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  • Books  (23)
  • E-Books: Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB)  (23)
  • thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry  (23)
  • KIT Scientific Publishing  (15)
  • Firenze University Press  (8)
  • Ohio
  • Washington, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.
  • English  (22)
  • French  (1)
  • Japanese
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  • Books  (23)
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  • E-Books: Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB)  (23)
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  • 1
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    Maria Skłodowska Curie: l’obstination dans l’effort d’un génie (2022)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: «Luigi Dei takes a very personal approach to presenting the life and achievements of Maria Skłodowska-Curie, setting them in the broader context of the history of science and European culture between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. More specifically, he traces the links of the scientist, who twice won the Nobel Prize, with Poland (her homeland) and France (the country in which she lived, worked and made her outstanding scientific discoveries)» (Preface, Jan Piskurewicz).
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: French
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  • 2
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    Characteristics of raw and cooked fillets in species of actual and potential interest for Italian aquaculture (2022)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Heat treatment generally induces structural changes of fish muscle and loss of nutrients. Depending on many intrinsic and extrinsic factors farmed fish qualitative attributes can be subject to changes. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of boiling on physical parameters and nutritional profile of fillets from two farmed species [meagre (Argyrosomus regius) and rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss)]. Specie-specific differences in physico-chemical traits influenced raw flesh quality and the response to cooking. In meagre, sampling times differences in macronutrients were nullified by cooking. In rainbow trout, boiling modified physico-chemical profile depending on the strain while farming conditions affected cooked fillet quality in a different extent according to the strain.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNF Hydraulic engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVB Agricultural science ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVR Forestry and silviculture ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVS Commercial horticulture
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Implementation and application of the explicitly correlated coupled-cluster method in Turbomole (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In this thesis the implementation of the explicitly correlated coupled-cluster singles-and-doubles model is presented. This tool is capable of efficiently calculating CCSD energies at the basis set limit with relatively small orbital basis sets. The implementation supports RHF, UHF and ROHF reference wave functions. The usefulness of the developed tool is illustrated with selected chemical applications.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; coupled-cluster theory ; explicit correlation ; transition-state theory ; CCSD ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    On the diverse bonding situations in nanostructures : an ab initio computational study (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This computational study investigates diverse bonding situations in nanostructures (carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, metal compounds) spanning a broad range of energies. Weak, dispersive interactions and covalent metal-ligand and metal-metal bonding are examined. The results of efficient density functional calculations are compared to those of correlated wavefunction calculations on model systems. This rigorous validation is crucial in evaluating the balance between computational cost and accuracy.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; open-cage fullerenes ; single-walled carbon nanotubes ; subvalent aluminium and magnesium compounds ; computational chemistry ; nanostructures ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Ultrafast Dynamics of Metalloporphyrins, DNA and Iron-Lanthanide Clusters in the Liquid Phase (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Ultraschnelle Dynamik von verschiedenen organischen und anorganischen molekularen Systemen wurde unter Verwendung der zeitaufgelöste Anregungs-Abfrage-Technik in Kombination mit anderen spektroskopischen Methoden untersucht. Diese Dynamik umfasst, z.B. die Relaxationsprozesse in Metalloporphyrins, die Ladungstransfer zwischen Donor und Akzeptor durch DANN-Doppelhelix sowie die Dynamik von Ladungsträger in anorganischen nanostrukturierten zyklischen koordinierten Eisen-Lanthanoide Clustern.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Lanthanide ; Femtosecond Spectroscopy ; DNA ; Metalloporphyrin ; Ultrafast Dynamics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Ultrafast photophysics and photochemistry of radical precursors in solution (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The photoinduced dynamics of radical precursors in solution were investigated by means of femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy assisted by quantum chemical calculations. The investigated systems show a wide range of excited state lifetimes ranging from tens of femtoseconds to nanoseconds. Thus, in the first case, on the investigated time scale the dynamics of the generated radicals can be additionally investigated. In the latter case only the excited singlet lifetime is observable.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; femtosecond spectroscopy ; radical ; photolysis ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Using the Patch-Clamp technique to shed light on ion channels structure, function and pharmacology (2022)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Ion channels are membrane proteins that selectively allow ions to flow down their electrochemical gradient across the cellular membrane. They localize in both plasma and intracellular membranes and regulate a variety of functions such as neuronal excitability, heartbeat, muscle contraction and hormones release. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanism of ion channels function and regulation is one of the key goals of modern Biophysics. During my PhD thesis, by combining patch-clamp measurements with site-direct mutagenesis, fluorophore labeling experiments and pharmacological assays, I explored some functional and structural properties of different ion transporters: the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX); the large conductance Ca2+-voltage activated K+ channel (BK) channel; the human Transient receptor potential, member A1 (TRPA1) channel.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MQ Nursing and ancillary services::MQP Pharmacy / dispensing ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Technology Entrepreneurship : A Treatise on Entrepreneurs and Entrepreneurship for and in Technology Ventures. Band 2 (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The treatise is the first coherent and comprehensive presentation of the important sub-field of ""technology entrepreneurship"" emphasizing the science and engineering perspectives. It is a presentation of technology entrepreneurship as an inter-cultural approach referring to the US and Germany. It integrates micro- and macro aspects referring to numerous cases of firms' foundations. The book provides also a new semi-quantitative approach to growth of new technology ventures.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Unternehmertum ; Unternehmer ; Technology ; Entrepreneurship ; Science ; Firmengründungen ; TechnikEntrepreneurs ; Firms' Foundations ; Wissenschaft ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    A detailed approach to model transport, heterogeneous chemistry, and electrochemistry in solid-oxide fuel cells (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book lays out a numerical framework for the detailed description of heterogeneous chemistry, electrochemistry and porous media transport in solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFC). Assuming hydrogen as the only electrochemically active species, a modified Butler-Volmer equation is used to model the electrochemical charge transfer.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Elektrochemie ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Spectroscopic ellipsometry of interfacial phase transitions in fluid metallic systems: KxKCl1-x and Ga1-xBix [online] (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The investigation of the interfacial phase transitions in fluid systems with short-range intermetallic interactions are of great interest. The phenomena were studied in two systems exhibiting a liquid-liquid miscibility gap: at the fluid/wall interface in fluid KxKCl1-x and at the fluid/vacuum interface of the Ga1 xBix alloys. To characterize the interfacial changes of the ultra thin films (composition, thickness and their evolution with time) the spectroscopic ellipsometry was performed over a wide spectral range. Whereas in the experiments on KxKCl1-x an existing ellipsometer could be used, a completely new UHV-apparatus including the in-situ phase modulation ellipsometer had to be developed for Ga1 xBix alloys. For the KxKCl1-x system new results on complete wetting at solid-liquid coexistence as well as in the homogenous liquid phase (prewetting) are presented. The spectra show the typical F center absorption which indicates that the film is a salt-rich phase. The thickness strongly increases approaching the monotectic from 30 to 440 nm, which is in agreement with the tetra point wetting scenario. For this interpretation a quantitative description of the excess Gibbs energy has been developed. For the Ga1 xBix system the results on complete wetting, surface freezing and oscillatory interfacial instabilities are presented. The high-precision spectra have been recorded approaching the liquid-liquid miscibility. These spectra have been modeled using a Ga-Bi effective medium approximation for the substrate covered by a film of liquid Bi. The measurements give evidence of tetra point wetting in the Ga-Bi system. First ellipsometric study of the surface freezing in Ga-Bi has been performed. Within the miscibility gap a very interesting effect of surface and bulk oscillatory instability was observed. The details of this process at present are not well understood, but a qualitative description is given.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; molten salt ; surface phase transition ; spectroscopic ellipsometry ; Ga-Bi alloys ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    Thermochemistry and Kinetics for the Oxidative Degradation of Dibenzofuran and Precursors (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The emission of dibenzofurans and dioxins from industrial processes is a major environmental concern. Focussing on dibenzofuran, this study tend to improve our understanding of the general oxidation chemistry and to provide a mechanism suitable for future modelling studies.Based on quantum chemical methods, energies, chemical structures and reactions are calculated numerically. Not only stable molecules and radicals, but also transition states are reported in this work.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; ab initio ; Transition state theory ; Thermochemistry ; DFT ; Dioxin ; Dibenzofuran ; Groupe additivity ; Kinetics ; QRRK ; Isodesmic reactions ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    Molecules of an author in search of memory (2022)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: Loosely based on Primo Levi’s The Periodic Table, the play has a Fahrenheit 451 setting. In a world without books or memory appears a common man, the Man in the street, with some heets of writing that he cannot make out. With the help of the narrator, Science, Technology and Nature, and of two actors who remain offstage for a long while – Primo and his friend Alberto – this man is able to reconstruct the events of the chapter entitled Cerium. In this way, and thanks to this act of remembrance, lost identity – our history – is recreated. Science, Technology and Nature free this man without memory from his state of not-knowing, by giving him scientific knowledge and understanding. The play finds its catharsis in a deeply moving passage, inspired by the chapter Carbon, which creates an atemporal connection between a carbon atom from the smoke of a crematorium chimney and one residing in the body of any one of us: a poetic parable of a science firmly anchored in the life and history of man.