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  • Artikel  (2.429)
  • Science for Environment Policy  (2.429)
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  • Energietechnik  (2.429)
  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    European Commission DG Environment
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-12-06
    Beschreibung: Copper (Cu) is frequently used in agricultural practices, particularly in fungicides, used extensively in the management of permanent crops, such as vineyards, olive groves, and fruit orchards — all crops of significant economic importance to the EU. An investigation into the factors influencing Cu distribution in the topsoils of 25 EU Member States has identified that, in conjunction with other factors such as topsoil properties, land cover, and climate, such agricultural management practices play a role in influencing Cu concentration. The analysis used 21 682 soil samples from the EU-funded Land Use and Coverage Area frame Survey (LUCAS) 1 and found that vineyards, olive groves, and orchards had the highest mean soil Cu concentrations of all land use categories. The findings highlight the major impact of land use and agricultural practices on soil Cu concentrations and emphasise a need for more sustainable land management practices.
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    European Commission DG Environment
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-12-06
    Beschreibung: Air quality standards worldwide are facing increasing scrutiny as countries struggle to meet World Health Organisation (WHO) air-quality guidelines (AQGs), particularly regarding ozone (O 3 ) and particulate matter (pollutant particles with diameters of less than 10 or 2.5 micrometres — PM 10 and PM 2.5 respectively). A new study aimed to evaluate whether WHO guidelines are being met in Europe; the researchers focused on Portugal, using recent data alongside climate change and background air pollution predictions. At present, Portugal frequently exceeds legislated values for ozone and PM 10 .
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    European Commission DG Environment
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-12-06
    Beschreibung: Parasitoid wasps (Trichogramma pretiosum) are increasingly being used as a biological control agent in agriculture. Since insecticides are often applied to the same crops, it is necessary to assess the effects of different insecticides on this insect. However, the majority of studies have focused on evaluating the lethal, but not sublethal, effects of insecticides. A new study has evaluated the sublethal effects on T. pretiosum of nine insecticides commonly used in soybean production in Brazil. Overall, just three of the nine insecticides tested did not appear to have any harmful sublethal effects on T. pretiosum. This study highlights the importance of considering sublethal, as well as lethal, effects when assessing insecticide selectivity.
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    European Commission DG Environment
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-12-06
    Beschreibung: Researchers have developed a new computer model to help decision-makers quickly assess proposed strategies to cut air pollution, by generating an array of useful data and maps in under half a minute. The model uses artificial intelligence (AI) technology to quickly make sense of the complex problem of urban air quality, and innovatively considers the influence of public opinion in its assessment of emission reduction strategies — given that some are deemed more socially acceptable than others.
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-11-23
    Beschreibung: Groundwater pumping and irrigation can disrupt natural atmospheric processes, affect the whole water cycle, and potentially worsen water shortages during heatwaves, a new study suggests. The findings contribute to our understanding of how to manage water resources under future climate change conditions. The study shows how some of the most intensively water managed areas of Europe — such as the Iberian Peninsula — could be affected by extraction of groundwater during years when conditions are especially hot and dry, potentially amplifying water scarcity in already-stressed regions.
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    European Commission DG Environment
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-11-23
    Beschreibung: PFASs — per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances — are a family of chemicals used in a wide range of industrial and consumer applications. Due to concerns about their persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity, long-chain PFASs are increasingly being phased out, creating a growing market for alternatives. Researchers have developed a novel method, based on molecular simulation techniques, to estimate the rate at which novel PFASs interact and bind with particular proteins (‘binding affinity’) — an important factor in determining a substance’s bioaccumulation potential in organisms. The method indicates that replacement PFASs may be just as bioaccumulative as original (legacy) PFASs and are, therefore, not necessarily safer. If correct, this finding has significant policy implications.
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-11-23
    Beschreibung: Since the industrial revolution, the ocean has absorbed increased levels of carbon dioxide, leading to the ocean’s pH becoming more acidic. Effects of these pH changes on marine and estuarine biota is the focus of much research effort worldwide and the authors of this study focus on the larval habitat-choice process of a commercially important tropical marine fish species, Lates calcarifer, barramundi.
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    European Commission DG Environment
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-11-23
    Beschreibung: Biogas production from waste and manure has the potential to make a contribution to environmental, energy and climate policy objectives. However, farmer engagement has remained persistently low. A new study, involving 461 Danish farmers, has investigated their willingness to participate in collective biogas investment (where two or more farmers collectively own a biogas plant). The study suggests that the majority of farmers are willing to participate in partnership-based biogas investment (PBI) and identifies the main factors driving willingness to participate and the intensity of participation. These findings are relevant to policymaking aimed at increasing biogas production and stakeholder engagement.
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    European Commission DG Environment
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-11-16
    Beschreibung: The North American pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is a pest worm species that causes a disease known as pine wilt. It was discovered for the first time in the EU in Portuguese forests in 1999. Today, the entire territory of Portugal is demarcated for the presence of PWN, with a 20 km buffer zone, free from the pest, established along the Spanish border with the aim of preventing its further spread. The spread and establishment of PWN in the rest of EU territory is very likely if no strict measures are taken, as required by Decision 2012/535/EU of the European Commission, with serious economic and environmental consequences. To date, Spain has experienced five outbreaks of PWN, three of which have been successfully eradicated thanks to the EU measures and the effective work of the Spanish forest administration; and two outbreaks are currently being eradicated.
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-11-16
    Beschreibung: Indium, a unique metal, is in short supply worldwide and is not recycled at the end of its life (EoL). Indium is used in a wide range of technologies, causing regions across the world that are reliant on its import — such as Europe — to be concerned about security of supply. Primary sources of indium are thought to be sufficient for medium-term needs, but with growing demand comes growing concern over long-term supply. A new study has conducted a material flow analysis and examined secondary sources of indium within European ‘urban mines’ and in-use stocks (IUS) of indium products, identifying these as potential sources of 500 tonnes of indium — if it were recycled at EoL.
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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