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  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Departamento de Biologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais.
    Publication Date: 2024-06-05
    Description: Plastics are pervasive contaminants worldwide, accumulating from the poles to the equator, spanning pristine environments to deep ocean basins.This workexplores how seasonal variations in a floodplain influence the ingestion of plastics by freshwater fish and systematically examines trends and gaps in Brazilian research related to plastic pollution.Additionally, the potential relationship between anthropogenic activities and the amounts of plastic found in Brazilian aquatic environmentswas investigated.Among the 23 fish species analyzed in the Upper Paraná River floodplain, nine were ingested plastics, and the particles were associated with fishingactivity and domestic waste. Seasonality played a crucial role in the amounts of plastic ingested by these species, with the highest number of particles recorded during the wet season. As for trends and gaps in Brazilian research on plastic pollution, a substantial number of publications related to marine environments, microplastics, and fishwas identified. Conversely, freshwater environments and invertebrates are underexplored.Considering the distribution of studies within Brazilian biomes, the Pantanaland Cerrado had the lowest number of publications—an alarming trend considering the significant rivers and basins they house.Finally, themodels were unable to find strong and significant correlations between the number of plastics and anthropogenic activities in Brazilian municipalities.The lack of significant relationships may be attributed to the limitations of our dataset, specificallydue to the low number of studies.Nevertheless, other factors influenced the quantities of plastic detected.In biotic samples, the number of ingested plastics was influenced by the animal group, with reptiles, birds, and fish being the most affected groups. For abiotic samples, the type of environment emerged as a significant factor.In sediment samples, the quantity of plastics was higher in estuarine and freshwater environments. In water samples, the quantity of plastics was higher exclusively in freshwater environments.The finds of this workcontribute to new research on plastic pollution in Brazilian aquatic environments, expanding theunderstanding of the dynamics of plastics in freshwater environments and their interaction with various organisms.
    Description: Plásticos são contaminantes onipresentes no planeta, acumulando-se dos polos ao equador, desde ambientes pristinos em grandes altitudes até bacias oceânicas profundas. Investigou-se como a ingestão de plásticos por peixes de água doce é influenciada pelas variações sazonais de uma planície de inundação, bem como as tendências e lacunas da pesquisa brasileira em relação a poluição plástica. Investigou-se também a possível relação entre atividades antropogênicas e as quantidades de plástico encontradas nos ambientes aquáticos brasileiros. Das 23 espécies de peixes analisadas na planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná, nove ingeriram plásticos, e as partículas encontradas são associadas com a atividade pesqueira e o lixo doméstico. A sazonalidade promovida pelo ciclo hidrológico desempenhou um papel importante nas quantidades de plásticos ingeridas por essas espécies, onde o maior número de partículas foi registrado durante o período de cheias. Em relação as tendências e lacunas da pesquisa brasileira sobre a poluição plástica, encontrou-se um grande número de publicações para ambientes marinhos, microplásticos e peixes. Ambientes de água doce e invertebrados permanecem pouco estudados no país. Considerando a distribuição dos estudos dentro dos biomas brasileiros, Pantanal e Cerrado foram os biomas com o menor número de publicações, um fato preocupante visto os importantes rios e bacias que estes abrigam. Por fim, os modelos não encontraram correlações entre a quantidade de plásticos e as atividades antropogênicas dos municípios brasileiros. A ausência dessas relações pode estar relacionada às limitações do conjunto de dados, especificamente devido ao baixo número de estudos com dados disponíveis. Entretanto, outros fatores influenciaram as quantidades de plásticos encontradas. Em amostras bióticas, o número de plásticos ingeridos esteve associado ao grupo animal, sendo os répteis, aves e peixes os mais afetados. Para amostras abióticas, o tipo de ambiente foi um fator influente. Em amostras de sedimento o número de plásticos foi maior para ambientes estuarinos e de água doce. Para as amostras de água, o número de plásticos foi maior apenas para ambientes de água doce. Devido aos efeitos negativos da poluição plástica e à importância econômica e ecológica das espécies afetadas, os resultados desse estudo representam um passo importante na avaliação dos impactos gerados nas populações de peixes de água doce pela ingestão de plásticos. Espera-se que estes resultados contribuam para o direcionamento de novas pesquisas em relação a poluição plástica nos ambientes aquáticos brasileiros, e que estes estudos expandam nosso conhecimento sobre a dinâmica dos plásticos em ambientes de água doce, assim como sua interação com diferentes organismos.
