ALBERT

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. '1pctCo2' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.1 1pctCo2 (6.1 1 percent per year CO2) - Version 1: Idealized 1% per year increase in atmospheric CO2 to quadrupling. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. historicalMisc is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc . Used forcings in individual ensemble runs (see attached addinfo for more information): r[1-5]i1p1 - Ant: anthropogenic forcing (AA anthropogenic aerosols - a mixture of aerosols, not explicitly defined here; Oz - tropospheric and stratospheric ozone; GHG - well-mixed greenhouse gases, a mixture, not explicitly defined here); r[1-5]i1p2 - NoOz: all forcings except tropospheric and stratospheric ozone concentrations fixed; r[1-5]i1p3 - NoAA: all forcings except anthropogenic aerosols (AA) and the indirect effect of AA on snow albedo; r[1-5]i1p4 - AA: anthropogenic aerosols (AA) including the indirect effect of AA on snow albedo; r[1-5]i1p5 - AntNoAA: the same as NoAA (AA is fixed at preindustrial levels), except that AA emissions are allowed to vary in the Asian region [10S to 45N x 65E to 150E]; r[1-5]i1p6 - VI: volcanic forcing only.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'sstClim' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.2a sstClim (6.2a Control SST Climatology) - Version 1: AMIP-style experiment with control run climatological SSTs and sea ice. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'sstClimAerosol' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.4a sstClimAerosol (6.4a all aerosol forcing) - Version 1: AMIP-style experiment with control run climatological SSTs and sea ice (as in expt. 6.2a) but with aerosols consistent with conditions in year 2000 of the historical run (expt. 3.2) Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'abrupt4xco2' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.3 abrupt4xco2 (6.3 Abrupt 4XCO2) - Version 1: Impose an instantaneous quadrupling of CO2, then hold fixed. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'sstClim' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.2a sstClim (6.2a Control SST Climatology) - Version 1: AMIP-style experiment with control run climatological SSTs and sea ice. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. '1pctCo2' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.1 1pctCo2 (6.1 1 percent per year CO2) - Version 1: Idealized 1% per year increase in atmospheric CO2 to quadrupling. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. midHolocene is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. midHolocene (3.4 mid-Holocene) - Version 2: Consistent with PMIP (Paleo Model Intercomparison Project) specifications. Impose Mid-Holocene (6 kyrs ago) conditions including Orbital parameters and Atmospheric concentrations of well-mixed greenhouse gasses. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc .

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'amip' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 3.3 amip (3.3 AMIP) - Version 1: AMIP (1979 - at least 2008). Impose SSTs and sea ice from observations but with other conditions as in experiment 3.2 historical. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'historicalNat' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 7.1 historicalNat (7.1 natural-only historical simulation) - Version 1: Historical simulation but with natural forcing only. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'abrupt4xco2' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.3 abrupt4xco2 (6.3 Abrupt 4XCO2) - Version 1: Impose an instantaneous quadrupling of CO2, then hold fixed. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'rcp45' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - Version 1: Future projection (2006-2100) forced by RCP4.5. RCP4.5 is a representative concentration pathway which approximately results in a radiative forcing of 4.5 W m-2 at year 2100, relative to pre-industrial conditions. RCPs are time-dependent, consistent projections of emissions and concentrations of radiatively active gases and particles. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. historicalExt is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 7.4 historicalExt (7.4 Historical Extension) - Version 1: Extend the CMIP5 historical runs to the near-present (as we have for AMIP), rather than ending them in 2005. Simulations extended to at least the end of 2012 using some estimate of recent and future forcing. Groups are free to use whatever concentrations, solar forcing, SO2 emissions etc. they want to use in extending these runs. It is recommended that if an ensemble of "all-forcings" historical simulations have been run, then *each* member of the ensemble should be carried to the end of 2012. If some other forcing is used or if the run is an RCP run that is truncated after a few years, then the run should be considered a "historical extension" experiment with its output placed in a directory named historicalExt. For these historicalExt experiments, the ensemble member (designated by the "rip" value appearing in the filename and recorded as netCDF global attributes) will be identical to the historical run it extends. List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc .

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'amip' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 3.3 amip (3.3 AMIP) - Version 1: AMIP (1979 - at least 2008). Impose SSTs and sea ice from observations but with other conditions as in experiment 3.2 historical. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. piControl is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 3.1 piControl (3.1 Pre-Industrial Control) - Version 1: Pre-Industrial coupled atmosphere/ocean control run. Imposes non-evolving pre-industrial conditions. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc .

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. historicalExt is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 7.4 historicalExt (7.4 Historical Extension) - Version 1: Extend the CMIP5 historical runs to the near-present (as we have for AMIP), rather than ending them in 2005. Simulations extended to at least the end of 2012 using some estimate of recent and future forcing. Groups are free to use whatever concentrations, solar forcing, SO2 emissions etc. they want to use in extending these runs. It is recommended that if an ensemble of "all-forcings" historical simulations have been run, then *each* member of the ensemble should be carried to the end of 2012. If some other forcing is used or if the run is an RCP run that is truncated after a few years, then the run should be considered a "historical extension" experiment with its output placed in a directory named historicalExt. For these historicalExt experiments, the ensemble member (designated by the "rip" value appearing in the filename and recorded as netCDF global attributes) will be identical to the historical run it extends. List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc .

