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Machine learning techniques for space weather (2018)

Wing, Simon ; Camporeale, Enrico ; Johnson, Jay

Amsterdam : Elsevier

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Signatur: M 18.91612

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Front Cover -- Machine Learning Techniques for Space Weather -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Introduction -- Machine Learning and Space Weather -- Scope and Structure of the Book -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Part I: Space Weather -- Chapter 1: Societal and Economic Importance of Space Weather -- 1 What is Space Weather? -- 2 Why Now? -- 3 Impacts -- 3.1 Geomagnetically Induced Currents -- 3.2 Global Navigation Satellite Systems -- 3.3 Single-Event Effects -- 3.4 Other Radio Systems -- 3.5 Satellite Drag -- 4 Looking to the Future -- 5 Summary and Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 2: Data Availability and Forecast Products for Space Weather -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data and Models Based on Machine Learning Approaches -- 3 Space Weather Agencies -- 3.1 Government Agencies -- 3.1.1 NOAA's Data and Products -- 3.1.2 NASA -- 3.1.3 European Space Agency -- 3.1.4 The US Air Force Weather Wing -- 3.2 Academic Institutions -- 3.2.1 Kyoto University, Japan -- 3.2.2 Rice University, USA -- 3.2.3 Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, USA -- 3.3 Commercial Providers -- 3.4 Other Nonprofit, Corporate Research Agencies -- 3.4.1 USGS -- 3.4.2 JHU Applied Physics Lab -- 3.4.3 US Naval Research Lab -- 3.4.4 Other International Service Providers -- 4 Summary -- References -- Part II: Machine Learning -- Chapter 3: An Information-Theoretical Approach to Space Weather -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Complex Systems Framework -- 3 State Variables -- 4 Dependency, Correlations, and Information -- 4.1 Mutual Information as a Measure of Nonlinear Dependence -- 4.2 Cumulant-Based Cost as a Measure of Nonlinear Dependence -- 4.3 Causal Dependence -- 4.4 Transfer Entropy and Redundancy as Measures of Causal Relations -- 4.5 Conditional Redundancy -- 4.6 Significance of Discriminating Statistics

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 4.7 Mutual Information and Information Flow -- 5 Examples From Magnetospheric Dynamics -- 6 Significance as an Indicator of Changes in Underlying Dynamics -- 6.1 Detecting Dynamics in a Noisy System -- 6.2 Cumulant-Based Information Flow -- 7 Discussion -- 8 Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 4: Regression -- 1 What is Regression? -- 2 Learning From Noisy Data -- 2.1 Prediction Errors -- 2.2 A Probabilistic Set-Up -- 2.3 The Least Squares Method for Linear Regression -- 2.3.1 The Least Squares Method and the Best Linear Predictor -- 2.3.2 The Least Squares Method and the Maximum Likelihood Principle -- 2.3.3 A More General Approach and Higher-Order Predictors -- 2.4 Overfitting -- 2.4.1 The Order Selection Problem -- Error Decomposition: The Bias Versus Variance Trade-Off -- Some Popular Order Selection Criteria -- 2.4.2 Regularization -- 2.5 From Point Predictors to Interval Predictors -- 2.5.1 Distribution-Free Interval Predictors -- 2.6 Probability Density Estimation -- 3 Predictions Without Probabilities -- 3.1 Approximation Theory -- Dense Sets -- Best Approximator -- 3.1.1 Neural Networks -- The Backpropagation Algorithm: High-Level Idea -- Multiple Layers Networks (Deep Networks) -- 4 Probabilities Everywhere: Bayesian Regression -- 4.1 Gaussian Process Regression -- 5 Learning in the Presence of Time: Identification of Dynamical Systems -- 5.1 Linear Time-Invariant Systems -- 5.2 Nonlinear Systems -- References -- Chapter 5: Supervised Classification: Quite a Brief Overview -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Learning, Not Modeling -- 1.2 An Outline -- 2 Classifiers -- 2.1 Preliminaries -- 2.2 The Bayes Classifier -- 2.3 Generative Probabilistic Classifiers -- 2.4 Discriminative Probabilistic Classifiers -- 2.5 Losses and Hypothesis Spaces -- 2.5.1 0-1 Loss -- 2.5.2 Convex Surrogate Losses

