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  • Books  (74)
  • bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
  • 2020-2024  (74)
  • 1950-1954
  • 2022  (74)
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  • Books  (74)
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  • 2020-2024  (74)
  • 1950-1954
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  • 1
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    Springer Nature | Springer International Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022-07-14
    Description: This open access book describes strategies and experiences of highly skilled professionals in improving oncology care worldwide. The book is structured into three main sections with several chapters each, reflecting the authors' individual, real-life experiences. It explores ways to improve oncology education and scientific training, how to set up and run a clinical research facility ethically and efficiently in low- and middle-income settings, addressing the challenges that the workforce encounters in the real world. The main challenges of today’s oncologists seem to be the ever-growing patient care and administrative workload and the risk of burn-out. What are the best strategies to maintain a healthy work-life for the benefit of the patients, the physicians and society, taking into account the different needs, depending on factors like peace, social and gender equality? This book addresses oncologists all over the world and their allies throughout the associated industries to highlight the importance of shared and sustainable education, clinical research and global cancer care.
    Keywords: SDG3 ; Wellbeing ; Public Health ; Sustainable development ; Equal access ; Cancer care ; Medical education ; Clinical research ; Essential medicines ; Online learning ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MQ Nursing & ancillary services::MQP Pharmacy / dispensing
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: This edited volume contains 18 articles published in Sustainability from late 2018 to early 2021. During that time, the world faced the fatal and widespread health crisis, COVID-19, which had threatened the social and public health systems at every corner for quite some time.As the Guest-Editors and also a contributing authors, we are glad that the academic contents from the Special Issue will now be put together in this volume, making the authors' hard work and efforts accessible to the larger audience.
    Keywords: mobile phone penetration ; divorce rate ; marital happiness ; well-being ; physical exercises and sports ; sex ; educational background ; social public health ; health communication ; sleep hygiene ; health ; old people ; association ; logistic regression ; periodic general health examination ; fear of illness detection ; Vietnam ; depression ; acculturation stress ; social connectedness ; international students ; university students ; ASSIS ; Mindsponge ; multicultural ; emotional labor ; surface acting ; emotional dissonance ; occupational stress ; moderated mediation ; hospital ; rural and urban hospitals ; healthcare ; sustainable rural health ; the financial condition ; government health expenditure (GHE) efficiency ; data envelopment analysis (DEA) method ; Moran’s I value ; spatial spillover effect (SSE) ; spatial Durbin model (SDM) ; diet ; nutrition ; intake ; public health ; health professionals ; dietary risk ; depressive disorder ; university student ; scientific output ; international collaboration ; funding ; Korea ; Japan ; China ; scientific impact ; scientific quality ; coronavirus ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; pandemic ; policy response ; social media ; science journalism ; public health system ; healthcare systems ; aged populations ; job insecurity ; health and consumption indicators ; gender inequalities ; sustainable preventive policies ; readmission ; social capital ; economics ; mental health ; drug abuse ; space–health nexus ; older women ; spatial planning perspective ; interdisciplinary expert dialogue ; retrospective qualitative study ; knowledge transfer ; health policy analysis ; efficiency ; gender ; CEO ; top management team (TMT) ; data envelopment analysis (DEA) ; truncated regression ; bootstrap ; upper echelon theory ; public health authorities ; public communication ; risk communication ; social networks ; lockdown ; crisis ; COVID-19 pandemic ; sustainability ; NSP ; harm reduction ; harm minimization ; low threshold settings ; PWID ; sustainable implementation qualities ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Publication Date: 2023-09-12
    Description: Steep socioeconomic hierarchy in post-industrial Western society threatens public health because of the physiological consequences of material and psychosocial insecurities and deprivations. Following on from their previous books, the authors continue their exploration of the geography of early mortality from age-related chronic conditions, of risk behaviors and their health outcomes, and of infant and child mortality, all due to rigid hierarchy. They divide the 50 states into those that gave their electoral college votes to Trump and those that gave theirs to Clinton in the 2016 presidential election and compare the two sets for socioeconomic and public health profiles. They deliberately apply only simple standard statistical methods in the public health analyses: t-test, Mann-Whitney test, bivariate regression, and backward stepwise multivariate regression. The book assumes familiarity with basic statistics. The authors argue that the unequal power relations that result in eroding public health in the nation and, in particular, in the Trump-voting states, largely cascade from the collapse of American industry, and they analyze the Cold War roots of that collapse. In two largely independent chapters on economics, they explore both the suppression of countervailing forces, such as organized labor, and the diversion of technical resources to the military as essential foundations to the population-level suffering that expressed itself in the 2016 presidential election. This interdisciplinary book has several primary audiences: creators of public policies, such as legislators and governmental staff, public health professionals and social epidemiologists, economists, labor union professionals, civil rights advocates, political scientists, historians, and students of these disciplines from public health through the social sciences. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
    Keywords: Business and Management;Development economics and emerging economies;Economics;International economics;Political economy;Medicolegal issues;Public health and preventive medicine;Politics and government ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics & emerging economies ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCL International economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCP Political economy ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBQ Medicolegal issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Open Book Publishers
    Publication Date: 2022-09-07
    Description: Since the revival of maggot therapy in Western wound care approximately thirty years ago, there has been no comprehensive synthesis of what is known about its clinical practice, supply chain management, and social dimensions. This edited volume fills the information vacuum and, importantly, makes the current state of knowledge freely accessible. It is the first to provide sound, evidence-based information and guidance covering the entire supply chain from production to treatment. The chapters are arranged in five parts presenting the latest on clinical practice, the principles of therapeutic action, medicinal maggot production, distribution logistics, and the ethical dimensions of maggot therapy. The contributors have paid particular attention to the challenges encountered in compromised, low-resource healthcare settings such as disasters, conflict, and poverty. There are still many barriers to the widespread uptake of maggot therapy in healthcare settings. This book will be essential reading for a global audience of doctors, nurses, allied healthcare providers, students, and entrepreneurs with an interest in maggot-assisted wound care. It will be the go-to reference for those who plan, regulate, and coordinate healthcare, and want to establish a maggot therapy program, particularly in low- and middle-income and other compromised healthcare settings where maggot therapy can provide much-needed, affordable, and efficacious wound care.
    Keywords: clinical practice;distribution logistics;ethical dimensions;maggot therapy;medicinal maggot production;principles of therapeutic action;social dimensions;supply chain management ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine::MBNH Personal & public health ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMZ Therapy & therapeutics
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Universidad Santiago de Cali | Control de riesgos ocupacionales en prácticas formativas en salud
    Publication Date: 2022-06-09
    Description: Published
    Description: El profesional en Instrumentación Quirúrgica, adquiere una formación científica, tecnológica, investigativa, humanística y social, fundamentada en las ciencias básicas generales, ciencias biomédicas, especialidades médico quirúrgicas, ciencias administrativas y sociales, centradas en la transmisión de conocimientos básicos a la aplicación concreta en el entrenamiento quirúrgico tanto dentro del quirófano, como fuera de él, en las centrales de esterilización, consultorios especializados y en la industria y el comercio de dispositivos médico-quirúrgicos. (Colegio Colombiano de Instrumentación Quirúrgica, 2014), como se describe en el Cuadro 30.
    Keywords: Riesgos laborales ; Administración de riesgos ; Valoración ; Salud ocupacional ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Spanish
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Social media has the potential to provide rapid insights into unfolding public health emergencies such as infectious disease outbreaks. They can also be drawn upon for rapid, survey-based insights into various health topics. Social media has also been utilised by medical professionals for the purposes of sharing scholarly works, international collaboration, and engaging in policy debates. One benefit of using social media platforms to gain insight into health is that they have the ability to capture unfiltered public opinion in large volumes, avoiding the potential biases introduced by surveys or interviews. Social media platforms can also be utilised to pilot surveys, for instance, though the use of Twitter polls. Social media data have also been drawn upon in medical emergencies and crisis situations as a public health surveillance tool. A number of software and online tools also exist, developed specifically to aide public health research utilising social media data. In recent years, ethical issues regarding the retrieval and analysis of data have also arisen.
    Keywords: social media ; disordered eating behaviours ; body image ; female ; university students ; telemedicine ; carbon dioxide ; air pollutants ; vehicle emissions ; primary care ; machine learning ; teleconsultation ; remote consultation ; classification ; public health ; short video ; social network ; TAM ; cost analysis ; health technology assessment ; provider-to-provider telemedicine ; telehealth ; economic analysis ; questionnaires and surveys ; validation studies ; health personnel ; electronic nicotine delivery systems ; smoking ; twitter ; poor doctor-patient relationship ; healthcare consultation ; mobile context ; computer-mediated communication ; point-of-care systems ; ultrasonography ; traffic-related pollution ; primary health care ; acceptability of health care ; surveys and questionnaires ; health communication ; Spanish official medical colleges ; stakeholders ; Twitter ; systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) ; network analysis ; topic modeling ; text analysis ; online media ; vaccination ; social marketing ; stroke ; prehospital emergency care ; training ; stroke code ; large vessel occlusion ; prehospital scales ; hearing loss ; latent topic ; LDA ; social Q&amp ; A ; public voice ; public health emergency ; policy evolution ; product innovation ; cooperative governance ; COVID-19 ; coronavirus ; masks ; transmission ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Cambridge University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-08-09
    Description: An accessible overview of the challenges in tackling AMR, and the economic and policy responses of the 'One Health' approach. It will appeal to policy-makers seeking to strengthen national and local polices tackling AMR, as well as students and academics who want an overview of the latest scientific evidence regarding effective AMR policies.
    Keywords: health systems ; health policies ; health administration ; health economics ; health management ; public policy ; agricultural sciences ; epidemiology ; superbugs ; antibiotic resistance ; drug resistance ; antiobiotic stewardship ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCQ Health economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBP Health systems & services ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine::MBNS Epidemiology & medical statistics
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Long-term exposure to environmental toxicants is estimated to account for 70–90% of the risks of acquiring chronic ailments. Presently, chronic kidney disease and infertility affect a significant proportion of the world population, while research data indicate that exposure to toxic metals may contribute to the looming statistics. Alarming evidence suggests that exposure to the heavy metal cadmium may affect every stage of life, and exposure in early life may determine susceptibility to certain diseases in adulthood. Prevention of these outcomes requires avoidance of further environmental contamination, minimization of exposure, and reduction of toxic metals in food crops to the lowest achievable levels.
    Keywords: Trace elements ; hair ; children ; hazardous waste incinerator ; Constantí (Catalonia, Spain) ; blood lead level ; boatyard ; childhood ; lead poisoning ; fishing community ; lead weights ; β2-microglobulin ; cadmium ; creatinine clearance ; glomerular filtration ; N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase ; nephron mass ; nephrotoxicity ; trace elements ; autopsy tissues ; temporal trends ; creatinine excretion ; glomerular filtration rate ; lead ; kidney ; endocytosis ; metallothionein ; flow cytometry ; proximal tubule epithelial cells ; OGTT ; minimal model ; glucose response mechanism ; genotoxicity ; aluminum chloride ; rats ; food ; farmer ; PTWI (provisional tolerable monthly intake) ; TWI (tolerable weekly intake) ; Monte Carlo simulation ; mercury ; obesogen ; lipid profiles ; hyperlipidemia ; elevated liver enzymes ; hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] ; mitochondrial fragmentation ; dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) ; mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I (MRCC I) ; reactive oxygen species (ROS) ; blood lead ; cellular immunity ; phagocytosis ; humoral munity ; immunosuppression ; insulin ; diabetes ; hyperglycemia ; hyperinsulinemia ; lipogenic ; β-cell toxicity ; stroke ; cerebrovascular accident ; heavy metal ; rare earth element ; case-control study ; mortality ; lifetime cadmium intake ; renal diseases ; urinary cadmium ; a follow-up study ; diet ; kidney function ; chronic kidney disease ; threshold limit ; tolerable intake level ; heavy metals ; birth weight ; preterm birth ; diet pattern ; Mediterranean diet ; pregnancy ; toxic metals ; reproduction ; testicular and ovarian structure ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: Gut microbiota are an area recently targeted by modern biomedical research. In fact, during the last five years, there has been increasing evidence related to the role of gut microbiota as remarkable symbiotic partners critical for the maintenance of good health. Several factors cause alterations in gut microbiota which are, indeed, accompanied by alterations in the quality of health. Accordingly, gut microbiota dysbiosis has been related to increased susceptibilities to intestinal, cardiovascular, and nervous pathologies. In this manual, you will find the latest studies carried out in the field of microbiota. Overall, the contributions published in this Special Issue further strengthen the essential function of gut microbiota in health and in various diseases.