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical) - Version 1: Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Impose changing conditions (consistent with observations). Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical) - Version 1: Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Impose changing conditions (consistent with observations). Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'sstClim4xco2' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.2b sstClim4xco2 (6.2b SST Climatology With 4XCO2 Forcing) - Version 1: AMIP-style experiment with control run climatological SSTs and sea ice (as in 6.2a) but with quadrupled 4XCO2 imposed. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. piControl is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 3.1 piControl (3.1 Pre-Industrial Control) - Version 1: Pre-Industrial coupled atmosphere/ocean control run. Imposes non-evolving pre-industrial conditions. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc .

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. '1pctCo2' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.1 1pctCo2 (6.1 1 percent per year CO2) - Version 1: Idealized 1% per year increase in atmospheric CO2 to quadrupling. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'sstClim4xco2' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.2b sstClim4xco2 (6.2b SST Climatology With 4XCO2 Forcing) - Version 1: AMIP-style experiment with control run climatological SSTs and sea ice (as in 6.2a) but with quadrupled 4XCO2 imposed. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. "historicalGHG" is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 7.2 historicalGHG (7.2 GHG-only historical) - Version 1: Historical simulation but with greenhouse gas forcing only. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. piControl is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 3.1 piControl (3.1 Pre-Industrial Control) - Version 1: Pre-Industrial coupled atmosphere/ocean control run. Imposes non-evolving pre-industrial conditions. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc .

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'rcp45' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - Version 1: Future projection (2006-2100) forced by RCP4.5. RCP4.5 is a representative concentration pathway which approximately results in a radiative forcing of 4.5 W m-2 at year 2100, relative to pre-industrial conditions. RCPs are time-dependent, consistent projections of emissions and concentrations of radiatively active gases and particles. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. rcp85 is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 4.2 rcp85 (4.2 RCP8.5) - Version 1: Future projection (2006-2100) forced by RCP8.5. RCP8.5 is a representative concentration pathway which approximately results in a radiative forcing of 8.5 W m-2 at year 2100, relative to pre-industrial conditions. RCPs are time-dependent, consistent projections of emissions and concentrations of radiatively active gases and particles. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc .

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. rcp85 is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 4.2 rcp85 (4.2 RCP8.5) - Version 1: Future projection (2006-2100) forced by RCP8.5. RCP8.5 is a representative concentration pathway which approximately results in a radiative forcing of 8.5 W m-2 at year 2100, relative to pre-industrial conditions. RCPs are time-dependent, consistent projections of emissions and concentrations of radiatively active gases and particles. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc .

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'rcp45' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - Version 1: Future projection (2006-2100) forced by RCP4.5. RCP4.5 is a representative concentration pathway which approximately results in a radiative forcing of 4.5 W m-2 at year 2100, relative to pre-industrial conditions. RCPs are time-dependent, consistent projections of emissions and concentrations of radiatively active gases and particles. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical) - Version 1: Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Impose changing conditions (consistent with observations). Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'historicalNat' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 7.1 historicalNat (7.1 natural-only historical simulation) - Version 1: Historical simulation but with natural forcing only. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'sstClimSulfate' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.4b sstClimSulfate (6.4b sulfate aerosol forcing) - Version 1: AMIP-style experiment with control run climatological SSTs and sea ice (as in expt. 6.2a) but with aerosols consistent with conditions in year 2000 of the historical run (expt. 3.2) Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'abrupt4xco2' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.3 abrupt4xco2 (6.3 Abrupt 4XCO2) - Version 1: Impose an instantaneous quadrupling of CO2, then hold fixed. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. rcp85 is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 4.2 rcp85 (4.2 RCP8.5) - Version 1: Future projection (2006-2100) forced by RCP8.5. RCP8.5 is a representative concentration pathway which approximately results in a radiative forcing of 8.5 W m-2 at year 2100, relative to pre-industrial conditions. RCPs are time-dependent, consistent projections of emissions and concentrations of radiatively active gases and particles. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc .

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'sstClimAerosol' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.4a sstClimAerosol (6.4a all aerosol forcing) - Version 1: AMIP-style experiment with control run climatological SSTs and sea ice (as in expt. 6.2a) but with aerosols consistent with conditions in year 2000 of the historical run (expt. 3.2) Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'sstClimSulfate' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.4b sstClimSulfate (6.4b sulfate aerosol forcing) - Version 1: AMIP-style experiment with control run climatological SSTs and sea ice (as in expt. 6.2a) but with aerosols consistent with conditions in year 2000 of the historical run (expt. 3.2) Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'amip' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 3.3 amip (3.3 AMIP) - Version 1: AMIP (1979 - at least 2008). Impose SSTs and sea ice from observations but with other conditions as in experiment 3.2 historical. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. "historicalGHG" is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 7.2 historicalGHG (7.2 GHG-only historical) - Version 1: Historical simulation but with greenhouse gas forcing only. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. rcp26 is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 4.3 rcp26 (4.3 RCP2.6) - Version 1: Future projection (2006-2100) forced by RCP2.6. RCP2.6 is a representative concentration pathway which approximately results in a radiative forcing of 2.6 W m-2 at year 2100, relative to pre-industrial conditions. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc .