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 2.5.3 Particular Surrogate Losses -- 2.6 Neural Networks -- 2.7 Neighbors, Trees, Ensembles, and All that -- 2.7.1 k Nearest Neighbors -- 2.7.2 Decision Trees -- 2.7.3 Multiple Classifier Systems -- 3 Representations and Classifier Complexity -- 3.1 Feature Transformations -- 3.1.1 The Kernel Trick -- 3.2 Dissimilarity Representation -- 3.3 Feature Curves and the Curse of Dimensionality -- 3.4 Feature Extraction and Selection -- 4 Evaluation -- 4.1 Apparent Error and Holdout Set -- 4.2 Resampling Techniques -- 4.2.1 Leave-One-Out and k-Fold Cross-Validation -- 4.2.2 Bootstrap Estimators -- 4.2.3 Tests of Significance -- 4.3 Learning Curves and the Single Best Classifier -- 4.4 Some Words About More Realistic Scenarios -- 5 Regularization -- 6 Variations on Standard Classification -- 6.1 Multiple Instance Learning -- 6.2 One-Class Classification, Outliers, and Reject Options -- 6.3 Contextual Classification -- 6.4 Missing Data and Semisupervised Learning -- 6.5 Transfer Learning and Domain Adaptation -- 6.6 Active Learning -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Part III: Applications -- Chapter 6: Untangling the Solar Wind Drivers of the Radiation Belt: An Information Theoretical Approach -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data Set -- 3 Mutual Information, Conditional Mutual Information, and Transfer Entropy -- 4 Applying Information Theory to Radiation Belt MeV Electron Data -- 4.1 Radiation Belt MeV Electron Flux Versus Vsw -- 4.2 Radiation Belt MeV Electron Flux Versus nsw -- 4.3 Anticorrelation of Vsw and nsw and Its Effect on Radiation Belt -- 4.4 Ranking of Solar Wind Parameters Based on Information Transfer to Radiation Belt Electrons -- 4.5 Detecting Changes in the System Dynamics -- 5 Discussion -- 5.1 Geo-Effectiveness of Solar Wind Velocity -- 5.2 nsw and Vsw Anticorrelation

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 5.3 Geo-Effectiveness of Solar Wind Density -- 5.4 Revisiting the Triangle Distribution -- 5.5 Improving Models With Information Theory -- 5.5.1 Selecting Input Parameters -- 5.5.2 Detecting Nonstationarity in System Dynamics -- 5.5.3 Prediction Horizon -- 6 Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 7: Emergence of Dynamical Complexity in the Earth's Magnetosphere -- 1 Introduction -- 2 On Complexity and Dynamical Complexity -- 3 Coherence and Intermittent Features in Time Series Geomagnetic Indices -- 4 Scale-Invariance and Self-Similarity in Geomagnetic Indices -- 5 Near-Criticality Dynamics -- 6 Multifractional Features and Dynamical Phase Transitions -- 7 Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 8: Applications of NARMAX in Space Weather -- 1 Introduction -- 2 NARMAX Methodology -- 2.1 Forward Regression Orthogonal Least Square -- 2.2 The Noise Model -- 2.3 Model Validation -- 2.4 Summary -- 3 NARMAX and Space Weather Forecasting -- 3.1 Geomagnetic Indices -- 3.1.1 SISO Dst Index -- 3.1.2 Continuous Time Dst model -- 3.1.3 MISO Dst -- 3.1.4 Kp Index -- 3.2 Radiation Belt Electron Fluxes -- 3.2.1 GOES High Energy -- 3.2.2 SNB3GEO Comparison With NOAA REFM -- 3.2.3 GOES Low Energy -- 3.3 Summary of NARMAX Models -- 4 NARMAX and Insight Into the Physics -- 4.1 NARMAX Deduced Solar Wind-Magnetosphere Coupling Function -- 4.2 Identification of Radiation Belt Control Parameters -- 4.2.1 Solar Wind Density Relationship With Relativistic Electrons at GEO -- 4.2.2 Geostationary Local Quasilinear Diffusion vs. Radial Diffusion -- 4.3 Frequency Domain Analysis of the Dst Index -- 5 Discussions and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: Probabilistic Forecasting of Geomagnetic Indices Using Gaussian Process Models -- 1 Geomagnetic Time Series and Forecasting -- 2 Dst Forecasting