    Description: PhD
    Keywords: Organismos de água doce ; Peixes de água doce ; Ecossistemas aquáticos de água doce ; Ingestão de plásticos ; Poluição aquática ; Plásticos ; Impactos ambientais ; Impactos antropogênicos ; Revisão sistemática ; ASFA_2015::F::Freshwater fish ; ASFA_2015::F::Freshwater ecology ; ASFA_2015::O::Organisms (aquatic) ; ASFA_2015::A::Aquatic ecology ; ASFA_2015::E::Ecosystems ; ASFA_2015::P::Pollution ; ASFA_2015::E::Environmental impact ; ASFA_2015::A::Anthropogenic effects ; ASFA_2015::S::Systematics ; ASFA_2015::P::Plastics ; ASFA_2015::L::Literature reviews
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Thesis/Dissertation
    Format: 106pp.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-06-05
    Description: Aim Species have different distribution patterns across the globe and among biogeographical regions. The Nearctic and Palaearctic regions share lineages because of their parallel biogeographic histories and ecological conditions. As the number of phylogenetic studies increases, there are more insights into past exchange events between these two regions and their effects on the current distribution of diversity. However, several groups have not been tested and an overall generalization is still missing. Here, we analyse the biogeographic history across multiple genera of odonates to elucidate a general process of species exchange, vicariance and species divergence between these two regions. Location The Holarctic, including the entire Nearctic and the East and West Palaearctic. Taxon 14 genera of Odonata (Insecta). Methods We reconstructed a time-calibrated phylogenetic tree for each genus to determine species relationships and divergence time using 3614 COI sequences of 259 species. Biogeographic ancestral range estimation was inferred for each phylogeny using BioGeoBEARS. Preferred habitat (lotic versus lentic) was established for each species. Results Exchange events were not restricted in time, direction or either lentic habitat or lotic habitat. Most genera crossed between both regions only once, and it was mainly across the Beringia, while three diverse anisopteran genera revealed multiple exchanges. Recent exchanges during the Pleistocene were associated with cold-dwelling and lentic species. Main Conclusions Our finding reveals the absence of a generalizable pattern of species exchange and divergence between the Nearctic and Palaearctic regions; instead, we found lineage-specific biogeographic patterns. This finding highlights the complexity of drivers and functional traits that shaped current diversity patterns. Moreover, it emphasizes that general conclusions cannot be formulated based on one single clade.
    Keywords: biogeography ; climate change ; damselflies ; dragonflies ; Holarctic
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-06-05
    Description: The emergence of alternative stable states in forest systems has significant implications for the functioning and structure of the terrestrial biosphere, yet empirical evidence remains scarce. Here, we combine global forest biodiversity observations and simulations to test for alternative stable states in the presence of evergreen and deciduous forest types. We reveal a bimodal distribution of forest leaf types across temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere that cannot be explained by the environment alone, suggesting signatures of alternative forest states. Moreover, we empirically demonstrate the existence of positive feedbacks in tree growth, recruitment and mortality, with trees having 4–43% higher growth rates, 14–17% higher survival rates and 4–7 times higher recruitment rates when they are surrounded by trees of their own leaf type. Simulations show that the observed positive feedbacks are necessary and sufficient to generate alternative forest states, which also lead to dependency on history (hysteresis) during ecosystem transition from evergreen to deciduous forests and vice versa. We identify hotspots of bistable forest types in evergreen-deciduous ecotones, which are likely driven by soil-related positive feedbacks. These findings are integral to predicting the distribution of forest biomes, and aid to our understanding of biodiversity, carbon turnover, and terrestrial climate feedbacks.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-06-05
    Description: Upwelling systems are significant sources of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N₂O). The Benguela Upwelling System is one of the most productive regions worldwide and a temporally variable source of N₂O. Strong O₂ depletions above the shelf are favoring periodically OMZ formations. We aimed to assess underlying N₂O production and consumption processes on different temporal and spatial scales during austral winter in the Benguela Upwelling System, when O₂⁻deficiency in the water column is relatively low. The fieldwork took place during the cruise M157 (August 4ᵗʰ – September 16ᵗʰ 2019) onboard the R/V METEOR. This expedition included four close-coastal regions around Walvis Bay at 23°S, which presented the lowest O₂ concentrations near the seafloor and thus may provide hotspots of N₂O production. Seawater was collected in 10 L free-flow bottles by using a rosette system equipped with conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensors (SBE 911plus, Seabird-electronics, USA).Seawater samples were collected from 10 L free-flow bottles bubble-free, filled into 200 mL serum bottles and immediately fixed with saturated mercury chloride (HgCl₂). Concentrations of dissolved N₂O were measured by a purge and trap system using a dynamic headspace (Sabbaghzadeh et al., 2021). The N₂O gas saturation (N₂Oₛₐₜ in %) was calculated from the concentration ratio between the seawater sample and seawater equilibrated with the atmosphere. ∆N₂O (N₂O saturation disequilibrium in nmol L⁻¹) was calculated as the difference between the measured N₂O concentration and the atmospheric equilibrium N₂O concentration using Bunsen solubility coefficient (Weiss and Price, 1980). AOU (apparent oxygen utilization in µmol L⁻¹) expresses the O₂ consumption by microbial respiration and was calculated as the difference between the equilibrated O₂ and observed O₂ concentration with the same physico-chemical properties (Weiss and Price, 1980).