Description: The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'rcp60' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 4.4 rcp60 (4.4 RCP6) - Version 1: Future projection (2006-2100) forced by RCP6. RCP6 is a representative concentration pathway which approximately results in a radiative forcing of 6 W m-2 at year 2100, relative to pre-industrial conditions. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Description: Please note that data representing a warmer future climate are flawed by the use of incorrect sea ice coverage data. All data of the 1.5°C and the 2.0°C experiment of this CERA experiment have been replaced by and all data of the current decade and the 57-year-long AMIP experiment have been copied to http://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Compact.jsp?acronym=HAPPI-global-ECHAM6.3_v2. For detailed information refer to that experiment. Global HAPPI-MIP protocol data based on the ECHAM6.3 AGCM developed by the MPI-M (Max Planck Institute for Meteorology). This CERA experiment includes data of five AMIP simulations of the period 1959-2015 and 100 AMIP simulations of 2006-2015. In addition it includes data of 100 AMIP-like simulations of 2106-2115 representing a climate warmer by 1.5°C than under pre-industrial conditions (1861-1880) and 100 AMIP-like simulations of 2106-2115 representing a climate warmer by 2.0°C than under pre-industrial conditions.

Description: This data of the project CORDEX includes CORDEX experiments for the domain for Europe in high resolution (EUR-11) based on DHMZ's RegCM4-2 model. Each file contains a single variable in the format NetCDF-4 compressed with CF standard names (CF-1.4). The data are provided on the model computational (native) grid. Information on additional project naming conventions is specified in the project description. The data include several daily, monthly and seasonal variables from the DHMZ-RegCM4-2 simulation forced by the ERA-Interim reanalysis. Data format follows CORDEX data protocol. Please contact ivan.guettler@cirus.dhz.hr for any relevant requests for this simulation.

Description: This data of the project CORDEX includes CORDEX experiments for the domain for Europe in high resolution (EUR-11) based on DHMZ's RegCM4-2 model. Each file contains a single variable in the format NetCDF-4 compressed with CF standard names (CF-1.4). The data are provided on the interpolated (geographical) grid. Information on additional project naming conventions is specified in the project description. The data include several daily, monthly and seasonal variables from the DHMZ-RegCM4-2 simulation forced by the ERA-Interim reanalysis. Data format follows CORDEX data protocol. Please contact ivan.guettler@cirus.dhz.hr for any relevant requests for this simulation.

Description: purpose: This map shows the total organic carbon content (TOC) of surface sediments in the North Sea. It was produced by interpolation of legacy data from more than 3000 samples collected between 1960 and 2014. The distribution of this map allows the user to visualize an important marine habitat characteristic and to exploit the dataset for ecological and biogeochemical modelling. abstract: Weight percent total organic carbon (TOC) is one of the most commonly used descriptors for marine sediments. It is used to judge primary productivity of the overlying water column and refers to the amount of organic matter preserved within sediment. TOC has a major influence on biogeochemical processes occurring in sediments, including the regulation of the behavior of the other chemical species such as metals and organic pollutants. Therefore, determination of TOC is an essential component of environmental characterization analysis.This map conveys information on the weight percent TOC of seabed sediments in the North Sea. It has been produced with multivariate geostatistics (external drift kriging) using the percentage mud content as a trend variable. The underlying data set is a compilation of over 3,000 sediment samples from many national and European surveys conducted between 1960 and 2014. Due to the vintage of some samples in the database, users are advised to consider the dynamic nature of the seafloor when using the data and when creating derived surrogate based habitat maps. Also, due to the diversity of sources for the point data, users should be aware of the differing methods by which the TOC analyses were conducted. As a consequence, map confidence is not necessarily uniform and thus areas not always comparable, even though the interpolation surface may look continuous.

Description: This is a hydrodynamic hindcast for the Baltic Sea over the period 1958-2011. The simulation has been performed with the hydrodynamic model TRIM-NP V2.1 in barotropic 2D mode. Water level and current component fields are stored hourly. The model is set up on an equidistant Cartesian grid cascade with the center near Helgoland (7.88 E, 54.18 N) for the coarsest grid (12.8km resolution) (http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_TRIM-NP-2d). Further model results from three nested grids (6.4km,3.2km, 1.6km resolution) for the Baltic Sea are hourly available for the period 1958-2011.

Description: Hindcast simulation has been performed for reconstruction of meso-scale weather systems, especially of intense storms by using the global atmospheric model ECHAM6 in its version 6.1.00 (CMIP5), the spectral nudging technique and NCEP reanalysis as forcing data. Horizonatal resolution: (768x384) gridpoints (T255L95), vertical resolution: 95 levels. Time period: 1948 - 2015 april. The output from the model run: /work/gg0301/g260070/ECHAM6/echam-6.1.00/experiments/echam6_t255l95_sn_ncep1/scripts on the HLRE-2 Blizzard and the Original-Outputs of the 8 ECHAM6-streams were named and differed by their suffixes: echam6_t255l95_sn_ncep1_199212.01_co2 echam6_t255l95_sn_ncep1_199212.01_echam echam6_t255l95_sn_ncep1_199212.01_jsbach echam6_t255l95_sn_ncep1_199212.01_land echam6_t255l95_sn_ncep1_199212.01_nudg echam6_t255l95_sn_ncep1_199212.01_surf echam6_t255l95_sn_ncep1_199212.01_veg echam6_t255l95_sn_ncep1_199212.01_vphysc