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 2.1 Models and Algorithms -- 2.2 Probabilistic Forecasting -- 3 Gaussian Processes -- 3.1 Gaussian Process Regression: Formulation -- 3.2 Gaussian Process Regression: Inference -- 4 One-Hour Ahead Dst Prediction -- 4.1 Data Source: OMNI -- 4.2 Gaussian Process Dst Model -- 4.3 Gaussian Process Auto-Regressive (GP-AR) -- 4.4 GP-AR With eXogenous Inputs (GP-ARX) -- 5 One-Hour Ahead Dst Prediction: Model Design -- 5.1 Choice of Mean Function -- 5.2 Choice of Kernel -- 5.3 Model Selection: Hyperparameters -- 5.3.1 Grid Search -- 5.3.2 Coupled Simulated Annealing -- 5.3.3 Maximum Likelihood -- 5.4 Model Selection: Auto-Regressive Order -- 6 GP-AR and GP-ARX: Workflow Summary -- 7 Practical Issues: Software -- 8 Experiments and Results -- 8.1 Model Selection and Validation Performance -- 8.2 Comparison of Hyperparameter Selection Algorithms -- 8.3 Final Evaluation -- 8.4 Sample Predictions With Error Bars -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Prediction of MeV Electron Fluxes and Forecast Verification -- 1 Relativistic Electrons in Earth's Outer Radiation Belt -- 1.1 Source, Loss, Transport, and Acceleration, Variation -- 2 Numerical Techniques in Radiation Belt Forecasting -- 3 Relativistic Electron Forecasting and Verification -- 3.1 Forecast Verification -- 3.2 Relativistic Electron Forecasting -- 4 Summary -- References -- Chapter 11: Artificial Neural Networks for Determining Magnetospheric Conditions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Brief Review of ANNs -- 3 Methodology and Application -- 3.1 The DEN2D Model -- 4 Advanced Applications -- 4.1 The DEN3D Model -- 4.2 The Chorus and Hiss Wave Models -- 4.3 Radiation Belt Flux Modeling -- 5 Summary and Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 12: Reconstruction of Plasma Electron Density From Satellite Measurements Via Artificial Neural Networks

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1 Overview

Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar

Seiten: xviii, 433 Seiten , Illustrationen

ISBN: 978-0-12-811788-0

Klassifikation:

Geophysik

Sprache: Englisch

Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben

Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek

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Monographie ausleihbar

Moment tensor solutions : a useful tool for seismotectonics (2018)

D'Amico, Sebastiano [HerausgeberIn]

Cham : Springer

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Signatur: 5/M 18.91569

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This book first focuses on the explanation of the theory about focal mechanisms and moment tensor solutions and their role in the modern seismology. The second part of the book compiles several state-of-the-art case studies in different seismotectonic settings of the planet.The assessment of seismic hazard and the reduction of losses due to future earthquakes is probably the most important contribution of seismology to society. In this regard, the understanding of reliable determination seismic source and of its uncertainty can play a key role in contributing to geodynamic investigation, seismic hazard assessment and earthquake studies. In the last two decades, the use of waveforms recorded at local-to-regional distances has increased considerably. Waveform modeling has been used also to estimate faulting parameters of small-to-moderate sized earthquakes.

Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar

Seiten: xi, 752 Seiten , Karten, Diagramme, Illustrationen

ISBN: 9783319773582 , 978-3-319-77358-2

ISSN: 2365-0656 , 2365-0664

Serie: Springer Natural Hazards

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77359-9

Klassifikation:

