60 --- J. H. Morris: Lower Palaeozoic soft-sediment deformation structures in the western end of the Longford-Down inlier, Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:513-516, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.61 --- R. Cave: Sedimentary environments of the basinal Llandovery of mid-Wales / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:517-526, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.62 --- John C. W. Cope: Early history of the southern margin of the Tywi anticline in the Carmarthen area, South Wales / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:527-532, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.63 --- P. M. Brück, P. R. R. Gardiner, T. J. Reeves, P. M. Shannon, J. R. J. Colthurst, M. Feely, S. R. Penney, D. G. Smith, and M. Vanguestaine: South-east Ireland: Lower Palaeozoic stratigraphy and depositional history / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:533-544, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.64 --- H. Carlisle: Ordovician stratigraphy of the Tramore area, County Waterford, with a revised Ordovician correlation for south-east Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:545-554, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.65 --- 7. Volcanism --- C.J. Stillman and E.H. Francis: Caledonide volcanism in Britain and Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:555-577, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.67 --- R.S. Thorpe: Late Precambrian igneous activity in Southern Britain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:579-584, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.68 --- M.D. Max and C.B. Long: Basic volcanic rocks in the Dalradian of Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:585-589, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.69 --- B. P. Kokelaar: Tremadoc to Llanvirn volcanism on the southeast side of the Harlech dome (Rhobell Fawr), N Wales / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:591-596, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.70 --- P. N. Dunkley: Ordovician volcanicity of the SE Harlech dome / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:597-601, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.71 --- R. E. Bevins and R. A. Roach: Early Ordovician volcanism in Dyfed, SW Wales / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:603-609, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.72 --- M. F. Howells, B. E. Leveridge, R. Addison, C. D. R. Evans, and M. J. C. Nutt: The Capel Curig Volcanic Formation, Snowdonia, North Wales; variations in ash-flow tuffs related to emplacement environment / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:611-618, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.73 --- M. J. C. Nutt, P. R. Ineson, and J. G. Mitchell: The age of mineralisation at Parys Mountain, Anglesey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:619-627, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.74 --- David Millward: Ignimbrite volcanism in the Ordovician Borrowdale volcanics of the English Lake District / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:629-634, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.75 --- W. J. French, M. D. Hassan, and J. Westcott: The petrogenesis of Old Red Sandstone volcanic rocks of the western Ochils, Stirlingshire / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:635-642, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.76 --- 8. Plutonism --- G. C. Brown: Geochemical and geophysical constraints on the origin and evolution of Caledonian granites / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:643-651, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.78 --- A. N. Halliday, M. Aftalion, O. van Breemen, and J. Jocelyn: Petrogenetic significance of Rb-Sr and U-Pb isotopic systems in the 400 Ma old British Isles granitoids and their hosts / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:653-661, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.79 --- G. S. Johnstone, J. Plant, and J. V. Watson: Caledonian granites in relation to regional geochemistry in northern Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:663-667, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.80 --- D. Wilson and J. Shepherd: The Carn Chuinneag granite and its aureole / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:669-675, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.81 --- Ian Parsons: The Assynt alkaline suite / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:677-681, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.82 --- D. I. Smith: Caledonian minor intrusions of the N Highlands of Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:683-697, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.83 --- A. E. Wright and D. R. Bowes: Geochemistry of the appinite suite / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:699-704, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.84 --- Padhraig S. Kennan: Plutonic rocks in the Irish Caledonides / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:705-711, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.85 --- R. Elsdon and P. S. Kennan: Geochemistry of Irish granites / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:713-716, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.86 --- I. G. Meighan and J. C. Neeson: The Newry igneous complex, County Down / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:717-722, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.87 --- M. D. Max, A. Ploquin, and J. Sonet: The age of the Saltees granite in the Rosslare complex / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:723-725, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.88 --- M. J. C. Nutt: The Haweswater complex / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:727-733, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.89 --- Erratum --- Erratum: Pelite facies series and the temperatures and pressures of Dalradian metamorphism in E Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 8:ERR, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1979.008.01.90