    Keywords: gut microbiota ; anti-TNFα ; Crohn’s disease ; Faecalibacterium prausnitzii ; Escherichia coli and Clostridium coccoides group ; obesity ; percutaneous electrical stimulation ; dermatome T6 ; microbiota ; probiotics ; resistance ; survivability ; gastrointestinal passage ; gut ; nicotinic acetylcholine receptors ; α7 and α9 nicotinic receptor subtypes ; cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway ; gut-brain axis ; gut microbiome ; dysbiosis ; inflammatory bowel disease ; COVID-19 ; dioxide titanium ; TiO2 ; E171 ; CI 77891 ; food additive ; gut barrier ; immunity ; toxicity ; diet ; memory ; attention ; gut–brain axis ; gastrointestinal microbiome ; fibromyalgia ; drug therapy ; neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; systematic review ; autoimmunity ; multiple sclerosis ; inflammation ; cytokines ; intestinal permeability ; disease modifying drugs ; food-derived opioids ; casomorphin ; gliadorphin ; opioid receptors ; A1 beta-casein ; beta-casomorphin-7 ; gut-to-brain ; microbiome ; DPP4 ; fecal microbiota ; isoflavones ; equol ; pyrosequencing ; menopause ; fatty acids ; stool ; stool collection ; Cambodia ; sample collection ; rural health ; collection kit ; allergy ; osteoporosis ; bone metabolism ; food allergy ; skeletal health ; osteoimmunology ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Istanbul University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-11-04
    Description: Published
    Description: Uzun yıllardır uygulanan liberal-kapitalist yönetişim modeli, bireyselleşmeyi ve piyasayı egemen kılıp, özel sektörü büyüterek, devleti ve hizmetlerini sınırlandırarak varlığını bugüne kadar sürdürdü. Ancak COVID-19 krizi ile birlikte bu ekonomik sistemin nasıl bir sonuç doğurduğuna hep birlikte şahit olduk. Dünyanın en büyük ekonomilerine sahip ülkelerin salgınla mücadelede ihtiyaç duyulan en temel koruma malzemelerini sağlamakta aciz duruma düşmesi, hastaları seçerek tedaviye almaları ve diğerlerini ölüme terk etmeleri, ölen insanlarını taşıyacak tabutları ve gömecek yerlerinin olmaması mevcut sistemlerin ne kadar insani olduğu sorununu somut bir şekilde ortaya çıkardı. Uluslararası rekabette en başarılı ülkeler, üstünlük sağlayan sektörlere ve üretime odaklanarak ekonomik gelişme stratejilerini bugüne kadar sürdürdüler. Ancak uzun tedarik zincirlerine ve küreselleşmeye dayalı bu yapı çökerken, katı sınırlar ve ulusal üretimlerle bu boşluğu doldurma arayışı ön plana çıktı. Ekonomiyle birlikte fonksiyonları zayıflayan, hizmet alan ve kapasitesi kısıtlanan devlet aygıtı ve yapısı, yaşanan salgınla birlikte büyük bir krizle karşı karşıya kaldı. COVID-19 salgınıyla birlikte ekonomik gelişmelere rağmen, sağlık hizmetlerinin ve tarımsal üretimin acil hallerde yarattığı etkilerinin insanlığı tehdit edecek boyutlara nasıl ulaştığını yaşayarak tecrübe ettik. Salgın ile birlikte tarımsal üretim başta olmak üzere temel ihtiyaçları karşılayacak üretimi yapabilmenin önemini bir kez daha anladık. Maske, solunum cihazı, ilaç ve aşı gibi halk sağlığı alanlarında üretim ve hizmetleri sunmanın ne kadar önemli olduğunun bilincine vardık. Üretimlerin stratejik öneminin dönemsel ve ihtiyaçlara göre değişebildiği gerçeğini bir kez daha yaşadık ve paramız olsa da bazı ürünleri ve hizmetleri satın alamayacağımızı gördük. Salgın, küresel düzeyde neredeyse hepimizi ruhsal, fiziksel ve sosyal açıdan eşitleyerek; sağlık, eğitim, gelir eşitsizliği, yoksulluk, işsizlik, göç, iklim krizi, temel insan ihtiyaçlarına erişim dahil her alanda yeni farkındalıklar oluşturdu. Salgın, bir yönüyle bencilliği besledi, dayanışmayı azalttı, yalnızlığa, biyolojik olduğu kadar psikolojik sorunlara ve bilgi kirliliğine yol açtı, ölüm korkusunu bireysel olmaktan çıkarıp, toplumsallaştırdı. Diğer yönüyle de dayanışma ihtiyacını artırdı ve ortak kader duygusunu güçlendirdi. Bu nedenle sosyal uyumu esas alan bir anlayışa olan ihtiyacımız daha fazla önem kazandı. Bundan dolayı toplumsal savrulmayı önleyecek ve panik yaşanmasına fırsat vermeyecek yapılanmaya ihtiyacımız arttı. 1980 sonrasında neoliberal rüzgârların etkisiyle yapılan özelleştirmelerle Türkiye’de de devlet nispeten küçültüldü, ekonomik ve sosyal sorunların yaşandığı bir dönemde küresel salgınla karşılaşıldı. Ancak genel sağlık sigortası, hastane sayısı, yatak kapasitesi gibi alanlarda sahip olduğumuz potansiyel ve kriz yönetme becerimiz sayesinde süreci nispeten daha iyi şartlarda geçirmekteyiz. Fakat bu gerçeğe rağmen ülkemizin de yeni şartlara adapte olmasını sağlayacak, krizi en az zararla atlatacak ve 21. yüzyılın ihtiyaçlarını karşılayacak yeniden yapılanmaya ihtiyacı artmaktadır. Ekonomik ve sosyal alanda yaşananlar yeni bir paradigma değişikliğine ihtiyaç olduğunu gösteriyor. Çünkü doyumsuzluğu ve obeziteyi besleyen sınırsız ihtiyaçlar algısı yerine, ihtiyaçların sınırlı olduğu ve isteklerin sınırlandırılabileceğini esas alan, bilgi hariç kaynakların sınırlı olduğu ilkesine dayalı yeni bir ekonomik düzeni inşa edecek bir paradigma değişikliğine yönelik beklenti artıyor. Kriz sürecini en az zararla atlatabilmek için hep birlikte dayanışma içinde mücadele ederek, küresel düzeyde yükselen işkollarını ve meslekleri esas alarak, endüstrileri ve iş piyasalarını yeniden yapılandırmak gerekiyor. Bu kitabın editörlüğünü üstelenen, yazar olarak katkıda bulunan ve hazırlanmasında görev alan fakültemizin çok kıymetli hocalarına bu vesileyle bir kez daha çok teşekkür ediyorum. 84 yıllık birikimimize uygun bir şekilde dünyada ve ülkemizde yaşanan ve yaşanacak sorunlara öğretim üyelerimiz kayıtsız kalmamış, var olan zor şartlara rağmen alternatifler üreterek, yol gösterici öngörülerde bulunmuşlardır. Hiç kuşkusuz bu kitap ön çalışma niteliğindedir, verilere ulaşıldıkça detaylandırılacaktır. Ufuk açıcı ve faydalı olması dileğiyle saygılar sunuyorum.
    Keywords: bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBD Medical profession::MBDC Medical ethics & professional conduct ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Turkish
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    SciELO Books - Editorial Universidad del Rosario | SciELO Books - Editorial Universidad del Rosario
    Publication Date: 2022-09-06
    Description: En este libro se presenta una parte de los resultados del proyecto internacional de investigación “Impacto en la equidad de acceso y la eficiencia de las redes integradas de servicios de salud en Colombia y Brasil (Equity-LA)”, financiado por la Unión Europea y en el que participaron seis instituciones de cuatro países, dos europeos (España y Bélgica) y dos latinoamericanos (Colombia y Brasil). La investigación se diseñó con el propósito de mejorar la comprensión sobre el impacto de la implementación de las redes integradas de servicios de salud en el acceso, la coordinación, la eficiencia y la equidad de acceso, en diferentes contextos de Latinoamérica. El estudio además de evidencia, generó nuevas preguntas, que dieron lugar al proyecto Equity LA II (www.equity-la.eu), actualmente en desarrollo, también financiado por la Unión Europea, que profundiza en sus resultados y amplía el análisis a cuatro países más de América Latina: Argentina, Chile, México y Uruguay. Los resultados contenidos en esta obra se refieren únicamente a los aspectos de acceso, coordinación, continuidad y calidad de la atención en las redes de servicios de salud, que se analizan mediante un estudio de casos, basado en estudios cualitativos y cuantitativos y cuyos datos se recogieron entre 2009 y 2012.
    Keywords: Public health and preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Spanish
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    Springer Nature | Springer International Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022-11-19
    Description: This Open Access book provides illustrative case studies that explore various research and innovation topics that raise challenges requiring ethical reflection and careful policymaking responses. The cases highlight diverse ethical challenges and provide lessons for the various options available for policymaking. Cases are drawn from many fields, including artificial intelligence, space science, energy, data protection, professional research practice and pandemic planning. Case studies are particularly helpful with ethical issues to provide crucial context. This book reflects the ambiguity of ethical dilemmas in contemporary policymaking. Analyses reflect current debates where consensus has not yet been achieved. These cases illustrate key points made throughout the PRO-RES EU-funded project from which they arise: that ethical judgement is a fluid enterprise, where values, principles and standards must constantly adjust to new situations, new events and new research developments. This book is an indispensable aid to policymaking that addresses, and/or uses evidence from, novel research developments.
    Keywords: Research Ethics ; Policymaking ; Case Studies ; Ethical Challenges ; Scientific Integrity ; Responsible Research and Innovation ; Redress of Grievance ; Oral History ; Science Advisers ; Regulating Research ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: In the biochemical reactions that take place within all living beings, species called free radicals are generated. Denham Harman, in his study on the origin and evolution of life (Harman, 2001), proposes that these species are amongst the causes of the origin of life on our planet. Oxygen is a molecule that provides the primary source of energy in aerobic organisms and therefore is key to the development and evolution of life. On the one hand, it gives rise to life; on the other, due to its ability to form different free radicals, it is capable of damaging essential structures for development. To combat these radicals, our biological systems have developed antioxidant defenses. However, when the balance between free radicals and antioxidant defenses is broken in favor of the former, a phenomenon called oxidative stress occurs, which ends up damaging molecules such as DNA, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids (Sies, 1983) (Halliwell and Gutteridge, 1985). This phenomenon is implicated both in the development of diseases and in their progression. In addition, inflammation phenomena are also involved in most pathologies, which, although they are essential for tissue repair and immunity, turn against our bodies when they become excessively active. For these reasons, in this special edition we showcase an extensive knowledge of the effects of oxidative stress and inflammation both in diseases such as aging, or for its role in health.