Seismologie

Sprache: Englisch

Anmerkung: Contents ISOLA Code for Multiple-Point Source Modeling—Review / Jiří Zahradník and Efthimios Sokos Seismic Moment Tensors in Anisotropic Media: A Review / Václav Vavryčuk The Frequency-Domain Moment-Tensor Inversion: Retrieving the Complete Source Moment-Tensor Spectra and Time Histories / Xiaoning Yang, Brian W. Stump and Mason D. Macphail Berkeley Seismic Moment Tensor Method, Uncertainty Analysis, and Study of Non-double-couple Seismic Events / Douglas S. Dreger Estimating Stability and Resolution of Waveform Inversion Focal Mechanisms / S. Scolaro, C. Totaro, D. Presti, Sebastiano D’Amico, G. Neri and B. Orecchio The Method of Cataclastic Analysis of Discontinuous Displacements / Yu. L. Rebetsky and A. Yu. Polets Challenges in Regional Moment Tensor Resolution and Interpretation / Simone Cesca and Sebastian Heimann The Role of Moment Tensors in the Characterization of Hydraulic Stimulations / Ismael Vera Rodriguez, James Rutledge and Sergey Stanchits Constrained Moment Tensors: Source Models and Case Studies / Jan Šílený Seismic Deformation Derived from Moment Tensor Summation: Application Along the Hellenic Trench / Anastasia Kiratzi, Christoforos Benetatos and Filippos Vallianatos Estimation of Empirical Green’s Tensor Spatial Derivative Elements: A Preliminary Study Using Strong Motion Records in Southern Fukui Prefecture, Japan / Michihiro Ohori Retrieval of the Seismic Moment Tensor from Joint Measurements of Translational and Rotational Ground Motions: Sparse Networks and Single Stations / Stefanie Donner, Heiner Igel, Céline Hadziioannou and the Romy group Overview of Moment Tensor Analysis in New Zealand / John Ristau Applications of Moment Tensor Solutions to the Assessment of Earthquake Hazard in Canada / J. F. Cassidy, H. Kao, John Ristau and A. Bent Intraplate Earthquakes in Europe—Source Parameters from Regional Moment Tensor Analysis / Jochen Braunmiller Source Characteristics of the January 8, 2013 (M W = 5.7) and May 24, 2014 (M W = 6.8) North Aegean Earthquakes Sequence / Doğan Kalafat, Kıvanç Kekovalı and Ali Pınar Investigating the Focal Mechanisms of the August 4th, 2003, Mw 7.6, South Orkney Islands Earthquake and its Aftershocks Sequence / M. P. Plasencia Linares, M. Guidarelli, M. Russi and G. F. Panza Waveform Modelling of 2009 Bhutan Earthquake of Magnitude 6.1 (Mw) Using Local Network Data of North East India / Santanu Baruah and Midusmita Boruah Resolving the Tectonic Stress by the Inversion of Earthquake Focal Mechanisms. Application in the Region of Greece. A Tutorial / Ioannis G. Kassaras and Vasilis Kapetanidis Relative Locations of Clustered Earthquakes in the Sea of Marmara and States of Local Stresses in the East of the Central Marmara Basin / Yasemin Korkusuz Öztürk and Nurcan Meral Özel Focal Mechanisms of Earthquakes and Stress Field of the Earth Crust in Azerbaijan / G. J. Yetirmishli and S. E. Kazimova Seismotectonic Crustal Strains of the Mongol-Baikal Seismic Belt from Seismological Data / Alena Seredkina and Valentina Melnikova The Stress State of Seismic Areas of the Central and East Asia / Yu. L. Rebetsky, A. Yu. Polets, O. A. Kuchay and N. A. Sycheva The Significance of Crustal Velocity Model in Moment Tensor Solutions: A Case Study of Yedisu Earthquakes / Fatih Turhan, Musavver Didem Cambaz and Jiří Zahradník An Overview of the Seismicity and Tectonics of the Black Sea / Doğan Kalafat Coulomb Stress Changes in the Area of December 2013–January 2014 Sannio-Matese Seismic Sequence (Southern Italy) / Santanu Baruah and Sebastiano D’Amico Active Faulting in the Earth’s Crust of the Baikal Rift System Based on the Earthquake Focal Mechanisms / Vladimir A. Sankov and Anna A. Dobrynina Quaternary Stress Field and Faulting in the Western Part of the Catanzaro Trough (Calabria, Southern Italy) / F. Brutto, F. Muto, M. F. Loreto, Sebastiano D’Amico, N. De Paola, V. Tripodi and S. Critelli A Seismogenic Zone Model for Seismic Hazard Studies in Northwestern Africa / J. A. Peláez, J. Henares, M. Hamdache and C. Sanz de Galdeano A Trial Modeling of Perturbed Repeating Earthquakes Combined by Mathematical Statics, Numerical Modeling and Seismological Observations / Keisuke Ariyoshi, Shunichi Nomura, Naoki Uchida and Toshihiro Igarashi Getting Started with GMT: An Introduction for Seismologists / Matthew R. Agius Devices for a Rotational Ground Motion Measurement / Leszek R. Jaroszewicz and Anna Kurzych

Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben

Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek

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Monographie ausleihbar

Hans Stille (1876-1966) geologist (1978-)

Şengör, A. M. Celâl ; Greiling, Reinhard O. ; Kautzleben, Heinz ; [weitere]

