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  • Other Sources  (3)
  • water quality  (2)
  • 333.9  (1)
  • Hoboken, USA  (3)
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  • 2020-2022  (3)
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  • Other Sources  (3)
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  • 2020-2022  (3)
  • 2010-2014
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-06-29
    Description: Urban diffuse pollution affects water resources as much as its rural counterpart does; however, it is considerably less studied. The full complexity of the urban landscape needs to be addressed to apprehend the diversity of surface layouts and covers, multiple pollution sources, and the diverse changes caused by different types of drainage systems. In this article, crucial patterns of pollution source areas are categorized, and current knowledge on their temporal and spatial variations are collated. Urban alterations of transport processes that enhance, delay, or inhibit diffuse pollution transport from source areas through the urban watershed are detailed. Current knowledge regarding diffuse pollution patterns and processes is conceptually merged by the simultaneous assessment of urban structural and functional connectivity relevant for pollutant transfer. Applying a more holistic approach is considered a prerequisite for identifying critical source areas of diffuse pollution within complex urban catchments, to minimize the transfer of particular harmful pollutants and to enhance future management of urban waters. This article is categorized under: Science of Water 〉 Water Quality Engineering Water 〉 Planning Water
    Description: Owing to the on‐going urban expansion accompanied by an anticipated increase of flash floods, diffuse water pollution in cities is likely to increase. The complexity of pollution patterns and their distribution mechanisms in cities are reviewed in the context of urban connectivity of pollution. Explicit handling of urban connectivity may guide the re‐design of urban drainage strategies toward more decentralized and sustainable management approaches of urban water resources.
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Keywords: 333.9 ; connectivity ; urban pollution ; sustainable urban drainage design ; critical source area
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-06-27
    Description: Jähnig et al. make some useful points regarding the conclusions that can be drawn from our meta‐analysis; however, some issues require clarification. First, we never suggested that there was a globally increasing trend of freshwater insect abundances, but only spoke of an average increasing trend in the available data. We also did not suggest that freshwater quality has improved globally, but rather that documented improvements in water quality can explain at least some of the trends we observed. Second, as we acknowledged, our data are not a representative set of freshwater ecosystems around the world, but they are what is currently accessible. Third, there is indeed no doubt that changes in abundance or biomass need not correlate with changes in other aspects of biodiversity, such as species richness or functional composition. Our analysis was specifically focused on trends in community abundance/biomass because it has been the subject of recent study and speculation, and is a widely available metric in long‐term studies. To better understand the recent changes in freshwater insect assemblages, we encourage freshwater ecologists to further open their troves of data from countless long‐term monitoring schemes so that larger and more comprehensive syntheses can be undertaken. This article is categorized under: Water and Life 〉 Conservation, Management, and Awareness
    Description: Biodiversity synthesis is always limited by the available data, but still moves our understanding beyond case studies. Image by Hans Braxmeier from Pixabay.com. image
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Description: Russian Foundation for Basic Research http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002261
    Keywords: 560 ; arthropods ; biomass ; long‐term ; monitoring ; water quality
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-06-27
    Description: Understanding groundwater–surface water (GW–SW) interactions is vital for water management in karstic catchments due to its impact on water quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the applicability of seven environmental tracers to quantify and localize groundwater exfiltration into a small, human‐impacted karstic river system. Tracers were selected based on their emission source to the surface water either as (a) dissolved, predominantly geogenic compounds (radon‐222, sulphate and electrical conductivity) or (b) anthropogenic compounds (predominantly) originating from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents (carbamazepine, tramadol, sodium, chloride). Two contrasting sampling approaches were compared (a) assuming steady‐state flow conditions and (b) considering the travel time of the water parcels (Lagrangian sampling) through the catchment to account for diurnal changes in inflow from the WWTP. Spatial variability of the concentrations of all tracers indicated sections of preferential groundwater inflow. Lagrangian sampling techniques seem highly relevant for capturing dynamic concentration patterns of WWTP‐derived compounds. Quantification of GW inflow with the finite element model FINIFLUX, based on observed in‐stream Rn activities led to plausible fluxes along the investigated river reaches (0.265 m3 s−1), while observations of other natural or anthropogenic environmental tracers produced less plausible water fluxes. Important point sources of groundwater exfiltration can be ascribed to locations where the river crosses geological fault lines. This indicates that commonly applied concepts describing groundwater–surface water interactions assuming diffuse flow in porous media are difficult to transfer to karstic river systems whereas concepts from fractured aquifers may be more applicable. In general, this study helps selecting the best suited hydrological tracer for GW exfiltration and leads to a better understanding of processes controlling groundwater inflow into karstic river systems.
    Description: Karst aquifers represent an increased complexity when aiming to measure the interaction between groundwater and river water. Combining field‐based measurements on catchment scale and modelling, the applicability of ‘classical’ environmental groundwater tracers was compared to selected organic (micro)pollutants often considered as conservative and originally arising from a wastewater treatment plant. This study demonstrates that the choice of an appropriate tracer is crucial when either aiming to quantify groundwater exfiltration into karstic river systems, or indicating hydrological processes, applying (globally) omnipresent pollutants.
    Description: German Research Foundation (DFG) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Keywords: 551.46 ; carbamazepine ; groundwater inflow ; Lagrangian sampling ; radon ; wastewater treatment plant ; water quality
    Type: article
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