    Keywords: diospyrin ; lipopolysaccharide ; anti-inflammation ; macrophages ; nitric oxide ; cytokine ; calcium ; CHOP ; Fas ; p38 MAPK ; Astragalus mongholicus Bunge ; danazol ; telomere ; telomerase ; aging ; diabetic kidney disease ; oxidative stress ; redox imbalance ; hyperimmunized milk ; exercise ; inflammation ; intestinal permeability ; acute respiratory distress syndrome ; antiplatelet ; aspirin ; therapy ; gender ; membrane erythrocyte ; hydroperoxides ; biomarker ; DPPP ; DPH ; TMA ; cardiovascular disease ; data analysis ; precision–recall ; Mediterranean diet ; Oriental diet ; nutrition ; polyphenols ; microbiota ; health ; n-3 PUFAs ; endogenous antioxidants ; anti-inflammatory response ; cardiovascular diseases ; dry eye syndrome ; corneal damage ; tear lipidome ; 5-lipoxigenase ; leukotriene B4 ; prostaglandins ; dimethyl sulfoxide ; zileuton ; air pollution ; soot ; particulate matter ; lung inflammation ; functional groups ; microglia ; porcine liver decomposition product ; lysophospholipids ; mild cognitive impairment ; dementia ; neuroinflammation ; cytokines ; oxygen reactive species ; caloric restriction ; oxidative balance ; adiponectin ; plasma ; white adipose tissue ; experimental model ; anti-inflammatory diets ; inflammatory response ; chronic inflammation ; low grade chronic inflammation ; inflammatory models ; cyclophosphamide ; doxorubicin ; docetaxel ; paclitaxel ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2022-07-27
    Description: This book provides an inclusive and comprehensive discussion of the transmission, science, biology, genome sequencing, diagnostics, and therapeutics of COVID-19. It also discusses public and government health measures and the roles of media as well as the impact of society on the ongoing efforts to combat the global pandemic. It addresses almost every topic that has been studied so far in the research on SARS-CoV-2 to gain insights into the fundamentals of the disease and mitigation strategies. This volume is a useful resource for virologists, epidemiologists, biologists, medical professionals, public health and government professionals, and all global citizens who have endured and battled against the pandemic.
    Keywords: Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: We have entered a new era where some concepts of the complex community of microorganisms (microbiota comprising bacteria, fungi, viruses, bacteriophages and helminths) are being re-discovered and re-visited. Microbiota and human interaction is not new; they have shared a long history of co-existence. Nevertheless, the opportunities to understand the role of these microorganisms in human diseases and to design a potential treatment were limited. At present, thanks to development of innovative and cutting-edge molecular biological and microbiological technologies as well as clinical informatics and bioinformatics skills, microbiome application is moving into clinics. Approaches to therapy based on prebiotics, probiotics and lately on fecal microbiota transplantation has revolutionized medicine. Microbiota outnumbers our genes and is now regarded as another organ of the body. The gastrointestinal tract and gut microbiota display a well-documented symbiotic relationship. Disruption of intestinal microbiota homeostasis—called dysbiosis—has been associated with several diseases. Whether dysbiosis is a cause or consequence of disease initiation and progression still needs to be investigated in more depth. The aim of this book is to highlight recent advances in the field of microbiome research, which are now shaping medicine, and current approaches to microbiome-oriented therapy for gastrointestinal diseases. Dr. Rinaldo Pellicano Dr. Sharmila Fagoonee Guest Editors
    Keywords: Bacteroides ovatus ; Bifidobacterium adolescentis ; Dysbiosis ; Faecalibacterium prausnitzii ; Ruminococcus gnavus ; type 1 diabetes ; microbiota ; microbiome ; auto-immunity ; gut permeability ; gut ; IBS ; celiac disease ; enteropathy ; gluten ; therapy ; gut microbiota ; precision medicine ; Clostridium difficile ; inflammatory bowel disease ; ulcerative colitis ; irritable bowel disease ; metabolic syndrome ; gastric microbiota ; transient ; persistent ; culture ; sequencing ; Helicobacter pylori ; fecal microbiota transplantation ; feces donor ; fecal microbiota ; flow cytometry ; viability of bacteria ; next-generation sequencing ; culturing of fecal microbiota ; Alzheimer’s disease ; microbiota–gut–brain axis ; neurodegenerative disease ; intestinal flora ; necrotizing enterocolitis ; intestinal microbiology ; infant gut ; metabolomics ; IL-6 ; IL-8 ; IL-12p70 ; intestinal permeability ; zonulin ; gut virome ; steatosis ; cirrhosis ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; gastrointestinal ; technology ; high-throughput ; crohn’s disease ; mononuclear cells ; transient receptor potential channel ; pancreatic diseases ; acute pancreatitis ; chronic pancreatitis ; diabetes mellitus ; pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ; pancreatic cystic neoplasms ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Universidad Santiago de Cali | Control de riesgos ocupacionales en prácticas formativas en salud
    Publication Date: 2022-06-09
    Description: Published
    Description: El profesional en Terapia Respiratoria como miembro del equipo de salud, debe adquirir competencias con una sólida formación humanística, ética, científica con vocación de servicio, que le permita desarrollar un espíritu crítico, creativo y con capacidad de trabajo interdisciplinario; para que en su actuar profesional logre el abordaje del individuo, la familia y la comunidad en sus áreas de desempeño tales como: promoción de la salud y prevención de la enfermedad, salud ocupacional, evaluación y cuidado cardiorrespiratorio del paciente hospitalizado, rehabilitación cardiopulmonar y atención domiciliaria. Debe intervenir en los diferentes grupos etarios realizando actividades de información y educación para así promover estilos de vida saludable en los diferentes niveles de prevención en salud. Es un integrante relevante en la sociedad promoviendo la calidad de vida de las personas, con compromiso social, dinamizado a través del desarrollo de actividades entorno al objeto de estudio. Así mismo, el profesional en Terapia Respiratoria está capacitado en el manejo de las tecnologías de uso biomédico y de información, posicionándolo no sólo en el área clínica, sino también en el área de mercadeo y comercial (20,21), en lo que podrá intervenir como se describe en el Cuadro 44.
    Keywords: Riesgos laborales ; Administración de riesgos ; Valoración ; Salud ocupacional ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Spanish
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    Publication Date: 2022-07-15
    Description: This digital update to Reducing Gun Violence in America presents new evidence and developments in the effort to address the staggering toll of gun violence in the United States.In 2013—in the wake of the tragic shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School—Johns Hopkins University Press published Reducing Gun Violence in America, a collection of essays written by the world’s leading experts on gun violence. Updated Evidence and Policy Developments on Reducing Gun Violence in America follows up on the state of American gun violence by analyzing new data, research, and policy developments one year after Sandy Hook. Over the course of ten substantive chapter addendums, contributors bring readers up-to-date on such varied topics as mental illness, domestic violence, background checks, illegal gun sales, and personalized guns. They describe the recent policy measures that have been enacted and suggest additional approaches that may help stem the violence. An essential companion to Reducing Gun Violence in America, the reliable, empirical research and legal analysis in this e-book will help lawmakers, opinion leaders, and concerned citizens identify policy changes to address gun violence, which takes an average of more than 80 lives every day in the United States.
    Keywords: Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: The book “Community and Family-Focused Public Health and Sustainable Development” was originally published in the renowned International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. This Special Issue encompassed novel aspects of applications that are connected with sustainability issues in community and family-focused public health studies. Contributions have a significant impact on solving public health problems at the family and community levels. The Special Issue originally published scientific papers, including review articles, that fell under this Special Issue’s remit and that were relevant to audiences worldwide. Currently, the term “family health” is most commonly to describe mother and child health and reproductive health. It is rare for family health to include the family as an important context for health development and that includes all family members and the family’s social environment. Authors of scientific research covering issues related to the impact of the family and the environment in which the family lives and functions on its members’ health in the present and in the future were encouraged to contribute their work. In addition, we were especially interested in scientific reports on social, economic, and health inequalities in the context of achieving the sustainable development goals.
    Keywords: family ; living with children ; parenthood ; mother ; father ; self-rated health ; health behavior ; mental health ; Germany ; gut microbiome ; antimicrobial activity ; pathogen overgrowth ; smoking ; tobacco smoke ; exposure to tobacco smoke ; ETS ; anti-tobacco law ; hospitality venues ; quality of life ; the elderly ; seniors ; health ; cardiovascular diseases ; physical and psychological well-being ; health behaviors ; pregnancy ; rural area ; urban area ; CHEK2 ; MEN ; Cushing syndrome ; hypertension ; multiple endocrine glands tumors ; cervix uteri ; epidemiology ; screening ; mortality ; time trends ; east-central Europe ; depression ; bone markers ; osteocalcin ; β-CTX ; vitamin D ; metabolomics ; metabolites ; amino acids ; biomarkers ; asthma ; diagnosis ; children ; community health services ; postmodern education theories ; factor analysis ; genetic testing ; umbilical cord blood banking ; women health ; air pollution ; PM2.5 ; pregnancy outcomes ; sustainable development ; spatio-temporal data ; NUTS-1 ; kernel discriminant coordinates method ; super macroregions ; proteomics ; mass spectrometry ; MALDI-MSI ; tissue imaging ; ovarian tumors ; gestational diabetes mellitus ; diabetes ; obesity ; cesarean section ; health policy ; health inequalities ; healthcare access ; spatial distribution of the health situation ; cluster analysis ; functional discriminant coordinates ; multivariate functional coefficient of variation ; adenomyosis ; infertility ; GnRH ; in vitro fertilisation ; type 1 diabetes ; proteomic profile ; C4 complement ; PURE study ; noncommunicable diseases ; urban ; rural ; FRAP ; TBARS ; anaerobic threshold ; peakVO2 ; lifestyle ; training ; exercises ; intergenerational relations ; academic youth ; standardized questionnaire WHOQOL-BREF ; alcohol ; cohort study ; PURE ; pro-health behaviours ; anti-health behaviour ; prevention ; patient ; 50+ population ; chronic diseases ; special motor fitness ; speed ; flexibility ; endurance ; physical activity ; health training ; women ; WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire ; Bangladesh ; gender violence ; multidimensional poverty ; poverty reduction ; women’s empowerment ; color vision ; anomaloscope ; Moreland ; Rayleigh ; Hashimoto’s disease ; oxidative stress ; zinc ; copper ; child health ; child nutrition ; dairy ; food security ; food systems ; nutrition ; sustainability ; sustainable food systems ; working population ; Poland ; Ukraine ; spinal cord injury ; hematological parameters ; peak oxygen uptake ; sleep duration ; bedtime ; access to health care ; health care services ; hospital emergency departments ; spatial analysis ; public health management ; testosterone ; cortisol ; creatinine ; overtraining ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Universidad Santiago de Cali | Control de riesgos ocupacionales en prácticas formativas en salud
    Publication Date: 2022-06-09
    Description: Published
    Description: El perfil ocupacional del futuro profesional de medicina debe tener competencias con una sólida formación humanística, filosófica, científica y social de la relación médico-paciente; con actitud crítica, con liderazgo, autonomía y autorregulación; proyectado a la persona, la familia y la sociedad, para reconocer, interpretar e intervenir de manera individual, interprofesional e interdisciplinar, los determinantes biológicos, ambientales y sociales de la salud. Debe reconocer situaciones de salud y tomar decisiones al actuar, desde la función de la promoción, prevención, diagnóstico, tratamiento y rehabilitación en sus expresiones individual y colectiva, según sean los ámbitos de su desempeño profesional (9,10) en el que podrá intervenir como se describe en el Cuadro 2.