    Keywords: apparent oxygen utilization; Benguela Upwelling System; BUSUC 1; Calculated according to Weiss and Price (1980); CTD, Sea-Bird SBE 911plus; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Event label; Field observation; Gas chromatography, Agilent 7820B, coupled with a flame ionization detector and an Electron Capture Detector; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; M157; M157_14-2; M157_16-3; M157_17-2; M157_2-8; Measured according to Sabbaghzadeh et al. (2021); Meteor (1986); Namibia; nitrous oxide; Nitrous oxide, dissolved; Nitrous oxide, dissolved, disequilibrium; Nitrous oxide, dry air; Nitrous oxide saturation; Oxygen, apparent utilization; oxygen minimum zone; Partial pressure of nitrous oxide in wet air; Sample code/label; Station label
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 332 data points
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  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma De México
    Publication Date: 2024-06-05
    Keywords: Air temperature at 2 m height; BARO; Barometer; Baseline Surface Radiation Network; BSRN; DATE/TIME; Diffuse radiation; Diffuse radiation, maximum; Diffuse radiation, minimum; Diffuse radiation, standard deviation; Direct radiation; Direct radiation, maximum; Direct radiation, minimum; Direct radiation, standard deviation; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; HYGRO; Hygrometer; Long-wave downward radiation; Long-wave downward radiation, maximum; Long-wave downward radiation, minimum; Long-wave downward radiation, standard deviation; Long-wave upward radiation; Long-wave upward radiation, maximum; Long-wave upward radiation, minimum; Long-wave upward radiation, standard deviation; Mexico; Monitoring station; MONS; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CMP22, SN 160484, WRMC No. 83003; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CMP22, SN 160486, WRMC No. 83001; Pyrgeometer, Kipp & Zonen, CGR4, SN 140084, WRMC No. 83004; Pyrheliometer, Kipp & Zonen, CHP 1, SN 140189, WRMC No. 83002; SEL; Selegua, Mexico Solarimetric Station; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation, maximum; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation, minimum; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation, standard deviation; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation, maximum; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation, minimum; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation, standard deviation; Station pressure; Thermometer; UV-Biometer, Solar Light 501A, SN 19489, WRMC No. 83007
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1163609 data points
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-06-05
    Keywords: air temperature; B1; B3; Climate change; DATE/TIME; Date/Time local; Event label; hydrology; IT25_B1; IT25_B3; IT25_P2; IT25_S3; IT25_S4; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; long-term ecological monitoring; Long-term Socio-Ecological Research (LTSER) site Matschertal/Val di Mazia; LTER site; LTSER_Matsch; meteorology; Monitoring station; MONS; Optional event label; P2; precipitation; Quality code; relative humidity; S3; S4; snow height; Soil Moisture and Temperature Sensor, Campbell Scientific, CS655; soil temperature; soil water content; soil water potential; Solar radiation; Temperature, soil; wind direction; wind speed
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10435248 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-06-05
    Keywords: air temperature; B1; B3; Climate change; DATE/TIME; Date/Time local; Event label; hydrology; IT25_B1; IT25_B3; IT25_P2; IT25_S3; IT25_S4; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; long-term ecological monitoring; Long-term Socio-Ecological Research (LTSER) site Matschertal/Val di Mazia; LTER site; LTSER_Matsch; meteorology; Monitoring station; MONS; Optional event label; P2; precipitation; Quality code; relative humidity; S3; S4; snow height; Soil Moisture and Temperature Sensor, Campbell Scientific, CS655; soil temperature; soil water content; Soil water content, volumetric; soil water potential; Solar radiation; wind direction; wind speed
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10428948 data points
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Université de La Réunion
    Publication Date: 2024-06-05