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATD Theatre studies ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATQ Dance ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATX Other performing arts ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNK Inorganic chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    Electrochemical SPM study of 2D phase and 3D phase formation of Zn at the ionic liquid / Au(111) interface [online] (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Zn electrodeposition in the under- (UPD) and overpotential (OPD) ranges by means of in-situ Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) was examined, supported by in-situ cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometrie. The underpotential deposition of Zn follows a layer-by-layer growth. For the first time the formation of three successive Zn monolayers has been observed in the UPD range. It has been shown, that the UPD of Zn is complicated due to surface alloying. The same growth mechanism extends from the UPD into OPD range until Al bulk deposition sets in. The UPD of Al at 100 mV vs. Zn/Zn(II) is marked by Moiré pattern formation. For the first time in this system the effective tunneling barrier f has been measured by STS. A first insight into the 2D phase formation of electrodeposited Zn at the electrolyte / electrode interface was obtained from STM images at various times and potentials. Before a coherent layer is formed wormlike structures are observed characteristic of spinodal decomposition. This implies a first order phase transition, which has been resolved here for the first time for 2D electrodeposition.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; electrochemistry ; spinodal decomposition ; STM ; zinc ; layer growth ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    Technology Entrepreneurship : A Treatise on Entrepreneurs and Entrepreneurship for and in Technology Ventures. Band 1 und Band 2 (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The treatise is the first coherent and comprehensive presentation of the important sub-field of ""technology entrepreneurship"" emphasizing the science and engineering perspectives. It is a presentation of technology entrepreneurship as an inter-cultural approach referring to the US and Germany. It integrates micro- and macro aspects referring to numerous cases of firms' foundations. The book provides also a new semi-quantitative approach to growth of new technology ventures.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Unternehmertum ; Unternehmer ; Technology ; Entrepreneurship ; Science ; Firmengründungen ; TechnikEntrepreneurs ; Firms' Foundations ; Wissenschaft ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    Technology Entrepreneurship : A Treatise on Entrepreneurs and Entrepreneurship for and in Technology Ventures. Band 1 (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The treatise is the first coherent and comprehensive presentation of the important sub-field of ""technology entrepreneurship"" emphasizing the science and engineering perspectives. It is a presentation of technology entrepreneurship as an inter-cultural approach referring to the US and Germany. It integrates micro- and macro aspects referring to numerous cases of firms' foundations. The book provides also a new semi-quantitative approach to growth of new technology ventures.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Unternehmertum ; Unternehmer ; Technology ; Entrepreneurship ; Science ; Firmengründungen ; TechnikEntrepreneurs ; Firms' Foundations ; Wissenschaft ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 16
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    Charge Transport in DNA - Insights from Simulations (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Charge transport and charge transfer (CT) capabilities of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are investigated. A QM/MM multi-scale framework is applied to calculate the CT capabilities of DNA under conditions resembling the experimental setup. The simulations are able to explain and predict the outcome of experiments and therefore make suggestions in advance. Based on the findings, suitable DNA sequences can be opted for the design of DNA-based devices as nano-scale electronic elements.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Charge Transfer ; Molecular Dynamics ; Charge Transport ; Quantum Mechanics ; DNA ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 17
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    Imaging and engineering optical localized modes at the nanoscale (2022)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: In this thesis we experimentally developed high-resolution groundbreaking imaging techniques and novel methods suitable for nanophotonics materials. The experimental results are carefully supported by theory and numerical calculations. We engineered the propagation of light by exploiting devices that strongly localize electromagnetic fields at the nanoscale. The proposed techniques have a large field of application. We deeply investigated ordered and disordered based single and coupled nano-resonators, called photonicmolecules, and develop a laser-assisted local oxidation of the dielectric environment. These results put the basis for an unprecedented investigation of light behaviour in optical nano-resonators. Therefore, they would pave the way for novel devices that exploit the strong coupling regime between single light emitters and localized optical modes.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MQ Nursing and ancillary services::MQP Pharmacy / dispensing ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics::PBC Mathematical foundations ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics::PBF Algebra ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics::PBM Geometry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics::PBX History of mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDN Scientific equipment, experiments and techniques ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDX History of science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PG Astronomy, space and time ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PG Astronomy, space and time::PGC Theoretical and mathematical astronomy ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHF Materials / States of matter ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHN Nuclear physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHU Mathematical physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering
    Language: English
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  • 18
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    New quantum simulations with ultracold Ytterbium gases (2022)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In recent years, the unprecedented experimental control of the laws of quantum mechanics has led to the so-called quantum technology revolution, a terminology adopted to refer to the applications in which quantum properties play a prominent role. Also the fundamental physics has benefited from these advancements with the development of quantum simulators, controlled quantum platforms engineered in such a way to emulate the physics of complex systems difficult to investigate with classical approaches. The present work deals with the simulation of some fundamental properties of quantum-Hall systems by means of degenerate fermionic Ytterbium atoms confined in artificial periodic potentials. Extreme regimes, inaccessible to real solid-state system, have been explored, paving the way to the observation of exotic phases of matter.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNK Inorganic chemistry
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  • 19
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    Maria Skłodowska Curie: the obstinate self-sacrifice of a genius (2022)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: «Luigi Dei takes a very personal approach to presenting the life and achievements of Maria Skłodowska-Curie, setting them in the broader context of the history of science and European culture between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. More specifically, he traces the links of the scientist, who twice won the Nobel Prize, with Poland (her homeland) and France (the country in which she lived, worked and made her outstanding scientific discoveries)». (Preface, Jan Piskurewicz)
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 20
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    Solid-state ¹?F-NMR studies on fluorine-labeled model compounds and biomolecules (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The fluorine nucleus, when introduced as a reporter group in membrane-associated proteins or peptides, offers a highly sensitive alternative to conventional isotope labels in solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The study presented here is concerned with the development of 19F-NMR methods, as well as data analysis schemes to extract the wealth of structural and motional information from the spectra.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Fluorkern ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
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  • 21
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    Maria Skłodowska-Curie. Piękno niezłomnego poświęcenia / Maria Skłodowska-Curie. The Obstinate Self‑sacrifice of a Genius (2022)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Maria’s strength of character, the patience and obstinate self-sacrifice mentioned above, began to emerge. As she confessed in a letter: "I have been through some very hard times and the only thing that alleviates the memory of them is that, in spite of everything, I have come through honestly and with my head held high.” More emphatically she also wrote, "First principle: never to let oneself be beaten down by persons or by events.” A fragment of the book
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 22
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    A new method of seawater desalination via acrylic acid based hydrogels: Synthesis, characterisation, and experimental realisation (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The scarcity of potable water is a great challenge. It may be resolved by the desalination of seawater. In this work, the possibilities of a new desalination technique using polymeric hydrogels as a separation medium for water and salt is explored. The bound charges in such a polymeric network prevent salt from entering it - under pressure the desalinated water is released from the gel. It is demonstrated that the method is viable and the influence of various process parameters investigated.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Polyelectrolyte networks ; Desalination ; Pore size determination ; Hydrogel ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
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  • 23
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    Raman spectroscopic study of high temperature rare earth metal - rare earth halide solutions: Ln-LnX3- and LnX2-LnX3-(LiX-KX)eu systems (Ln: Nd, Ce; X: Cl, I) [online] (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In this work new Raman spectroscopic experiments on rare earth metal-rare earth trihalide melts (Ln-LnX3 and LnX2-LnX3: Ln=Ce, Nd; X=Cl, I) and their mixtures in alkali halide eutectic solvents ((LiX-KX)eu; X=Cl, I) are presented. The main results can be summarized as follows:- The Raman spectra of following trihalide systems have been measured for the first time: CeCl3, CeI3, NdI3 and their mixtures in the respective alkali halide eutectic solvent. The structure of the LnX3 in the solvent can be characterized by octahedral complexes. The force constants decrease from the chlorides to the iodides. - The Raman spectra of the following dihalides have been observed in this work: NdCl2, CeI2 and their mixtures in the alkali halide solvent. Interestingly, CeCl2 might form as intermediate species on doping CeCl3 with Ce. It is not a stable compound in the Ce-CeCl3 phase diagram.- With respect to the above mentioned main objective the following conclusions can be drawn: (i) On mixing of NdCl2 with NdCl3 in (LiCl-KCl)eu the undisturbed spectra of both components can be observed simultaneously. This is in agreement with the suggested intervalence charge transfer hopping mechanism if one assumes a hopping rate below 1012.(ii) Even though CeCl2 might form as intermediate, in the equilibrium spectra of liquid Ce-CeCl3-(LiCl-KCl)eu only the typical - 36 CeCl -octahedra can be identified. This supports the assumption that in these systems the electronic defect states are probably mobile Drude-like electrons which do not lead to new Raman detectable species. A qualitatively similar observation was made for CeI2-CeI3-(LiI-KI)eu melts.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Seltenerdhalogenide ; Hochtemperatur ; Raman-Spektroskopie ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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