    Keywords: Riesgos laborales ; Administración de riesgos ; Valoración ; Salud ocupacional ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Spanish
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Recent decades have seen remarkable advances in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal malignancies, i.e., adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma as well as gastrointestinal stromal and other rare tumors of the esophagus and stomach. While, historically, surgical resection has been the sole treatment for these tumors, multimodal therapies have meanwhile proven their efficacy. At present, pre- and postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy, targeted drug therapy, and stage-specific surgical approaches are all indispensable cornerstones of an individualized treatment for upper gastrointestinal malignancies. With such multimodal treatment, better outcomes comprising improved quality of life and prolonged survival have been achieved for patients. However, for many tumor entities and stages, the ideal combination and sequence of treatments is still being evaluated in clinical trials. Moreover, the value of novel approaches such as immunotherapy or robotic surgery remains a matter of research. In this Special Issue of Cancers, up-to-date original research, short communications, and comprehensive review articles on all modalities playing a role in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal malignancies have been published.
    Keywords: gastric cancer ; gastrectomy ; complications ; outcome ; survival ; lymph node ratio ; neoadjuvant chemotherapy ; conversion surgery ; cancer dormancy ; nuclear receptor NR2F1 ; clinical pathways ; gastric surgery ; oncological gastrectomy ; quality of care ; outcomes ; standardization ; adjuvant therapy ; gastrointestinal tract ; genetic diagnosis ; radiosensitivity ; mortality ; failure to rescue ; immunotherapy ; genetics ; esophageal cancer ; multidisciplinary ; gastric/gastroesophageal cancer ; perioperative chemotherapy ; overall survival ; relapse-free survival ; skeletal muscle index ; esophagectomy ; nutritional status ; sarcopenia ; esophageal anastomosis ; minimally invasive surgery ; induction chemotherapy ; chemo-radiotherapy ; neoadjuvant treatment ; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ; multimodal treatment ; neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy ; definitive chemoradiotherapy ; Lauren histotype ; gastrointestinal stromal tumor ; neuroendocrine tumor ; MALT lymphoma ; mucosal resection ; submucosal dissection ; GIST ; stomach ; neoadjuvant therapy ; imatinib ; organ preservation ; squamous cell esophageal cancer ; gastro-esophageal reflux disease ; Barrett’s esophagus ; early adenocarcinoma of esophagus ; endoscopic submucosal dissection ; endoscopic mucosal resection ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    SciELO Books - Editora UFFS | SciELO Books - Editora UFFS
    Publication Date: 2022-11-14
    Description: A obra “Saúde Coletiva: políticas públicas em defesa do Sistema Universal de Saúde” organiza-se em cinco partes: 1) Movimento da Reforma Sanitária Brasileira: avanços, retrocessos, desafios e perspectivas na conjuntura nacional; 2) Sistema Universal e Direito à Saúde; 3) Investimento Social e Austeridade Fiscal: desafios para o planejamento e a gestão pública; 4) Saúde e Ambiente; 5) Educação e Formação em Saúde. É resultado do I Congresso Internacional de Políticas Públicas de Saúde: em defesa do Sistema Universal de Saúde, realizado em dezembro de 2017. Esse congresso buscou espaço para reflexão, discussão e intercâmbio de conhecimentos técnico-científicos entre estudantes, pesquisadores, professores, gestores, profissionais da saúde e áreas afins para fortalecer os princípios de justiça social mediante políticas públicas de acesso universal. A obra fundamenta-se, portanto, na luta permanente pelo direito da população brasileira à saúde pública e de qualidade em todo o território nacional. O direito universal à saúde é uma condição de cidadania, já conquistado no Brasil mediante lutas e resistências dos movimentos sociais, principalmente do Movimento da Reforma Sanitária Brasileira, que foi institucionalizado em 1976, com a criação do Centro Brasileiro de Estudos de Saúde (CEBES), do qual a Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS) é membro institucional, culminando com a elaboração do texto constitucional de criação do Sistema Único de Saúde, em 1988. O público de interesse da obra é a área da Saúde em geral e, em particular, o campo da Saúde Coletiva da UFFS e da Região Oeste Catarinense.
    Keywords: Public health and preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Portuguese
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    Universidad Santiago de Cali | Control de riesgos ocupacionales en prácticas formativas en salud
    Publication Date: 2022-06-09
    Description: Published
    Description: El perfil ocupacional del futuro profesional de Odontología egresado de un programa de educación superior, debe adquirir competencias con una sólida formación humanística, filosófica, científica y social de la relación odontólogo-paciente, con actitud crítica, con liderazgo, autonomía y autorregulación; proyectado a la persona, la familia y la sociedad, para reconocer, interpretar e intervenir, de manera individual, interprofesional e interdisciplinar, los determinantes biológicos, ambientales y sociales de la salud. Debe reconocer situaciones de salud y tomar decisiones en el actuar; el egresado, con base en principios éticos, debe actuar con responsabilidad como profesional de la salud y ciudadano en el marco legal vigente en Colombia y acorde a la política y al modelo de atención integral desde la función como profesional. De este modo promoverá la salud en la estrategia de la Atención Primaria en Salud (APS), utilizando la estrategia de informar educar y comunicar generando empoderamiento en el autocuidado de la salud y los estilos de vida saludable; podrá prevenir las enfermedades bucales, identificado, evaluando y controlando los factores de riesgo biológicos articulados con el análisis de los determinantes sociales, diagnosticar y tratar las mismas con el conocimiento, la tecnología e investigación, haciendo seguimiento y evaluación estas. (15,16)
    Keywords: Riesgos laborales ; Administración de riesgos ; Valoración ; Salud ocupacional ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Spanish
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Description: The use of substances for pharmaceutical use, either as disinfectants or used clinically for diagnostic purposes, cosmetic products or personal hygiene, is widespread in all areas of daily and working life. Recently, the research on environmental contamination caused by PPCPs (Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products) has been focused on the consequences deriving from the dispersion of antibiotic or hormonal substances, in relation to the phenomenon of the increase in bacterial resistance and to interference on the endocrine systems respectively. The research described in this volume is part of the national and international studies on the problem, aims at contributing in the expansion of knowledge on these themes and has as its objective the determination of the possible presence of drug residues in the Arno river.
    Keywords: Idrologia ; Chimica ; Inquinamento ; Farmacologia ; Ambiente ; Arno ; Open Access ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MQ Nursing & ancillary services::MQP Pharmacy / dispensing ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
    Language: Italian
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Cholera remains a global threat in the 21st century, chiefly due to the continued lack of adequate resource provision and the political will to ensure a safe potable water supply and sanitary waste disposal for a burgeoning global population. The current Special Issue on cholera provides an overview of the available control measures from the perspectives of bioecology, immunology and vaccinology and treatment. These modalities have the potential to reduce cholera case fatality rates to less than 1% if properly implemented. In this Special Issue on cholera, the current state of the art in science-based control measures is reported on by several of the world’s leaders in research on the control of cholera and allied acute watery diarrheal diseases. Dr. Rita Colwell, Dr. Anwar Huq and colleagues at the University of Maryland and the University of Florida will review the latest information on environmental factors related to the prediction and prevention of cholera. Dr. Jacqueline Dean and Dr. John Clemens contribute an overview of recent insights into the performance of licensed and recommended cholera vaccines. Dr. Jan Holmgren will present an update on cholera immunity and the next generation of cholera vaccines. Dr. David Nalin will discuss cholera treatment options and optimums for the 21st century, and Dr. Richard A. Cash will focus on bringing diarrhea treatment, control, and prevention to the community.
    Keywords: VIP ; cholera patients ; cholera ; oral cholera vaccine ; efficacy ; effectiveness ; non-cholera acute watery diarrheas (AWDs) ; oral rehydration solutions (ORS) ; ORS formulations ; sodium balance ; hyponatremia ; hyponatremic seizures ; hyponatremic sequelae ; mucosal immunity ; cholera control ; diarrhea ; Burundi ; hot spot ; oral rehydration solution (ORS) ; oral rehydration therapy (ORT) ; community-based care ; OTEP ; BRAC ; environmental parameters ; Vibrio cholerae ; trigger ; transmission ; prediction ; immunity ; innate ; adaptive ; antibody ; cellular ; mucosal ; systemic ; memory ; vaccine ; non-cholera dehydrating diarrheas ; translational medicine ; history ; urban health ; oral rehydration ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature | Springer International Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022-01-15
    Description: This open access book is a collection of research papers on COVID-19 by Germán Velásquez from 2020 and early 2021 that help to answer the question: How can an agency like the World Health Organization (WHO) be given a stronger voice to exercise authority and leadership? The considerable health, economic and social challenges that the world faced at the beginning of 2020 with COVID-19 continued and worsened in many parts of the world in the second-half of 2020 and into 2021. Many of these countries and nations wanted to explore COVID-19 on their own, sometimes without listening to the main international health bodies such as WHO, an agency of the United Nations system with long-standing experience and vast knowledge at the global level and of which all countries in the world are members. In this single volume, the chapters present the progress of thinking and debate — particularly in relation to drugs and vaccines — that would enable a response to the COVID-19 pandemic or to subsequent crises that may arise. Among the topics covered: COVID-19 Vaccines: Between Ethics, Health and Economics Medicines and Intellectual Property: 10 Years of the WHO Global Strategy Re-thinking Global and Local Manufacturing of Medical Products After COVID-19 Rethinking R&D for Pharmaceutical Products After the Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 Shock Intellectual Property and Access to Medicines and Vaccines The World Health Organization Reforms in the Time of COVID-19 Vaccines, Medicines and COVID-19: How Can WHO Be Given a Stronger Voice? is essential reading for negotiators from the 194 member countries of the World Health Organization (WHO); World Trade Organization (WTO) and World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) staff participating in these negotiations; academics and students of public health, medicine, health sciences, law, sociology and political science; and intergovernmental organizations and non-governmental organizations that follow the issue of access to treatments and vaccines for COVID-19.
    Keywords: COVID-19 Coronavirus pandemic ; access to affordable essential medicines ; Vaccine nationalism and vaccine safety ; World Health Organization reform ; Biosimilars and biotherapeutics ; COVAX Facility ; COVID-19 diagnostics ; Global health preparedness ; Article 19 of the WHO Constitution ; access to COVID-19 tools (ACT) accelerator ; Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) ; Inter-Governmental Working Group (IGWG) ; Patentability criteria ; Pharmaceutical sovereignty ; Research and Development (R&D) ; Universal Health Coverage (UHC) ; World Health Assembly (WHA) ; World Trade Organization (WTO) ; non-governmental organization (NGOs) ; Open Access ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBP Health systems & services ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TG Mechanical engineering & materials::TGM Materials science
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: In recent decades, life expectancy has been increasing. This is a historical milestone in the history of humanity. We have never lived so long before. In these circumstances, giving the best care to older adults efficiently is one of the greatest challenges of developed countries. This book explores different initiatives that result in the improvement of health conditions of older adults, such as multicomponent physical exercise programs, interventions that try to avoid loneliness and social isolation, and multidisciplinary assessment, and the treatment of frailty and other geriatric syndromes, of the elderly in various settings such as the Emergency Unit, Orthogeriatrics, and Oncogeriatrics. This book offers different manuscripts to readers, each trying to improve life satisfaction, quality of life, and life expectancy in older adults in different scenarios. It is up to us to achieve these goals. We are sure that these interesting chapters will contribute to improving clinical practices. Following the completion of the Special Issue "Health Care for Older Adults" for the international Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, the Guest Editors felt the satisfaction of having reached 18 published manuscripts and the possibility of transforming this volume into a book. This book was born from the need to show how health and social advances have increased human longevity as never before. We live longer, knowing more and more the epigenetic mechanisms of this longevity, as extended aging also coexists with the least favorable aging trajectories. Among them, a syndrome stands out from the gerontological and geriatric perspective: frailty. Due to the pandemic, a social problem has increased its presence in clinical practice: ageism. Older adults have found it difficult to access the necessary clinical resources due to the simple matter of age. However, at this moment, we are able to detect and to reverse frailty. In the same way, we should aim to prevent loneliness and social isolation, involved in social frailty. Geriatric syndromes are underdiagnosed and undertreated, but clinical and geriatric knowledge provide diagnostic tools and non-pharmacological approaches to prevent and to treat them. All health professionals working together in an interdisciplinary team could improve the clinical practices to develop a quality health care for older adults, improving their life satisfaction and quality of life perception too.
