ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface. - Acknowledgements. - Symbols and concentration units. - 1 lntroduction. - 1.1 Setting the background: a unified 'process-orientated' approach to marine geochemistry. - References. - PART 1 THE GLOBAL JOURNEY: MATERIAL SOURCES. - 2 The input of material to the ocean reservoir. - 2.1 The background. - References. - 3 The transport of material to the oceans: the river pathway. - 3.1 Chemical signals transported by rivers. - 3.2 The modification of river-transported signals at the land/sea interface: estuaries. - References. - 4 The transport of material to the oceans: the atmospheric pathway. - 4.1 Material transported via the atmosphere: the marine aerosol. - 4.2 The chemistry of the marine aerosol. - 4.3 Material transported via the atmosphere: the air/sea interface and the sea surface microlayer. - 4.4 The atmospheric pathway: summary. - References. - 5 The transport of material to the oceans: the hydrothermal pathway. - 5.1 Hydrothermal activity: high-temperature sea water-basalt reactions. - 5.2 Hydrothermal activity: Iow-temperature sea water- basalt reactions. - 5.3 The hydrothermal pathway: summary. - References. - 6 The transport of material to the oceans: relative flux magnitudes. - 6.1 River fluxes to the oceans. - 6.2 Atmospheric fluxes to the oceans. - 6.3 Hydrothermal fluxes to the oceans. - 6.4 Relative magnitudes of the primary fluxes to the oceans. - 6.5 Relative magnitudes of the primary fluxes to the oceans: summary. - References. - PART 2 THE GLOBAL JOURNEY: THE OCEAN RESERVOIR. - 7 Descriptive oceanography: water column parameters. - 7.1 Introduction. - 7.2 Some fundamental properties of sea water. - 7.3 Oceanic circulation. - 7.4 Tracers. - 7.5 An ocean model. - 7.6 Characterizing oceanic water column sections. - 7.7 Water colurnn parameters: summary. - References. - 8 Dissolved gases in sea water. - 8.1 Introduction. - 8.2 The exchange of gases across the air/sea interface. - 8.3 Dissolved oxygen in sea water. - 8.4 Dissolved carbon dioxide in sea water: the dissolved C02 cycle. - 8.5 Dissolved gases in sea water: summary. - References. - 9 Nutrients, organic carbon and the carbon cycle in sea water. - 9.1 The nutrients in sea water. - 9.2 Organic matter in the sea. - 9.3 The marine organic carbon cycle. - 9.4 Organic matter in the oceans: summary. - References. - 10 Particulate material in the oceans. - 10.1 The measurement and collection of oceanic total suspended matter. - 10.2 The distribution of total suspended matter in the oceans. - 10.3 The composition of oceanic total suspended matter. - 10.4 Total suspended matter fluxes in the oceans. - 10.5 Down-column changes in the composition of oceanic total suspended matter. - 10 .6 Particulate material in the oceans: summary. - References. - 11 Trace elements in the oceans. - 11.1 Introduction. - 11.2 Oceanic residence times. - 11.3 An oceanic trace metal framework. - 11.4 Geographical variations in the distributions of trace elements in surface ocean waters. - 11.5 The vertical distribution of trace elements in the water column. - 11.6 Processes controlling the removal of trace elements from sea water. - 11.7 Trace elements in sea water: summary. - References. - 12 Down-column fluxes and the benthic boundary layer. - 12.1 Down-colurnn fiuxes. - 12.2 The benthic boundary layer: the sediment/water interface. - 12.3 The benthic boundary layer. - 12.4 Down-column ftuxes and the benthic boundary layer: summary. - References. - PART 3 THE GLOBAL JOURNEY: MATERIAL SINKS. - 13 Marine sediments. - 13.1 Introduction. - 13.2 The formation of deep-sea sediments. - 13.3 A general scheme for the classification of marine sediments. - 13.4 The distribution of marine sediments. - 13.5 The chemical composition of marine sediments. - 13.6 Chemical signals to marine sediments. - 13.7 Marine sediments: summary. - References. - 14 Sediment interstitial waters and diagenesis. - 14.1 The long-term fate of organic matter in marine sediments. - 14.2 Early diagenesis in marine sediments. - 14.3 Organic matter in sediments. - 14.4 Redox environments and diagenesis in marine sediments. - 14.5 Diagenesis: summary. - 14.6 Interstitial-water inputs to the oceans. - 14.7 Interstitial-water inputs to the oceans: summary. - References. - 15 The components of marine sediments. - 15.1 Lithogenous components. - 15.2 Biogenous components. - 15.3 'Hydrogenous' components: halmyrolysates and precipitates. - 15.4 Cosmogenous components. - References. - 16 Unscrambling the sediment-forming signals. - 16.1 Definition of terminology. - 16.2 The biogenous signal. - 16.3 The detrital signal. - 16.4 The authigenic signal. - 16.5 Unscrambling the detrital and authigenic signals. - 16.6 Signal spikes. - 16.7 The ocean-wide operation of the sediment-forming signals. - 16.8 Unscrambling the sediment-forming chemical signals: summary. - References. - PART 4 THE GLOBAL JOURNEY: SYNTHESIS. - 17 Marine geochemistry: an overview. - 17.1 How the system works. - 17.2 Balancing the books. - 17.3 Conclusions. - References. - Index.

Description / Table of Contents: Marine geochemistry offers a fully comprehensive and integrated treatment of the chemistry of the oceans, their sediments and biota. It addresses the fundamental question, 'How do the oceans work as a chemical system?' and it capitalizes on the significant advances in understanding achieved in the past two decades, advances facilitated by improved sampling and analytical techniques, better theoretical concepts, and the establishment of large-scale international oceanographic programmes. Designed for use as a text, the book treats the oceans as a 'unified system' in which material stored in the sea water, the sediment and the rock reservoirs interact to control the composition of sea water itself. Part 1 covers the transport of materials to the oceans via rivers, the atmosphere and hydrothermal systems, and discusses their relative flux magnitudes. Part 2 considers the oceans as a reservoir, introducing water-column parameters before discussing dissolved gases, nutrients and organic carbon, particulate matter, trace elements, down-column fluxes and the benthic boundary layer. Part 3 is devoted to the sediment reservoir. The topics covered include diagenesis, the major components of the sediments, and the processes controlling the geochemistry of oceanic deposits, which are discussed in terms of sediment-forming signals. Part 4 offers an overview and synthesis of the integrated marine geochemical system. Intermediate and advanced students of chemical oceanography and marine geochemistry will welcome this comprehensive text. All other students of the earth sciences will find it to be an essential reference source dealing with the interaction between atmosphere, ocean and solid earth.