Description: Reflectances measured in the visible frequency range at three channels of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard the Earth Observation Satellite (EOS) TERRA were used to derive the melt pond fraction on Arctic sea ice using an artificial neural network. This analysis was done on reflectances gridded onto a polar-stereographic grid tangent to the Earths' surface at 70 deg N with 500 m grid resolution. The reflectances used originate from the 8-day composite reflectances provided via https://wist.echo.nasa.gov/api/ as product: "MODIS surface Reflectance 8-Day L3 Global 500m SIN Grid V005". After gridding and flagging for clouds and other disturbances the artificial neural network was applied, providing fractions of three surface classes: 1) melt ponds, 2) sea ice and snow, and 3) open water at 500 m grid resolution. This data has been interpolated onto a similar polar-stereographic grid but with 12.5 km grid resolution. The data set offered here comprises several data layers: the melt pond fraction, its standard deviation, the open water fraction, and the number of individual valid grid cells with 500 m grid resolution included in each 12.5 km grid cell. In addition, in three separate data layers melt pond fraction, its standard deviation, and the open water fraction are given with those grid cells (with 12.5 km grid resolution) flagged as invalid where less than 90 % of the native 500 m grid resolution data indicate clear sky conditions. Valid for all these layers is, that grid cells with an open water fraction larger than 85 % have been flagged as invalid as well. The data set offered here is version 02 of the melt pond data set. The main difference to version 01 is a bias correction carried out to remove a positive bias in the melt pond fraction and in the open water fraction.

Description: Simulated 2D residual velocity fields in the inner German Bight were subjected to Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Residual currents were obtained from coastDat2 barotropic 2D simulations with the hydrodynamic model TRIM-NP V2.1.22 in barotropic 2D mode on a Cartesian grid (1.6km spatial resolution) stored on an hourly basis for the years 1948 - 2012 (doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_TRIM-NP-2d) and later extended until August 2015. The present analysis refers to the period Jan 1958 - Aug 2015. The spatial domain considered is the region to the east of 6 degrees east and to the south of 55.6 degrees north. All grid nodes with a bathymetry of less than 10m were excluded. Residual velocities were calculated in two different ways: 1.) as 25h means, 2.) as monthly means. Both types of residual current data are available from * RESIDUAL_CURRENTS_195801_201508 The directory contains sub-directories for years and months. Daily residual currents for the 13th of September 1974, for instance, are stored in * RESIDUAL_CURRENTS_195801_201508/YEAR_1974/MONTH_09/TRIM2D_1974_09_13_means.nc while monthly mean residual currents for September 1974 are stored in: * RESIDUAL_CURRENTS_195801_201508/YEAR_1974/TRIM2D_1974_09_means.nc All current fields provided were interpolated from the original Cartesian model grid to a more convenient regular geographical grid (116x76 nodes). Mean residual currents are stored in: * mean_residual_currents.nc This data set contains residual velocities both on original Cartesian grid nodes and interpolated to the geographical grid. An example plot is provided: * mean_residual_currents.png For PCA, two residual velocity components from each of 12133 Cartesian grid nodes were combined into one data vector (length 2x12133), referring to 21061 daily or 692 monthly time levels. Results of two independent PCAs for either daily or monthly mean fields are stored in: * PCA_daily_residual_currents.nc * PCA_monthly_residual_currents.nc Files contain three leading Principal Components (PCs) and corresponding Emipirical Orthogonal Functions (EOFs). Again EOFs were also interpolated to a regular geographical grid. PC time series are also stored in plain ASCII format: * PCs_daily.txt * PCs_monthly.txt For monthly fields the number N of variables (N=2x12133) is much larger than the number T of time levels (T=692). Therefore, to reduce computational demands, the roles of time and space were formally interchanged. Having conducted the PCA the EOFs were then transformed back to the original spatial coordinates (cf. Section 12.2.6 in von Storch and Zwiers (1999), Statistical Analysis in Climate Research, Cambridge University Press). A much larger number of time levels made even this approach prohibitive for the full set of daily data. Therefore, PCAs were performed for six sub-periods (1958-1965, 1966-1975, 1976-1985, 1986-1995, 1996-2005, 2006-2015(Aug)) independently. EOFs obtained from these six sub-periods were then averaged to obtain EOFs representative for the whole period. Corresponding PCs were calculated by projecting daily fields onto these average EOFs. IMPORTANT: In contrast with PCA of monthly data, the PCA of daily data INVOLVES SOME APPROXIMATIONS! EOFs on the original nodes were normalized to have unit lengths. The following figures, * daily_EOF1.png * daily_EOF2.png * daily_EOF3.png show the first three EOFs obtained from daily data, assuming that corresponding PCs have the value of one standard deviation. The following two plots, * monthly_EOF1.png * monthly_EOF2.png show the leading EOFs for monthly mean data. EOF3 is omitted as it represents just a very small percentage of overall variance (1.7%).

Description: The MPIC/DLR "climate" water vapor product, developed within ESA's "GOME Evolution" project, provides a consistent time series of monthly mean H2O columns from the satellite instruments GOME, SCIAMACHY, and GOME-2 (MetopA). Consistency amongst the different instruments (including cloud treatment) is substantially improved by (1) merging SCIAMACHY and GOME-2 observations to GOME pixel size, and (2) reducing the GOME-2 swath width to GOME/SCIAMACHY swath, thereby mimicking GOME-like observation conditions for all three sensors. WARNING: Version 1.0 is based on spectral analysis settings which have slightly changed during the GOME-2 timeseries, introducing a small but clear "jump" in the TCWV timeseries at the turn of the years 2012/2013. This version should not be used any more! Use version 〉2.2 instead! doi:10.1594/WDCC/GOME-EVL_water_vapor_clim_v2.2

Description: This experiment uses the data from the WRF60_gfdlesm_historical experiment as forcing data for downscaling to 12 km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical) - Version 1: Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with GFDL forcing refer to a calendar with 365 days (noleap). The 12 km resolution of this experiment is the second step of the two step downscaling WRF experiment.