    Keywords: neck stabilization exercise ; nonspecific neck pain ; salt pack ; thermotherapy ; anticholinergic drugs ; pneumonia ; elderly ; potentially inappropriate medication ; pharmacoepidemiology ; infrared thermography ; cutaneous temperature ; skin blood flow ; dementia ; body temperature ; thermal sensation ; thermal comfort ; imaging ; mapping ; environmental temperature ; frailty ; COVID-19 ; aging ; physical activity ; mental health ; social relationships ; social frailty ; older adults ; life satisfaction ; accidental falls ; research hotspot ; CiteSpace ; knowledge domain visualization ; geriatric syndromes ; healthy aging ; exercise ; histones ; DNA methylation ; non-coding RNA ; hip fractures ; geriatric assessment ; orthogeriatric care ; functional recovery ; mortality ; hip fracture surgery ; multidisciplinary care ; predictive model ; hip fracture ; gait recovery ; feasibility ; frailty index ; psychometrics ; reliability ; validity ; ageing ; qualitative research ; primary health care ; loneliness ; social capital ; colorectal cancer ; comprehensive geriatric assessment ; geriatric liaison ; multicomponent programs ; functional capacity ; n/a ; occupational therapy ; occupational function ; social network ; social isolation ; posterior occlusal support ; maximum occlusal force ; masticatory function ; standing motion ; removable prostheses ; Eichner index ; fracture fixation ; geriatric ; intertrochanteric fractures ; prognostic factors ; Thai ; aged people ; STOPP/START ; Beers criteria ; medical prescriptions for chronic pathologies ; inappropriate prescribing ; nursing ; delirium ; machine learning technique ; random forest ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature | Springer
    Publication Date: 2022-12-15
    Description: This open access book is a collection of articles based on presentations from the 2020 Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference that gives an overview of conference outcomes. The vision of the conference has been to unite researchers, scientists, physicians and other healthcare professionals, patient advocates, and students from across the world to discuss research advancements, identify gaps, and develop actionable goals to translate basic research findings into clinical best practices, effective community interventions, and professional training programs to decrease cancer risks and eliminate cancer disparities for Latinos. This conference comes at an especially important time when Latinos – the largest and youngest minority group in the U.S. – are expected to face a 142% rise in cancer cases in the coming years. Disparities continue to impact this population in critical areas: access to preventive and clinical care, changeable risk behaviors, quality of life, and mortality. Each chapter summarizes the presentation and includes current knowledge in the specific topic areas, identified gaps, and opportunities for future research. Topics explored include: Applying an Exposome-Wide (ExWAS) Approach to Latino Cancer Disparities Supportive Care Needs and Coping Strategies Used by Latino Men Cancer Survivors Optimizing Engagement of the Latino Community in Cancer Research Latino Population Growth and the Changing Demography of Cancer Implementation Science to Enhance the Value of Cancer Research in Latinos A Strength-Based Approach to Cancer Prevention in Latinxs Overcoming Clinical Research Disparities by Advancing Inclusive Research Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos: Building Collaboration for Action will appeal to a wide readership due to its comprehensive coverage of topics ranging from basic science and community prevention research to clinical practice to policy. The book is an essential resource for physicians and other medical professionals, researchers, scientists, academicians, patient advocates, and students. It also will appeal to policy-makers, NCI-designated cancer centers, academic centers, state health departments, and community organizations.
    Keywords: Latinx cancer ; Health equity ; health threats in the Latino\Latina community ; vulnerable populations and cancer health disparities ; cancer outcomes and survivorship ; precision medicine ; engaging Latinos in cancer research ; emerging healthcare policies ; implementation science and innovative technology ; hot topics in Latino\Latina cancer health disparities ; cancer and lifestyles ; cancer patient advocacy ; cancer therapies and clinical trials ; HPV vaccination for cancer prevention ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCQ Health economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature | Springer International Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022-05-12
    Description: Cancer screening is a prominent strategy in cancer control in the United States, yet the ability to correctly interpret cancer screening data eludes many researchers, clinicians, and policy makers. This open access primer rectifies that situation by teaching readers, in simple language and with straightforward examples, why and how the population-level cancer burden changes when screening is implemented, and how we assess whether that change is of benefit. This book provides an in-depth look at the many aspects of cancer screening and its assessment, including screening phenomena, performance measures, population-level outcomes, research designs, and other important and timely topics. Concise, accessible, and focused, Assessment of Cancer Screening: A Primer is best suited to those with education or experience in clinical research or public health in the United States - no previous knowledge of cancer screening assessment is necessary. This is the first text dedicated to cancer screening theory and methodology to be published in 20 years.
    Keywords: Cancer Prevention ; Cancer Statistics ; Cancer Performance Measures ; Cancer Population Measures ; Cancer Screening Process ; Open Access ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBG Medical equipment & techniques::MBGR Medical research ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    Amsterdam University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-01-28
    Description: Every nation in Asia has dealt with COVID-19 differently and with varying levels of success in the absence of clear and effective leadership from the WHO. As a result, the WHO’s role in Asia as a global health organization is coming under increasing pressure. As its credibility is slowly being eroded by public displays of incompetence and negligence, it has also become an arena of contestation. Moreover, while the pandemic continues to undermine the future of global health governance as a whole, the highly interdependent economies in Asia have exposed the speed with which pandemics can spread, as intensive regional travel and business connections have caused every area in the region to be hit hard. The migrant labor necessary to sustain globalized economies has been strained and the security of international workers is now more precarious than ever, as millions have been left stranded, seen their entry blocked, or have limited access to health services. This volume provides an accessible framework for the understanding the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in Asia, with a specific emphasis on global governance in health and labor.
    Keywords: Public health, Migrant labour, COVID-19, WHO, Governance, Public policy ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPQ Central government::JPQB Central government policies
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Viruses of the Parvoviridae family constitute a most diverse and intriguing field of research. Parvoviruses can differ widely in their structure, genome organization and expression, virus–cell interactions, and impact on hosts. The translational implication of research on parvoviruses is relevant, since many viruses are important human and veterinary pathogens, while other viruses can be engineered as tools for oncolytic therapy or as sophisticated gene delivery vectors. Exploring the diversity and inherent complexity in the biology of these apparently simple viruses is a still challenging topic for the scientific community. The Special Issue of Viruses is a collection of recent contributions in the field of parvovirus research, encompassing many aspects of basic and translational research on viruses of the family Parvoviridae, including on their structure, replication, and gene expression in addition to virus–host interactions and the development of vaccines and viral vectors.
    Keywords: feline parvovirus ; virus-like particles ; VP2 protein ; antibodies ; AAV ; neuro-degenerative disease ; gene therapy ; antigenicity ; sequencing ; virus ; canine parvovirus ; peri-urban ; wild dogs ; disease transmission ; Australia ; parvovirus B19 ; G-quadruplex ; bioinformatics ; antivirals ; BRACO-19 ; pyridostatin ; oncolytic viruses ; rodent protoparvovirus H-1PV ; virus entry ; clathrin-mediated endocytosis ; parvovirus ; minute virus of mice ; RNA processing ; gene expression ; canine ; COVID-19 ; veterinary epidemiology ; B19V ; VP1u ; receptor ; PLA2 ; erythroid cells ; biomarker ; drug delivery ; nanocarrier ; B19 parvovirus ; detection ; cell cycle ; permissivity ; serotype ; capsid ; cryo-EM ; genome packaging ; gene delivery ; bocavirus ; Caribbean region ; new CPV-2a ; outbreak ; endemic ; nearly complete genomes ; virus evolution ; parvoviruses ; nucleus ; imaging of viral interactions and dynamics ; analysis of protein–protein interactions ; analysis of virus–chromatin interactions ; AMDV ; Aleutian disease ; mink parvovirus ; Aleutian mink disease virus ; vaccine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    Springer Nature | Springer
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This is an open access book which brings together leading scholars and critical discourses on political, economic, legal, technological, socio-cultural and systemic changes and continuities intersecting media and health crises in Sub-Saharan Africa. The volume extensively discusses COVID-19 but it also covers other epidemics, such as malaria, HIV/AIDS as well as “silent” health crises such as mental health---simmering across the subcontinent. The chapters fill knowledge gaps, highlight innovations, unpack the complexities surrounding the media ecosystem in times of health crises. They explore, among other issues, the politics of public health communication; infodemics; existential threats to media viability; draconian legislations; threats to journalists/journalism; COVID-related entrepreneurship, marginalization, and more. This is a timely resource for academics, advocacy groups, media practitioners and policy makers working on crises and media reporting, not just in Africa but anywhere in the global South.
    Keywords: Health communication ; COVID-19 ; Political economy of the media ; Pandemics and the media ; Media gagging ; Marginalization discourses ; Sub-Saharan Africa ; Regulatory frameworks ; Reporters Without Borders ; Intimidation of journalists ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFD Media studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2022-07-27
    Description: As healthcare systems continue to evolve, it is clear that providing safe, high-quality care to patients is an extremely complex process. Ranging from multi-disciplinary teams to bedside care, virtually every aspect of the patient-care experience provides us with an opportunity for doing things better, from improving efficiency, safety, and overall outcomes to reducing costs and promoting team synergy. This book, the fifth in our patient safety series collection, consists of chapters that help explore key concepts related to both the safety and quality of care. In a departure from the vignette-driven format of our earlier books, this installment gravitates toward discussing frameworks, theoretical considerations, team-centric approaches, and a variety of other concepts that are critical to both our understanding and the implementation of safer and better-performing health systems. We also feel that the knowledge presented herein increasingly applies across the world, especially as global health systems evolve and mature over time. It is our goal to improve the recognition of potential opportunities that will highlight various aspects of the delivery of healthcare and thus contribute to better patient experiences, with safety at the forefront. Topics covered in this volume, as well as the previous volumes, highlight the critical importance of identifying and addressing opportunities for improvement, not as one-time events, but rather as continuous, hardwired institutional processes.