Stuttgart : Schweizerbart Science Publishers ; Volume 1, number 1 (1978)-

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Signatur: M 18.91571

Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar

Seiten: 134 Seiten

ISSN: 2363-7196

Serie: Global tectonics and metallogeny : special issue Vol. 10/2-4

Klassifikation:

Tektonik

Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Global tectonics and metallogeny

Sprache: Englisch

Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben

Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek

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Monographie ausleihbar

Tectonic Evolution of the Eastern Black Sea and Caucasus (2017)

Sosson, Marc [Hrsg.] ; Stephenson, Randell [Hrsg.] ; Adamia, Shota [Hrsg.]

London : Geological Society

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Signatur: 9/M 07.0421(428)

In: Geological Society special publication

Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar

Seiten: 368 Seiten

ISBN: 9781862397392

Serie: Geologial Society of London Special Publications 428

URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/428/1

Klassifikation:

Tektonik

Standort: Lesesaal

Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek

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Schriftenreihen ausleihbar

Monogenetic volcanism (2017)

Németh, Károly [HerausgeberIn] ; Carrasco-Núñez, Gerardo [HerausgeberIn] ; Aranda-Gómez, José Jorge [HerausgeberIn] ; [weitere]

London : The Geological Society

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Signatur: 9/M 07.0421(446)

In: Geological Society special publication ; 446

Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar

Seiten: 382 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten, Diagramme

ISBN: 9781786202765

Serie: Special publication / Geological Society of London no. 446

URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/446/1

Klassifikation:

Geophysik

Sprache: Englisch

Standort: Lesesaal

Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek

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Monographie ausleihbar

77. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft : 27.-30. März 2017 in Potsdam ; [ ... Abstracts ...] (2015)

Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft. Jahrestagung 27.-30 März 2017 Potsdam

Potsdam : Universität | Potsdam : Helmholtz-Zentrum GFZ

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Signatur: M 17.90813

Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar

Seiten: 402 Seiten

URL: http://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/escidoc:2235907/component/escidoc:2238900/DGG_Jahrestagung_2017_2235907.pdf

URL: http://doi.org/10.2312/dgg77

Klassifikation:

Geophysik

Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben

Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek

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Monographie ausleihbar

Mine Seismology: Data Analysis and Interpretation : Palabora Mine Caving Process as Revealed by Induced Seismicity (2016)

Glazer, S. N. [VerfasserIn]

Cham : Springer International Publishing

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Signatur: 5/M 17.90712

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. Introduction -- 2. Applications of Seismic Monitoring in Combating Rock Burst Hazard -- 3. Seismic Parameters and their Physical Meaning -- 4. Ranges of Parameters -- 5. Interpretation Methods of Mine Induced Seismicity -- 6. Palabora Seismic History -- 7. Palabora Caving Process as Evidenced by Induced Seismicity -- 8. Caving Process and Seismic Hazard -- 9. Problems Related to Software Versions -- 10. Seismic Preconditioning below Lift 1 Mine and its Influence on the Cavability of Lift 2 Cave -- 11. Palabora Lift 2 Mine Seismic System -- 12. Seismic Hazard Monitoring for Lift 2 -- Appendices -- Index

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This book offers an in-depth analysis and interpretation methods applicable to mine-induced seismicity. It is based on over 40 years of experience in mine and exploration geophysics. Another unique feature of this book is the complete history of the caving process as evidenced by the recorded seismicity at the South African copper mine Palabora Lift 1. Until now, the literature has only presented theory and case studies discussing the interpretation of results, and there has been no discussion of the input-data quality or why a certain interpretation technique was applied. This book fills that gap. This book is a fascinating read, written by one of the world’s leading mine seismologists. It summarises the history and progression of mine seismology. It outlines the practical use of back analysis of data and how it can be used on a daily basis. The book explains how mine seismology can be used as an effective monitoring tool for key events as the mine progresses as well as for future caving operations. Anthony Allman MAusIMM, CP(Min), RPEQ Antcia Consulting Pty Ltd, Director, Mining Engineer The content of the book is really solid and robust and I have no doubt it is going to be considered a great contribution for the mining community. Raul Fuentes, Former Director of Master Program in Geomechanics Applied to Mining, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile This book is long overdue and helps to present some difficult concepts in a way that they can be clearly understood by non-experts in this area. Stefan has personally managed to take mine seismology from being a black-art into a useful tool to help make mines a safer and more controlled environment. Neil Hepworth C. Eng, MIMMM, Geomin Consultorio - Brazil, Consultant Mining and Geotechnics Seismic monitoring is an important tool in cave management. The information from monitoring allows a number of key production factors to be determined including cave advance rates, the approximate location of the cave back, insight into the size of the air gap and allows the tracking of broad changes in stress. These all assist in the day to day management of a safe and successful cave. Dr. Glazer’s book provides guidance on the application of microseismicity to cave management through a review of appropriate theory and more importantly illustrates its use through case histories, particularly from the Palabora block cave. The text will be a good addition for all practitioners in cave engineering and operations. All ...

Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar

Seiten: XV, 414 S.

Ausgabe: Online edition Springer eBook Collection. Earth and Environmental Science

ISBN: 9783319326115

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-32612-2

Klassifikation:

Seismologie

Sprache: Englisch

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Volltext

Monographie ausleihbar

Tectonics of the Deccan large igneous province (2017)

Mukherjee, Soumyajit [HerausgeberIn] ; Misra, Achyuta Ayan [HerausgeberIn] ; Calvés, Gérôme [HerausgeberIn] ; [weitere]

London : Geological Society,

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Signatur: 9/M 07.0421(445)

In: Geological Society special publication ; 445

Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar

Seiten: 363 Seiten , Illustrationen

ISBN: 978178620275-8

Serie: Geological Society special publications 445

URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/445/1

Klassifikation:

Tektonik

Standort: Lesesaal

Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek

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Monographie ausleihbar

Computational seismology : a practical introduction (2016)

Igel, Heiner

Oxford : Oxford Univerity Press

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Signatur: 5/M 16.90278 ; 5/M 16.90278

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This book is an introductory text to a range of numerical methods used today to simulate time-dependent processes in Earth science, physics, engineering, and many other fields. The physical problem of elastic wave propagation in 1D serves as a model system with which the various numerical methods are introduced and compared. The theoretical background is presented with substantial graphical material supporting the concepts. The results can be reproduced with the supplementary electronic material provided as python codes embedded in Jupyter notebooks. The book starts with a primer on the physics of elastic wave propagation, and a chapter on the fundamentals of parallel programming, computational grids, mesh generation, and hardware models. The core of the book is the presentation of numerical solutions of the wave equation with six different methods: 1) the finite-difference method; 2) the pseudospectral method (Fourier and Chebyshev); 3) the linear finite-element method; 4) the spectral-element method; 5) the finite-volume method; and 6) the discontinuous Galerkin method. Each chapter contains comprehension questions, theoretical, and programming exercises. The book closes with a discussion of domains of application and criteria for the choice of a specific numerical method, and the presentation of current challenges.

Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar

Seiten: 1 volume , Illustrationen , 25 cm

ISBN: 9780198717409 ((hbk.) £60.00) , 9780198717416 ((pbk.) £29.99)

Klassifikation:

Seismologie

Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache

Standort: Lesesaal

Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek

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Monographie ausleihbar

Fluid-induced seismicity (2015)

Shapiro, S. A.

Cambridge : Cambridge Univ. Press

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Signatur: 5/M 15.0118 ; 5/M 16.24249

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The characterisation of fluid transport properties of rocks is one of the most important, yet difficult, challenges of reservoir geophysics, but is essential for optimal development of hydrocarbon and geothermal reservoirs. This book provides a quantitative introduction to the underlying physics, application, interpretation, and hazard aspects of fluid-induced seismicity with a particular focus on its spatio-temporal dynamics. It presents many real data examples of microseismic monitoring of hydraulic fracturing at hydrocarbon fields and of stimulations of enhanced geothermal systems. The author also covers introductory aspects of linear elasticity and poroelasticity theory, as well as elements of seismic rock physics and mechanics of earthquakes, enabling readers to develop a comprehensive understanding of the field. Fluid-Induced Seismicity is a valuable reference for researchers and graduate students working in the fields of geophysics, geology, geomechanics and petrophysics, and a practical guide for petroleum geoscientists and engineers working in the energy industry.

Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar

Seiten: xiii, 276 S. : graph. Darst., Ill.

ISBN: 9780521884570

Klassifikation:

Seismologie

Standort: Lesesaal

Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek

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