Description: This experiment uses the data from the WRF60_mpiesm_historical experiment as forcing data for downscaling to 12km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical) - Version 1: Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with MPIESM forcing refer to a Gregorian calendar. The 12 km resolution of this experiment is the second step of the two step downscaling WRF experiment.

Description: This experiment (2006-2100) uses the data from the WRF60_mpiesm_rcp45 experiment as forcing data for downscaling to 12km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'rcp45' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - future projection (2006-2300) forced by RCP4.5. Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with MPIESM forcing refer to a Gregorian calendar. The 12 km resolution of this experiment is the second step of the two step downscaling WRF experiment.

Description: This is Version 1.1 of a biogeochemical climatology in the wider North Sea region. It is an expansion of the NOWESP data base („North Western European Shelf Programme“; Laane et al., 1996) and the KLIWAS North Sea Climatology of Hydrographic Data (Bersch et al., 2013). The data collection comprises observations of the parameters ammonium, chlorophyll-a, nitrate(+nitrite), phosphate, oxygen and silicate for the time period 1960-2014. If accompanying the biogeochemical parameters, temperature and salinity were also included in the collection.

Description: OceanRAIN version 1.0, OceanRAIN-M - Number Concentration Particle Size Distribution and Precipitation Microphysics, 37 along-track parameters plus 128 size bins for 8 ships, 692.000 precipitation minutes in total, temporally discontinuous data for each ship, 1-minute-resolution

Description: High RESolution Atmospheric Forcing Fields (HiResAFF) consist of key meteorological variables on daily scale which are typically used to drive ocean or ecosystem models. The fields are reconstructed through non-linear statistical upscaling using the analog-method (Schenk and Zorita, 2012). The method resamples atmospheric fields from a regional climate model (RCAO/RCA3) in time based on the best pattern similarity in the predictor space of homogenous historical station data since 1850. The dataset provides physically consistent homogeneous atmospheric fields suitable to derive long-term simulations and statistical analysis since 1850 over the North Sea and Baltic Sea region of Europe. The analog-method and reconstruction skill is described in Schenk and Zorita (2012) and the extended dataset to 1850 in Schenk (2015). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 217246 made with the joint Baltic Sea research and development programme BONUS, and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (03F0492A).

Description: The WOCE/ARGO Global Hydrographic Climatology (WAGHC) is concieved as the update of the previous WOCE Global Hydrographic Climatology (WGHC) (Gouretski and Koltermann, 2004). The following improvements have been made compared to the WGHC: 2) finer spatial resolution (0.25 degrees Lat/Lon compared to 0.5 degrees for WGHC); 3) finer vertical resolution (65 compared to 45 WGHC standard levels); 4) monthly temporal resolution compared to the all-data-mean WGHC parameters; 5) narrower overall time period; 6) calculation of the mean year corresponding to the optimally interpolated temperature and salinity values; 7) depth of the upper mixed layer. Similar to the WGHC the optimal spatial interpolation is performed on the local isopycnal surfaces. This approach diminishes the production of the artificial water masses. In addition to the isopycnally interpolated parameters parameter values interpolated on the isobaric levels are also provided. The monthly gridded vertical profiles extend to the depth of 1898 m, below only annual mean parameter values are available. Additionally, there is a dataset and a map available providing indexes for selected regions of the world ocean. Finally, the comparison with the last update of the NOAA World Ocean Atlas (Locarnini et al, 2013) was done.

Description: This experiment uses the data from the WRF60_eraint_ctrl experiment as forcing data for downscaling to 12km resolution by the regional model, WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. The 'control'-run is a reanalysis of observed data similar to an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. The 12 km resolution of this experiment is the second step of the two step downscaling WRF experiment.

Description: This experiment (2006-2100) uses the data from the WRF60_gfdlesm_rcp45 experiment as forcing data for downscaling to 12 km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'rcp45' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - future projection (2006-2300) forced by RCP4.5. Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with GFDL forcing refer to a calendar with 365 days (noleap). The 12 km resolution of this experiment is the second step of the two step downscaling WRF experiment.

Description: COSMO-CLM simulation for Bohai, Yellow and East China Sea: System Analysis and Modelling Group at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Centre for Materials and Coastal Research (referred to hereinafter as data producer) has computed the regional climate simulation. By making these data available, the data producer wishes to stimulate and support climate change and impact research projects. The data producer is aiming to make the results produced on the basis of these data available on its website and in publications as part of an international overview of regional climate change research. All interested users will have access to the simulation data being calculated with high resolution both in space and time. The data were computed at the German Climate Computing Centre (DKRZ) in Hamburg using the regional climate model COSMO-CLM. The simulations were carried out with support by the China Scholarship Council, the Helmholtz Climate Initiative REKLIM and the CLM community.

Description: This experiment uses 'CMIP5 HadGEM2-ES r1i1p1 historical' forcing data for downscaling to 60km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical) - Version 1: Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with HadGEM forcing refer to a calendar with 360 days. The 60 km resolution of this experiment is an intermediate step to the 12km downscaling WRF experiment.