    Keywords: Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    Johns Hopkins University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-07-15
    Description: How can new understandings about cancer cell interactions help doctors better control, and eventually cure, cancer?Cancer is a formidable enemy. In fact, people born in America since 1960 face a one in two chance of being diagnosed with cancer in their lifetimes. However, there's growing evidence that fewer cancers will be death sentences for patients. New approaches and understandings are transforming the medical world, increasing success rates for remissions, disease management, and cures. Dr. Ashani Weeraratna is at the forefront of this new level of care. In Is Cancer Inevitable?, Weeraratna—a pioneering melanoma researcher whose work explores the role aging plays in cancer cells' spread and drug resistance—gives readers an inside look at several of the latest cancer advances. Detailing the actions that are reducing the disease's impact and exploring what the future may hold, she explains how the molecular mechanisms involved in metastasis and the cells' microenvironments influence cancer's development and progression. Over the years, she writes, our understanding of how cancer cells move throughout the body, change as they plant themselves in the body's microenvironments, and even communicate with one another have led to major insights about how cancer works. With compelling detail, she takes us inside her lab, revealing how new insights are leading to major breakthroughs, even among patients with Stage IV cancer. She also explains how age-related changes in the microenvironment contribute to multiple aspects of melanoma formation and development. Such scholarship, she argues, is moving us toward a day when more patients will be declared cancer-free. An inspiring and deeply personal book, Is Cancer Inevitable? offers readers newfound hope.Features• Explores key insights and studies developed in recent years that have greatly influenced the world of cancer research, including how aging microenvironments within our bodies encourage metastasis and therapy resistance• Guides readers through Dr. Ashani Weeraratna's personal story of coming to the United States from Lesotho at the age of 17 and rising to become one of the pioneers in her field• Brings readers inside Weeraratna's lab, describing both the processes and the missions of her work • Raises awareness about how cancer works within the body and what any patient or family encountering the disease needs to understand—while also offering them hope based on new and forthcoming diagnostic and treatment methods• Outlines why we will never control—let alone cure—cancer if we don't find a common purpose and come together in collaboration, inviting the greatest minds from around the world to participate in finding and implementing solutionsJohns Hopkins WavelengthsIn classrooms, field stations, and laboratories in Baltimore and around the world, the Bloomberg Distinguished Professors of Johns Hopkins University are opening the boundaries of our understanding of many of the world's most complex challenges. The Johns Hopkins Wavelengths book series brings readers inside their stories, illustrating how their pioneering discoveries benefit people in their neighborhoods and across the globe in artificial intelligence, cancer research, food systems' environmental impacts, health equity, science diplomacy, and other critical arenas of study. Through these compelling narratives, their insights will spark conversations from dorm rooms to dining rooms to boardrooms.
    Keywords: Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: Neuromechanics has been used to identify optimal rehabilitation protocols that successfully improve motor deficits in various populations, such as elderly people and individuals with neurological diseases (e.g., stroke, Parkinson’s disease, and essential tremor). By investigating structural and functional changes in the central and peripheral nervous systems based on neuromechanical theories and findings, we can expand our knowledge regarding underlying neurophysiological mechanisms and specific motor impairment patterns before and after therapies to further develop new training programs (e.g., non-invasive brain stimulation). Thus, the aim of this Special Issue is to present the main contributions of researchers and rehabilitation specialists in biomechanics, motor control, neurophysiology, neuroscience, and rehabilitation science. The current collection provides new neuromechanical approaches addressing theoretical, methodological, and practical topics for facilitating motor recovery progress.
    Keywords: obesity ; gait ; adaptation ; rehabilitation ; resistance training ; arterial stiffness ; pulse wave velocity ; augmentation index ; H:M ratio ; Thomas test ; vertical jump ; Idiopathic Toe Walking ; fall risk ; foot contact dynamics ; foot initial contact ; push-off ; bilateral deficit ; postmenopausal ; hand-grip strength ; dominant hand ; pulse wave analysis ; chronic stroke ; bimanual movement ; bimanual force control ; affect ; physical fitness ; dance-based group exercise ; wearable technology ; smartwatch ; postural stability ; older adults ; stepping on a stair ; time to stabilization ; sedentary behavior ; core stabilization training ; neuromuscular properties ; muscle function ; knee ; neuromuscular control ; force control ; variability ; complexity ; asymmetry ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: Nanotechnology has offered a wide range of opportunities for the development and application of structures, materials, or systems with new properties in the food industry in recent years. The developed nanomaterials could greatly improve not only food quality and safety but also the foods’ health benefits. Therefore, the great potential of nanomaterial has provided a new perspective for researchers to dive deep into the material at the nano level. It is essential to further come up with novel techniques, methods, and products that have a direct application to nanotechnology in food science. This Special Issue aims to provide an overview of the current and projected outcomes made on nanoscience and nanotechnology fields, from nanomaterials design, conception and characterization to its application in a variety of food-related industries. Researchers are invited to submit their up-to-date original research articles, review works, and short communications to this Foods Special Issue: “Preparation of Novel Nanomaterial and its Application in Food Industry”
    Keywords: nano/micro-structure ; pesticide detection card ; electrospinning ; hydrophilic modification ; sensitivity ; naringenin ; naringin ; nanoliposomes ; pH-driven ; stability ; thymol ; nanosuspensions ; caseinate ; pH-driven method ; water solubility ; cinnamaldehyde ; halloysite nanotubes ; sodium alginate ; release ; dexamethasone ; time-resolved fluorescent microspheres ; immunochromatographic assay ; milk ; pork ; emulsions ; soy protein ; soy polysaccharide ; soy lecithin ; delivery ; electrspinning ; Nervilia fordii extract ; nano-encapsulation ; antioxidant activity ; solution blow spinning ; gelatin ; nylon 66 ; modification ; rapid fabrication ; Zein ; 7,8-dihydroxyflavone ; sophorolipid ; polysaccharide ; ternary nanoparticles ; lutein ; bioaccessibility ; encapsulation ; microfluidics ; nodularin ; nanobody ; detection ; ic-ELISA ; fluorescence ; quantum dots ; copper (II) ions ; water ; photoelectrochemical detection ; aptamer ; Listeria monocytogenes ; exonuclease I ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: It is important to prevent and manage the frailty of the elderly because their muscle strength and physical activity decrease in old age, making them prone to falling, depression, and social isolation. In the end, they need to be admitted to a hospital or a nursing home. When successful aging fails and motor ability declines due to illness, malnutrition, or reduced activity, frailty eventually occurs. Once frailty occurs, people with frailty do not have the power to exercise or the power to move. The functions of the heart and muscles are deteriorated more rapidly when they are not used. Consequently, frailty goes through a vicious cycle. As one’s physical fitness is deteriorated, the person has less power to exercise, poorer cognitive functions, and inferior nutrition intake. Consequently, the whole body of the person deteriorates. Therefore, in addition to observational studies to identify risk factors for preventing aging, various intervention studies have been conducted to develop exercise programs and apply them to communities, hospitals, and nursing homes for helping the elderly maintain healthy lives. Until now, most aging studies have focused on physical frailty. However, social frailty and cognitive frailty affect senile health negatively just as much as physical frailty. Nevertheless, little is known about social frailty and cognitive frailty. This special issue includes original experimental studies, reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analysis studies on the prevention of senescence (physical senescence, cognitive senescence, social senescence), high-risk group detection, differentiation, and intervention.
    Keywords: brain stimulation ; dementia ; meta-analysis ; naming ; primary progressive aphasia ; qualitative evaluation ; cognitive function ; data mining ; Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment ; random forest ; neuropsychological test ; motoric cognitive risk syndrome ; fall ; gait speed ; three-item recall ; older adults ; mixing ability ; color-changing chewing gum ; frailty ; cross-sectional study ; spousal concordance ; aging ; aged ; accidental falls ; pain ; mild cognitive impairment ; depressive symptoms ; frailty profiles ; latent class analysis ; quality of life ; perceived health ; frailty syndrome ; physiotherapy ; exercise ; mood ; BDI ; STAI ; SWLS ; muscle strength ; community-dwelling older adults ; physical frailty ; prevalence ; risk factors ; non-robust ; FRAIL scale ; Tilburg Frailty Indicator ; determinants ; community-based ; sleep quality ; middle-aged and older adults ; SUNFRAIL ; psychometric properties ; screening tool ; social isolation ; social networks ; social support ; social participation ; Parkinson’s disease dementia ; instrumental activities of daily living ; clinical dementia rating ; convergence rate ; neuropsychological tests ; neuropsychiatric symptoms ; explainable artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; stacking ensemble ; Self-Rating Anxiety Scale ; multiple risk factors ; fall assessment sheet ; elderly patients ; hospitalization ; risk management ; driving cessation ; meaningful activities ; psychosomatic functions ; physical functional performance ; nursing homes ; physical fitness ; gait analysis ; indicators ; screening ; artificial intelligence ; healthcare ; frail ; Baduanjin ; strength training ; endurance training ; Explainable Artificial Intelligence ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: Rarely has scientific research been as solicited as societies struggle to cope with the coronavirus. The questions raised by COVID-19 are germane to the medical and the social sciences. From an international relations perspective, COVID-19 gets to the heart of what comprises the global commons. From a public policy perspective, COVID-19 is the wicked policy problem par excellence, requiring inter-agency collaboration. From a comparative politics perspective, COVID-19 provides a vast living dataset to engage in multi-level comparisons and real-time experiments. In the medical research field, the pandemic has provided advancements in medical science that would not have been possible without access to a living laboratory. The reprint addresses the transnational and transdisciplinary challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Responding to existential dilemmas, the COVID-19 pandemic calls for a major transdisciplinary research effort that necessarily combines several levels of empirical analysis and methodological tools and bridges distinct academic and scientific traditions. The main sections of the reprint provide specific insights from medical and social sciences, health and well-being, politics and society and international relations. Though the chapters are framed in terms of distinct disciplinary perspectives and traditions, the overarching spirit of the book to open up received wisdoms and paradigms to challenges from scholars working in different academic disciplines and traditions.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; coronavirus disease ; physiological effects ; psychological effects ; psychophysiological effects ; exercise ; physical activity ; n/a ; preventive behaviors ; physical activity (PA) ; fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC) ; depression ; loneliness ; older adults ; China ; behavioral response ; mental response ; pandemic ; social welfare ; trust ; transparency ; adult social care ; UK ; political trust ; social trust ; transnational ; transdisciplinary ; United States ; European Union ; Xi Jinping ; Donald Trump ; Joe Biden ; critical juncture ; (dis)trust ; health diplomacy ; facemasks ; racism ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: The Special Issue of the journal Diagnostics entitled “Challenges and Advances in Tuberculosis and Mycobacterial Lung Diseases” encompasses research articles, case presentations, and literature reviews concerning the epidemiology, medical surveillance, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in tuberculosis (TB) and in the infections caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM ). The articles present the current status of knowledge concerning the use of molecular tests and genotyping of M. tuberculosis for the rapid identification of MDR and XDR clones, the advances in the identification of NTM and their differentiation to the species level, as well as clinical studies performed in TB and NTM risk groups. In addition, a summary of current recommendations concerning diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous pericarditis is presented.