    Keywords: Air temperature at 2 m height; BARO; Barometer; Baseline Surface Radiation Network; BSRN; DATE/TIME; Diffuse radiation; Diffuse radiation, maximum; Diffuse radiation, minimum; Diffuse radiation, standard deviation; Direct radiation; Direct radiation, maximum; Direct radiation, minimum; Direct radiation, standard deviation; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; HYGRO; Hygrometer; Long-wave downward radiation; Long-wave downward radiation, maximum; Long-wave downward radiation, minimum; Long-wave downward radiation, standard deviation; Monitoring station; MONS; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CMP22, SN 120360, WRMC No. 82002; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CMP22, SN 140114, WRMC No. 82001; Pyrgeometer, Kipp & Zonen, CGR4, SN 150123, WRMC No. 82004; Pyrheliometer, Kipp & Zonen, CH1, SN 040374, WRMC No. 82003; Reunion; Reunion Island, University; RUN; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation, maximum; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation, minimum; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation, standard deviation; Station pressure; Thermometer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 820716 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-06-05
    Description: Upwelling systems are significant sources of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N₂O). The Benguela Upwelling System is one of the most productive regions worldwide and a temporally variable source of N₂O. Strong O₂ depletions above the shelf are favoring periodically OMZ formations. We aimed to assess underlying N₂O production and consumption processes on different temporal and spatial scales during austral winter in the Benguela Upwelling System, when O₂-deficiency in the water column is relatively low. The fieldwork took place during the cruise M157 (August 4ᵗʰ – September 16ᵗʰ 2019) onboard the R/V METEOR. This expedition included four close-coastal regions around Walvis Bay at 23°S, which presented the lowest O₂ concentrations near the seafloor and thus may provide hotspots of N₂O production. Seawater was collected in 10 L free-flow bottles by using a rosette system equipped with conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensors (SBE 911plus, Seabird-electronics, USA). Concentrations of inorganic nutrients (PO₄³⁻, NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, and SiO₂) were measured colorimetrically according to Grasshoff et al. (1999) by means of a continuous segmented flow analyzer (SEAL Analytical, QuAAtro39). To determine the water mass fractions along the sampling transects, vertical profiles were collected using a free-falling microstructure profiler (MSS90L, Sea & Sun Technology). Temperature, dissolved oxygen, and salinity were measured with a CTD system consisting of a SeaBird 911+ probe, mounted on a sampling rosette.
    Keywords: Ammonium; Benguela Upwelling System; BUSUC 1; Continuous Segmented Flow Analyzer, SEAL Analytical, QuAAtro39; CTD, Sea-Bird SBE 911plus; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Event label; Field observation; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; M157; M157_10-7; M157_11-4; M157_12-2; M157_14-2; M157_16-25; M157_16-3; M157_16-6; M157_17-16; M157_17-2; M157_24-1; M157_25-1; M157_2-8; M157_28-1; M157_2-9; M157_36-2; M157_41-14; M157_42-2; M157_43-2; M157_43-6; M157_9-2; Meteor (1986); Microstructure profiler, Sea & Sun Technology, MSS90L; Namibia; Nitrate; Nitrite; nutrients; Oxygen; oxygen minimum zone; PCTD-RO; Phosphate; PumpCTD/Rosette; Salinity; Sample code/label; Silicate; Station label; Temperature, water; Water mass; water mass fraction
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1660 data points
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-06-05
    Keywords: air temperature; Anemometer; B1; B3; Climate change; DATE/TIME; Date/Time local; Event label; hydrology; IT25_B1; IT25_B3; IT25_P2; IT25_S3; IT25_S4; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; long-term ecological monitoring; Long-term Socio-Ecological Research (LTSER) site Matschertal/Val di Mazia; LTER site; LTSER_Matsch; meteorology; Monitoring station; MONS; Optional event label; P2; precipitation; Quality code; relative humidity; S3; S4; snow height; soil temperature; soil water content; soil water potential; Solar radiation; wind direction; Wind direction; wind speed; Wind speed
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 7286649 data points
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