Description: This experiment (2006-2100) uses 'CMIP5 GFDL r1i1p1 rcp45' forcing data for downscaling to 60km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'rcp45' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - future projection (2006-2300) forced by RCP4.5. Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with GFDL forcing refer to a calendar with 365 days (noleap). The 60 km resolution of this experiment is an intermediate step to the 12km downscaling WRF experiment.

Description: This experiment uses 'CMIP5 MPIESM r1i1p1 historical' forcing data for downscaling to 60km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical) - Version 1: Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with MPIESM forcing refer to a Gregorian calendar. The 60 km resolution of this experiment is an intermediate step to the 12km downscaling WRF experiment.

Description: This experiment (2006-2100) uses 'CMIP5 HadGEM2-ES r1i1p1 rcp45' forcing data for downscaling to 60km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'rcp45' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - future projection (2006-2300) forced by RCP4.5. Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with HadGEM forcing refer to a calendar with 360 days. The 60 km resolution of this experiment is an intermediate step to the 12km downscaling WRF experiment.

Description: This experiment (2006-2100) uses 'CMIP5 MPIESM r1i1p1 rcp45' forcing data for downscaling to 60km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'rcp45' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - future projection (2006-2300) forced by RCP4.5. Experiment design: https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with MPIESM forcing refer to a Gregorian calendar. The 60 km resolution of this experiment is an intermediate step to the 12km downscaling WRF experiment.

Description: Note: Do not use use this version any more, use version 1.1 instead! https://doi.org/10.1594/WDCC/NSBClim_v1.1 This is the first version of a biogeochemical climatology in the wider North Sea region. It is an expansion of the NOWESP data base („North Western European Shelf Programme“; Laane et al., 1996) and the KLIWAS North Sea Climatology of Hydrographic Data (Bersch et al., 2013). The data collection comprises observations of the parameters ammonium, chlorophyll-a, nitrate(+nitrite), phosphate, oxygen and silicate for the time period 1960-2014. If accompanying the biogeochemical parameters, temperature and salinity were also included in the collection.

Description: The "climate" water vapor product developed within ESA's "GOME-Evolution" project provides a consistent time series of monthly mean global maps of total column water vapor derived from the satellite instruments GOME, SCIAMACHY, and GOME-2 (Metop-A). Consistency amongst the different instruments (including cloud treatment) is substantially improved by (1) merging SCIAMACHY and GOME-2 observations to GOME pixel size, and (2) reducing the GOME-2 swath width to GOME/SCIAMACHY swath, thereby mimicking GOME-like observation conditions for all three sensors. Use version 〉2.2 instead! doi:10.1594/WDCC/GOME-EVL_water_vapor_clim_v2.2

Description: The data are results from radiative transfer simulations from 390 to 1020 nm in 1nm resolution. They can be convoluted to any ocean colour instrumental spectral response function and therefore represent satellite based aircraft- or groundbased measurements of the remote sensing reflectance. The data is simulated with the radiative transfer code MOMO (Matrix Operator Model), which simulates the full radiative transfer in atmosphere and ocean. The code is hosted at the institute of space sciences at Freie Universität Berlin and is not pubicly available. In addition to molecular Rayleigh scattering one maritime aerosol scatterer is considered. The data is available for 9 solar, 9 viewing zenith and 25 azimuth angles. The remote sensing reflectance is simulated in dependency of IOPs representing pure water with different salinities and 5 water constituents (Chlorophyll-a-pigment, Detritus, Yellow substance, a ’big’ and a ’small’ scatterer) in a global range of concentrations. The IOPs are varied independently. The grid points for each IOP where choosen in order to reproduce the full relation between this particular IOP and the resulting remote sensing reflectance.

Description: This experiment uses 'CMIP5 GFDL r1i1p1 historical' forcing data for downscaling to 60km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical) - Version 1: Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with GFDL forcing refer to a calendar with 365 days (noleap). The 60 km resolution of this experiment is an intermediate step to the 12km downscaling WRF experiment.

Description: Regional simulation with the fully coupled physical-biogeochemical model ECOSMO II. Model details and setup specifications are described in Daewel and Schrum (2013). The basis for ECOSMO II is a baroclinic hydrodynamic coupled sea-ice model (Schrum and Backhaus, 1999), which is coupled to a lower trophic level ecosystem NPZD-model. The experiment contains hindcast simulations for the coupled North Sea and Baltic Sea ecosystem for the period 1948-2008 forced by the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis (Kalnay et al., 1996). The spatial resolution is 6’ x 10’ in the horizontal and 20 layers in the vertical. The data-set contains daily averaged data. Data for biological, physical and ice variables are stored in separate files. The 3d model grid is defined in ECOSMOII_NCEP.1948-2008.dm.griddef.000000.nc (https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/cerasearch/entry?acronym=ECOSMOII_NCEP_griddef ), which contains information on vertical layer thickness in each model grid-box. The output format is netCDF.

Description: abstract: In grain size analysis, the proportion of particles with a diameter of less than 63 µm is commonly referred to as the mud content of a sediment sample. The mud content is an important biophysical variable that often can be mapped with a quantifiable correspondence to organic matter, contaminants and the occurrence of benthic species and assemblages. Thismap conveys information on the percentage mud content of seabedsediments in the North Sea. It has been produced with multivariate geostatistics (external drift kriging) using water depth as a trend variable. The underlying data set is a compilation of over 30,000 sediment samples from many national and Europaen surveys conducted over a period of more than 50 years. Due to the vintage of some samples in the database, users are advised to consider the dynamic nature of the seafloor when using the data and when creating derived surrogate based habitatmaps. Also, due to the diversity of sources for the pointdata, users should be aware of the differing methods by which the grain size analyses were conducted. As a consequence, map confidence is not necessarily uniform and thus areas not always comparable, even though the interpolation surface may look continuous. purpose: The map shows the percentage mud content (silt + clay) of surface sediments in the North Sea predicted by interpolation of legacy grain size distribution data. It has been produced to aid in describing physical habitat characteristics and to supply consistent baseline data and boundary conditions for ecological and biophysical modelling.