    Keywords: Gordonia bronchialis ; microbiological diagnostics ; respiratory infection ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; drug resistance ; XDR-tuberculosis ; household TB transmission ; tuberculous pericarditis ; extrapulmonary tuberculosis ; pericarditis ; constrictive pericarditis ; tuberculosis ; abscess ; scrofula ; head and neck ; epiglottis ; larynx ; airway ; mycobacteria ; surgical drainage ; FluoroType MTBDR ; molecular ; isoniazid ; rifampin ; bacillus Calmette-Guerin ; bladder cancer immunotherapy ; BCGosis ; BCG pulmonary infection ; severe respiratory insufficiency ; nontuberculous mycobacterium ; lung cancer ; surgery ; nontuberculous mycobacteria ; cystic fibrosis ; chest computed tomography ; Beijing-TB ; Beijing-like genotype ; Mycobacterium chimaera ; nontuberculous mycobacterial disease ; silicosis ; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ; COVID-19 pandemic ; spoligotyping ; Poland ; human immunodeficiency virus ; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ; chest imaging ; rapidly growing mycobacteria ; antimicrobial resistance ; broth microdilution ; minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: The arterial pole is one of the most complex parts of the heart both in development and disease. It involves the collaboration and orchestration of contributions from the first and second heart fields as well as the neural crest. The precursor cells differentiate into endocardial cushions and putative cardiac valves, the myocardium, and epicardium of the heart, but also into the different layers of the main arterial vessels. These include not only the aorta and the pulmonary trunk but also the pulmonary and coronary arteries, and during development, the arterial duct. Many transcriptional and signaling networks act in timely concert to acquire the proper asymmetric development and function and pressure and flow dynamics. This is not only a human or even mammalian ‘enterprise,’ but is also taking place in so-called ancestral forms from fish to reptiles, including birds. In humans, it is small wonder that many clinical syndromes may arise when something in this complexity is amiss. This Special Issue of JCDD contains contributions focussed on the heart fields, congenital cardiac malformations and associated syndromes, with special emphasis on the cardiac outflow tract. The Issue is devoted to Prof. Dr. Adriana Gittenberger-de Groot, who dedicated her extensive career to research on cardiovascular development.
    Keywords: transforming growth factor beta-3 ; cardiac development ; loeys dietz syndrome-5 ; arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia ; rienhoff syndrome ; cleft palate ; congenital heart disease ; outflow tract septation ; signaling networks ; transcription factor AP-2α ; cardiovascular development ; outflow tract ; pharyngeal arch artery ; neural crest cell ; pharyngeal ectoderm ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; monozygotic twins ; discordant phenotype ; genetics ; variations ; epigenetics ; DNA methylation ; candidate genes ; acute aortic syndrome ; cardiovascular disease ; aorta ; aortic valve replacement ; surgical ; aortic surgery ; bicuspid aortic valve ; Bentall ; Kommerell’s diverticulum ; right sided aortic arch ; anomalous left subclavian artery ; arteria lusoria ; tracheal compression ; esophageal compression ; transposition great arteries coronary anatomy ; Rac1 ; proliferation ; cell polarity ; congenital heart defects ; compact myocardium ; trabeculation ; aortic stenosis ; asymptomatic ; early surgery ; watchful waiting ; cardiac progenitor cells ; second heart field ; neural crest ; endocardium ; cushion ; valve ; ductus arteriosus ; neointima ; tunica media ; transcriptome ; lineage tracing ; developmental biology ; cell identity ; atrioventricular valve ; epicardium ; lateral cushion ; major cushion ; myxomatous degeneration ; homograft ; semilunar valves ; aortic regurgitation ; superimposed tissue ; original leaflet ; myofibroblasts ; free edge folding ; remodeling ; dissection of ductus arteriosus ; sudden unexpected intrauterine death ; single coronary artery ; Leiden Convention coronary coding system ; Lipton classification ; coronary artery anatomy ; transposition of the great arteries ; arterial switch operation ; coronary artery ; coronary complications ; imaging ; fetal aortic stenosis ; prenatal ultrasound ; postmortem histology ; speckle tracking analysis ; endocardial fibro-elastosis ; endocardial cushions ; cartilage ; foramen of Panizza ; left aorta ; right aorta ; pulmonary trunk ; pharyngeal arch arteries ; coronary arteries ; cardiac fields ; cardiomyocyte ; progenitor specification ; heart tube ; aortic wall ; cardiovascular pathogenesis ; arterial duct ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Disasters such as earthquakes, cyclones, floods, heat waves, nuclear accidents, and large-scale pollution incidents take lives and incur major health problems. The majority of large-scale disasters affect the most vulnerable populations, which often comprise extreme ages, remote living areas, and endemic poverty, as well as people with low literacy. Health emergency and disaster risk management (Health-EDRM) refers to the systematic analysis and management of health risks surrounding emergencies and disasters, and plays an important role in reducing the hazards and vulnerability along with extending preparedness, responses, and recovery measures. This concept encompasses risk analyses and interventions, such as accessible early warning systems, the timely deployment of relief workers, and the provision of suitable drugs and medical equipment to decrease the impact of disasters on people before, during, and after an event (or events). Currently, there is a major gap in the scientific literature regarding Health-EDRM to facilitate major global policies and initiatives for disaster risk reduction worldwide.
    Keywords: infection spread and control ; infection risk ; human behavior ; close contact ; sensor-based ; indoor environment ; indoor positioning ; head and body motion ; open-plan office ; disaster ; psychosocial impacts ; community resilience ; Kumamoto earthquake ; DMHISS ; disaster psychiatry ; Japan ; acute mental health needs ; duration of activity ; DPAT (Disaster Psychiatric Assistance Team) ; cold ; personal health protective behaviour ; associated factors ; risk perception ; subtropical city ; disaster responders ; support ; psychosocial ; risk management ; COVID-19 ; urban ; health risks ; Health-Emergency and Disaster Risk Management ; biological hazard ; pandemic ; PHEIC ; Hong Kong ; Fukushima nuclear accident ; mass media ; Internet ; public health practice ; community mental health services ; typhoon ; hurricane ; cyclone ; strong wind levels ; natural disaster ; Health-EDRM ; risk-taking behaviour ; sensation seeking ; landslide displacement ; predictive uncertainty ; ensemble prediction ; probability combination scheme ; quantile regression neural networks (QRNNs) ; kernel density estimation (KDE) ; Daegu ; sense of belonging ; pride ; mental health ; disaster relief fund ; non-communicable disease ; self-care ; NCD management ; home care ; early phase of pandemic ; health-EDRM ; primary prevention ; vector-borne disease ; biological hazards ; climate change ; narrative review ; Asia Pacific ; Health EDRM ; long-term impact ; public health ; case study ; disaster management ; multi-case analysis ; Europe ; flood ; elderly ; cardiovascular diseases ; cerebrovascular diseases ; H-EDRM ; extreme temperature ; socioeconomic vulnerability ; health disparities ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: Alcohol is often perceived as an under-rated risk factor for human health. This book corrects these misperceptions and misinformation by providing up to date reviews and publications that consider the impact of alcoholic beverages on human health in the domains of toxicity, carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, foetal toxicity, neurotoxicity, impacts of alcohol on the gastro-intestinal system (including nutrient deficiencies), cardiovascular system, injuries, body weight and communicable diseases. The reprint considers how the impact of alcohol on human health can be mitigated – through, for example, improved labelling on nutrients and health warnings, better policy measures, and actions by alcohol producers on their products through reformulation to lower alcoholic strength.
    Keywords: alcoholism ; evolution ; fermentation ; frugivory ; Homo ; primate ; yeast ; alcohol ; patterns of drinking ; disease ; mortality ; dose response ; monotonous ; protective effects ; curvilinear ; alcohol control policy ; injury ; review ; risk ; morbidity ; policy ; intervention ; public health ; alcohol industry ; Canada ; body weight ; obesity ; eating dietary intake ; drinking pattern ; labelling ; health warning labels ; effectiveness ; implementation ; burden of disease ; death ; disability ; infectious diseases ; non-communicable diseases ; injuries ; global ; no-alcohol products ; low-alcohol products ; production ; consumption ; health impact ; gut ; liver ; cirrhosis ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; microbiome ; acetaldehyde ; oxidative stress ; inflammation ; one carbon metabolism ; lipid metabolism ; DNA damage ; cancer ; carcinogenesis ; communicable diseases ; HIV ; tuberculosis ; pneumonia ; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; alcohol drinking ; binge drinking ; cardiovascular diseases ; ischaemic heart disease ; hypertension ; stroke ; fetal ; fetal alcohol spectrum disorder ; pregnancy ; risk assessment ; hepatotoxicity ; dose–response relationship ; margin of exposure ; epidemiological methods ; brain ; addiction ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: This book is dedicated to the current trends and new challenges that have emerged from the new e-learning environment, focusing on its potential to revolutionize Healthcare Education and exploring how it may help to better prepare future healthcare professionals for their daily practice. “E-learning and Digital Training in Healthcare Education: Current Trends and New Challenges” contains several research articles focused on new insights into the use of interactive and intuitive e-learning tools and innovative teaching methodologies that engage healthcare students in the new web-based environment training. It also includes several case studies of ‘pathfinder’ e-learning initiatives and surveys related to the penetration and acceptance of digital training in Healthcare Education.
    Keywords: &nbsp ; e-learning ; digital training ; healthcare education ; innovation in teaching ; clinical teaching&nbsp ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: In this Special Issue of the journal, advancements in the treatment of liver diseases are illustrated by international experts in the field. New treatment options for primary biliary cirrhosis and, hopefully, primary sclerosing cholangitis are discussed. Up-to-date pharmacological therapy for preventing liver cirrhosis decompensation and treating acute-on-chronic liver failure is highlighted. Furthermore, new treatments for cholangiocarcinoma, based on biological and tissue markers, will be available in the near future, aiming to surpass the current unsatisfactory results of traditional therapies. Immunotherapy has been applied to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The new first-line treatment, combining atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for HCC in the intermediate and advanced stages, will allow for an increase in patient survival in the near future. Liver transplantation (LT) remains the preferred treatment for many patients with end-stage liver diseases and HCC. The selection criteria for LT in patients with HCC moved from morphological to dynamic criteria, such as those derived from the assessment of tumor responses to locoregional and/or systemic treatments before transplantation. This allowed many patients who would have been excluded from a transplantation with the old selection criteria to access one. Finally, a very interesting issue regarding new indications for liver transplantation is illustrated.