Description: purpose: The map shows the median grain size (or d50) of surface sediments in the North Sea predicted by interpolation of legacy grain size distribution data. It has been produced to aid in describing physical habitat characteristics and to supply consistent baseline data and boundary conditions for ecological and biophysical modelling. abstract: In grain size analysis, the median is the midpoint of the cumulative particles size distribution curve of a sediment sample. The median grain size is an important biophysical variable that relates to sediment stability and often can be mapped with a quantifiable correspondence to the occurrence of benthic species and assemblages. This map conveys information on the median grain size of seabed sediments in the North Sea. It has been produced with multivariate geostatistics (external drift kriging) using the percentage mud content as a trend variable. The underlying data set is a compilation of over 30,000 sediment samples from many national and European surveys conducted over a period of more than 50 years. Due to the vintage of some samples in the database, users are advised to consider the dynamic nature of the seafloor when using the data and when creating derived surrogate based habitat maps. Also, due to the diversity of sources for the pointdata, users should be aware of the differing methods by which the grain size analyses were conducted. As a consequence, map confidence is not necessarily uniform and thus areas not always comparable, even though the interpolation surface my look continuous.

Description: The data include daily, monthly, and seasonal variables of CORDEX experiments scaled down onto a ca. 50 km grid over Africa (acronym: AFR-44) based on the CCLM4-8-17 regional climate model. Each file contains a single variable and is formatted according to the CORDEX data protocol - meaning NetCDF-4 compressed, CF-1.4 compliant, with attributes and filenames according to the specified DRS. Data from any CORDEX experiment and with any CMIP5 global model forcing available and transfered from the ESGF to the long term archive WDCC at the time of publication are included. These are the experiments evaluation, historical, rcp85, and rcp45 using forcing data derived from the CMIP5 models MPI-ESM-LR, EC-EARTH, CNRM-CM5 and HadGEM2-ES. The data are provided on the model computational (native) grid.

Description: Note: please use https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Compact.jsp?acronym=EKF400_v1.1 data instead of EKF400_v1 (details see Quality information EKF400_v1.1)! EKF400 is a monthly resolved paleo-reanalysis covering the period 1603 to 2003. Early instrumental temperature and surface pressure observations, temperature indices derived from historical documents and temperature and moisture sensitive tree-ring measurements were assimilated into an atmospheric general circulation model ensemble using a Kalman filtering technique. This data set combines the advantage of traditional reconstruction methods of being as close as possible to observations with the advantage of climate models of being physically consistent and having 3-dimensional information about the state of the atmosphere for various variables and at all points in time.

Description: This experiment uses the data from the WRF60_hadgem2_historical experiment as forcing data for downscaling to 12km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical) - Version 1: Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with HadGEM forcing refer to a calendar with 360 days. The 12 km resolution of this experiment is the second step of the two step downscaling WRF experiment.

Description: This experiment (2006-2100) uses the data from the WRF60_hadgem2_rcp45 experiment as forcing data for downscaling to 12km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'rcp45' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - future projection (2006-2300) forced by RCP4.5. Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with HadGEM forcing refer to a calendar with 360 days. The 12 km resolution of this experiment is the second step of the two step downscaling WRF experiment.

Description: This experiment uses 'CMIP5 ECMWF-ERAINT reanalysis data' as forcing data for downscaling to 60km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. The 'control'-run is a reanalysis of observed data similar to an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. The 60 km resolution of this experiment is an intermediate step to the 12km downscaling WRF experiment.

Description: The concentrations and deposition of atmospheric constituents such as air pollutants were modeled with the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Model system for the year 2008. A focus was on sea salt emissions, atmospheric sea salt concentrations and the interaction between sea salt particles and atmospheric nitrogen compounds. For this purpose, two model runs with different realistic sea salt emission parameterizations were performed and are provided here. The model run CMAQ_CD24_seasalt_base uses the default sea salt emission parameterization of CMAQ denoted as GO03. The model run CMAQ_CD24_seasalt_ov14 uses an alternative sea salt emission parameterization denoted as OV14. Please refer to the connected references for information on the two sea salt emission parameterizations and their implementation. The dataset also contains meteorological input parameters in order to allow the user to perform unit conversions for some model variables. Additionally, the land-sea mask and land fraction data per model grid cell are provided. The projection is a Lambert Conformal Conic projection. The parameters are given in the netCDF files.

Description: This data of the project CORDEX includes CORDEX experiments for the domain Africa (AFR-44) based on UQAM's CRCM5 model. Each file contains a single variable in the format NetCDF-4 compressed with CF standard names (CF-1.4). The data are provided on the model computational (native) grid. Information on additional project naming conventions is specified in the project description.

Description: The eVolv2k database includes estimates of the magnitudes and approximate source latitudes of major volcanic stratospheric sulphur injection (VSSI) events from 500 BCE to 1900 CE. The VSSI estimates incorporate recent improvements to the ice core records in terms of synchronization and dating, refinements to the methods used to estimate VSSI from ice core records, and includes first estimates of the random uncertainties in VSSI values. Ice core-derived volcanic sulfate deposition composites for Antarctica (Sigl et al., 2014) and Greenland (Sigl et al., 2015, Zielinski et al., 1995) are scaled to volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection based on a method similar to that of Gao et al. (2007). More details to be published in a forthcoming article (Toohey and Sigl, in prep). Compared to version 1, this version (1) contains estimates of the random error in the VSSI estimates, (2) includes a clarification regarding the format of years in the BCE period by including both years BCE/CE and according to the ISO 8601 standard (which includes a year 0), and (3) includes some minor modifications to the VSSI values. In addition, a reconstruction of stratospheric aerosol optical depth (AOD) using the VSSI estimates and the EVA v1 volcanic forcing generator (Toohey et al., 2016) is provided. Complete optical properties (extinction, single scattering albedo, scattering asymmetry factor) as a function of height, latitude and time can be produced using the eVolv2k VSSI database and the EVA forcing generator. Gao, C., Oman, L., Robock, A. and Stenchikov, G. L.: Atmospheric volcanic loading derived from bipolar ice cores: Accounting for the spatial distribution of volcanic deposition, J. Geophys. Res., 112(D9), doi:10.1029/2006JD007461, 2007. Sigl, M., Winstrup, M., McConnell, J. R., Welten, K. C., Plunkett, G., Ludlow, F., Büntgen, U., Caffee, M., Chellman, N., Dahl-Jensen, D., Fischer, H., Kipfstuhl, S., Kostick, C., Maselli, O. J., Mekhaldi, F., Mulvaney, R., Muscheler, R., Pasteris, D. R., Pilcher, J. R., Salzer, M., Schüpbach, S., Steffensen, J. P., Vinther, B. M. and Woodruff, T. E.: Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years, Nature, 523, 543¿549, doi:10.1038/nature14565, 2015. Sigl, M., McConnell, J. R., Toohey, M., Curran, M., Das, S. B., Edwards, R., Isaksson, E., Kawamura, K., Kipfstuhl, S., Krüger, K., Layman, L., Maselli, O. J., Motizuki, Y., Motoyama, H., Pasteris, D. R. and Severi, M.: Insights from Antarctica on volcanic forcing during the Common Era, Nat. Clim. Chang., 4, 693-697, doi:10.1038/nclimate2293, 2014. Toohey, M. and Sigl, M.: Volcanic stratospheric sulphur injections and aerosol optical depth from 500 BCE to 1900 CE, in preparation. Toohey, M., Stevens, B., Schmidt, H. and Timmreck, C.: Easy Volcanic Aerosol (EVA v1.0): an idealized forcing generator for climate simulations, Geosci. Model Dev., 9(11), 4049–4070, doi:10.5194/GMD-9-4049-2016, 2016. Zielinski, G. A.: Stratospheric loading and optical depth estimates of explosive volcanism over the last 2100 years derived from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 ice core, J. Geophys. Res., 100(D10), 20937–20955, doi:10.1029/95JD01751, 1995.

Description: OceanRAIN version 1.0, OceanRAIN-W - Water cycle components, 73 along-track parameters for 8 ships, 6.83 million minutes in total, temporally continuous data for each ship, 1-minute-resolution

Description: OceanRAIN version 1.0, OceanRAIN-R - ODM470 Raw number count Particle Size Distribution and Precipitation Microphysics, 37 along-track parameters plus 128 size bins for 8 ships, 692.000 precipitation minutes in total, temporally discontinuous data for each ship, 1-minute-resolution

Description: These data are made available as part of paper: S. J. Gonzalez-Roji, J. Saenz, G. Ibarra-Berastegi, J. Diaz de Argandona (2018) Moisture balance over the Iberian Peninsula according to a regional climate model, Journal of Geophysical Research 123(2):708-729. The dataset holds selected postprocessed files that allow to reproduce all the results in the paper. An analysis of the atmospheric branch of the hydrological cycle by means of a 15 km resolution numerical integration performed using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) nested in ERA Interim is presented. Two WRF experiments covering the period 2010–2014 were prepared. The first one (N) was configured as in standard numerical downscaling experiments. The second one (D), with the same parameterizations, included a step of 3DVAR data assimilation every 6 h. Experiment D: -windowed-D-AI: Analysis increments (T2, Q2), 2010-2014 for the D experiment -windowed-wavacurip4paper-D: Netcdf files corresponding to experiment D (using 3DVAR assimilation) and years 2010-2014 holding 3-hourly outputs from the run after selecting the window covering the Iberian Peninsula. Experiment N: -windowed-wavacurip4paper-N: Netcdf files corresponding to experiment N (no data assimilation) and years 2010-2014 holding 3-hourly outputs from the run after selecting the window covering the Iberian Peninsula

Description: This is an atmospheric hourly hindcast for the German Bight using COSMO-CLM version 5.00_clm2 from 1948-August 2015 (http://www.cosmo-model.org/content/model/documentation/core/default.htm). The model uses a rotated grid with 250 x 180 grid points and a grid point distance of 0.025 degrees, the rotated North pole is located at 172.97 W, 34.925 N. The forcing is coastDat2 doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_COSMO-CLM . In rotated coordinates the model area extends from 2.25 W to 2.25 E, 3.125 S to 3.125 N, in geographical coordinates this corresponds to about 1.3 E to 12.8 E, 52.7 N to 57.3 N.