    Keywords: tolvaptan ; cirrhotic ascites ; survival rate ; furosemide ; primary biliary cholangitis ; autoantibodies ; ursodeoxycholic acid ; treatment response ; second line therapy ; primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) ; primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) ; clinical trials ; ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) ; Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) agonist ; Pan-Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) agonists ; liver cancer ; systemic treatment ; immunotherapy ; real-world ; unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma ; cirrhosis ; decompensation ; bleeding ; varices ; survival ; infection ; alcoholic hepatitis ; acute-on-chronic liver failure ; cholangiocarcinoma ; colorectal cancer metastases ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; liver transplantation ; Milan criteria ; alpha-fetoprotein ; solid organ transplantation ; liver injury ; immunosuppressant ; SARS-CoV-2 ; humoral response ; vaccination ; portal-systemic shunt ; ammonia ; vigilance ; HBV ; HDV ; antivirals ; functional cure ; pharmacology ; acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) ; liver transplantation (LT) ; decompensated cirrhosis ; portal hypertension ; ascites ; non-selective beta-blockers ; TIPS ; rifaximin ; human albumin ; statins ; targeted therapy ; effective hypovolemia ; anti-mineralocorticoids ; loop diuretics ; vaptans ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature | Springer
    Publication Date: 2022-12-14
    Description: Der Arzneimittel-Kompass 2022, der sowohl als Open-Access-Publikation als auch als gedrucktes Buch erscheint, widmet sich dem Schwerpunktthema „Qualität der Arzneimittelversorgung“. Dabei stehen die Qualitätssicherung und das Qualitätsmanagement in der zweiten Ausgabe des Arzneimittel-Kompass im Fokus. Namhafte Autorinnen und Autoren analysieren Stärken und Schwächen in der Arzneimittelversorgung und beschreiben die Umsetzungsherausforderungen, die der komplexe Prozess einer optimalen Versorgung der Bevölkerung mit Arzneimitteln mit sich bringt. Der Arzneimittel-Kompass 2022 geht unter anderem den folgenden Fragen nach: Was wird unter Qualität in der Arzneimittelversorgung verstanden? Wie ist die Qualität in der Arzneimittelversorgung spezifischer Gruppen von Patientinnen und Patienten wie beispielsweise von Kindern, älteren Menschen oder MS-Erkrankten zu bewerten? Sind Defizite bei der Verordnung von Kontrazeptiva, bei der Hormonersatztherapie, an der Schnittstelle von ambulanter und stationärer Versorgung oder von Patientinnen und Patienten mit Covid-19 erkennbar? Welche Hürden und Hindernisse gilt es zu bewältigen, um diese Defizite auszugleichen? Wie kann das Wissen über eine qualitativ hochwertige Arzneimittelversorgung auch in der Praxis umgesetzt werden? Zentrale Entwicklungen im Arzneimittelmarkt werden analysiert und beschrieben Die Ausgaben für Arzneimittel und Impfstoffe, die im Jahr 2021 mit 52,0 Mrd. € einen neuen Höchststand erreicht haben, werden differenziert in den Blick genommen. Die Auswertungen basieren auf 810 Millionen Verordnungen von mehr als 210.000 Ärztinnen und Ärzten für 73,3 Mio. GKV-Versicherte. Besondere Beachtung gilt den Trends in den Marktsegmenten Generika, Biosimilars, Patentarzneimittel und Orphan Drugs. Die Wirksamkeit der gesetzlichen Regulierungsinstrumente wird gleichfalls betrachtet. Ein Blick auf die Arzneimittelversorgung in Deutschland im Vergleich zu anderen europäischen Ländern rundet diesen Teil ab. Die Herausgeberinnen und Herausgeber Der Arzneimittel-Kompass 2022 wird von Helmut Schröder, Dr. Carsten Telschow und Dr. Melanie Schröder vom Wissenschaftlichen Institut der AOK (WIdO), Prof. Dr. med. Petra Thürmann von der Universität Witten-Herdecke und Prof. Dr. med. Reinhard Busse von der Technischen Universität Berlin herausgegeben.
    Keywords: Arzneimittelpreise ; Arzneimittelqualität ; pharmazeutische Industrie ; Gesundheitssystem ; Arzneimittelversorgung ; Arzneimittelmarkt ; Evidenzbasierte Medizin ; Covid-19 ; Pharmacoeconomics ; Drug Therapy ; Versorgungssicherheit bei Arzneimitteln ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCQ Health economics
    Language: German
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    Universidad Santiago de Cali | Control de riesgos ocupacionales en prácticas formativas en salud
    Publication Date: 2022-06-09
    Description: Published
    Description: La Ley de Riesgos Laborales en Colombia, –Ley 1562 del 2012–, obliga a los empleadores colombianos, a identificar, evaluar y controlar los peligros laborales generados de la ocupación que realizan los trabajadores, garantizando que cada uno de ellos asuma medidas preventivas, a partir del fomento de ambientes de trabajo seguros. Los estudiantes en prácticas formativas en salud son parte del sistema de riesgos laborales como lo reglamenta el Decreto 055 del 2015, ya que tienen dentro de su ocupación la exposición a peligros; por esto dentro del sistema tienen derechos y obligaciones, enfocados desde el autocuidado y la autoprotección, por lo que las instituciones encargadas de la afiliación a riesgos deben implementar para la prevención el Sistema de Gestión en Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo – SGSST–, el cual debe contener, actividades para promover ambientes de trabajo saludable y la prevención de accidente de trabajo – AT y enfermedad laboral – EL, a través de programas, campañas y acciones de educación y prevención dirigidas a garantizar que trabajadores y estudiantes conozcan sus deberes y derechos y cumplan las normas y reglamentos técnicos en seguridad y salud en el trabajo. Esto debe hacerse identificando las condiciones de trabajo y salud, que serán priorizadas para un plan de mejoramiento e intervención, incluyendo la capacitación básica en la identificación y prevención de los riesgos en los sitios de prácticas formativas, fomentando estilos de trabajo y de vida saludables, de acuerdo con los perfiles epidemiológicos y a la determinación de causas de los accidentes de trabajo y enfermedades laborales que presenten los estudiantes durante la práctica (1, 2, 3, 4, 5.)
    Keywords: Riesgos laborales ; Administración de riesgos ; Valoración ; Salud ocupacional ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Spanish
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-10
    Description: This handbook illustrates the evolution of literature and science, in collaboration and contestation, across the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The essays it gathers question the charged rhetoric that pits science against the humanities while also demonstrating the ways in which the convergence of literary and scientific approaches strengthens cultural analyses of colonialism, race, sex, labor, state formation, and environmental destruction. The broad scope of this collection explores the shifting relations between literature and science that have shaped our own cultural moment, sometimes in ways that create a problematic hierarchy of knowledge and other times in ways that encourage fruitful interdisciplinary investigations, innovative modes of knowledge production, and politically charged calls for social justice. Across units focused on epistemologies, techniques and methods, ethics and politics, and forms and genres, the chapters address problems ranging across epidemiology and global health, genomics and biotechnology, environmental and energy sciences, behaviorism and psychology, physics, and computational and surveillance technologies. Chapter 19 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
    Keywords: health; medicine; environmental science; energy science; animal studies; genetics; genomics; neuro-cognition; technology; biotechnology; computational science ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature | Springer International Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022-09-22
    Description: This open access book provides an overview and analysis of the causes and consequences of the massive and highly consequential transition in reproductive behaviour that occurred in Asia, Latin America, and Africa since the mid-20th century. In the 1950s contraceptive use was rare and women typically spend most of their reproductive years bearing and rearing children. By 2020 fertility and contraceptive use in Asia and Latin America reached levels commonly observed in the developed world. Africa’s fertility is still high, but transitions have started in all countries. This monograph is the first to provide a comprehensive analysis of these trends and their determinants, covering changes in reproductive behaviour (e.g., use of contraception and abortion), preferences (e.g., desire to limit and space births) and the role of socioeconomic development (e.g., education). The role of government policies and in particular family planning programs is discussed in depth. Particular attention is given to provide a balanced assessment of several political and scientific controversies that have beset the field. As such this book provides an interesting read for a wide audience of undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and public health policy makers.
    Keywords: Fertility transition ; Developing world ; Determinants of fertility ; Family planning programs ; Population policies ; Fertility policies ; Fertility trends ; Fertility decline ; Fertility preferences ; Socio-economic determinants in fertility decline ; Demographic transition ; Impact of population policies ; Political controversy over population policy ; Reproductive behaviour transition ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBD Population & demography ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCP Political economy ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-13
    Description: Published
    Description: Con el ánimo de propiciar un mayor entendimiento sobre las características del Sistema General de Riesgos Laborales para los Estudiantes en prácticas formativas y contribuir a informar acerca de los beneficios que tiene la afiliación de los estudiantes a riesgos laborales y los mecanismos de prevención para gestionar los riesgos propios que requiere cada disciplina de salud que realiza prácticas, la academia se ve comprometida desde su componente social con la implantación de estrategias educativas que fortalezcan las prácticas formativas seguras en los estudiantes. Como parte de esta estrategia se presenta este documento compuesto por ocho capítulos en los que se contemplan las siguientes temáticas: Capítulo 1. Describe los principios generales de la prevención para los estudiantes en los escenarios de prácticas formativas, con base en el cumplimiento de la normatividad vigente en riesgos laborales. Los capítulos 2, 3, 4, 5 y 6 tratan las prácticas seguras en los programas académicos del campo de la salud, a partir de las competencias establecidas por el Ministerio de Salud de Colombia. El Capítulo 7, indica el protocolo de actuación en caso de accidente biológico en la práctica formativa, con la finalidad de fortalecer el conocimiento en prácticas seguras y con ello minimizar el riesgo de accidentes y de enfermedad laboral en dichas prácticas. Además como soporte normativo se menciona en el Capítulo 8 la legislación en riesgos laborales.
    Keywords: Riesgos laborales ; Administración de riesgos ; Valoración ; Salud ocupacional ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Spanish
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: Nowadays, we use the term “modern endodontics” thanks to new technologies, novel materials, and revolutionary techniques. Various equipment is available to facilitate and improve our endodontic treatments, such as operating microscopes, ultrasounds, lasers, modern alloys for rotary files, powerful irrigation systems, new materials for filling root canals, 3D radiology, and several more. With the aid of the previously mentioned advances, complex endodontic treatments can be carried out safely, hence guaranteeing patients a high level of care and, above all, saving teeth that would otherwise be doomed for extraction. General practitioners and, even more importantly, specialists in endodontics should implement these modern technologies in their practice. This Special Issue will focus on modern endodontics regarding all the recent updates. Full papers of original articles, short communications, and review articles are all invited.
    Keywords: meta-analysis ; root canal filling ; postoperative pain ; bioceramic sealer ; analgesic intake ; flare-up ; endodontics ; cyclic fatigue ; cross-section design ; NiTi ; continuous rotation ; energy-dispersive X-ray ; apical plug ; BioRoot RCS ; micro-computed tomography ; MTA Flow ; porosity ; root perforation ; single cone ; ultrasonic ; endodontic rotary files ; finite element analysis ; fatigue analysis ; pediatric dentistry ; oral health ; dental medicine ; systematic review ; umbrella review ; endodontic reciprocating file ; micro-computed tomography scan ; root canal dentin removal ; primary molar teeth ; pulpotomy ; pulpitis ; toothache ; treatment outcome ; tricalcium silicate ; accuracy ; computed-assisted template ; computer-aided static navigation ; cone-beam computed tomography scan ; digital impression ; tooth autotransplantation ; endodontic surgery ; periapical lesion ; guided tissue regeneration ; bone graft ; membrane ; platelet rich fibrin ; nanodroplets ; confocal laser microscope ; benzalkonium chloride ; chlorhexidine ; sodium hypochlorite ; viability staining ; dental anatomy ; dental pulp ; dental diagnostic imaging ; morphology ; Micro-CT ; root ; root canal ; n/a ; endodontic file ; cross-section ; pitch ; flexural bending ; torsion ; stress distribution ; endodontic rotary file ; reciprocating ; speed ; resistance ; apexification ; endodontic therapy ; immature permanent tooth ; pulp ; regeneration ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: We all agree that people with MS need to be cared in a profoundly personalized way. The care of the patient with MS is still based on the presence of relapses, so their successful diagnosis and treatment is fundamental and will condition the therapeutic strategies to follow with the patient. The treatment strategies are a highly controversial topic of debate that is increasingly supported by robust objective biological markers of response and that also increasingly take into account the dynamics and predictors of cognitive impairment along the disease course, which includes the adoption of new trends in the field of machine learning techniques. However, we all know that patient care goes beyond being treated with drugs and we cannot overlook reminding patients of the importance of their lifestyle behaviors that vary according to the MS phenotype, in order to improve their quality of life. Teleconsultation is a new care strategy proved to be feasible and well-received by patients with MS that will undoubtedly become reinforced because it will allow a closer follow-up of the patient without the need for displacement.
    Keywords: cognition ; cognitive impairment ; neuroimaging ; longitudinal ; predictors ; multiple sclerosis ; lifestyle behavior ; MS management ; MS phenotype ; quality of life ; natalizumab ; extended interval dose ; biomarker ; CD49d ; sVCAM-1 ; immunomonitoring ; personalized dose ; prognosis ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; relapse ; pseudo-relapses ; methylprednisolone ; treatment algorithm ; multiple sclerosis treatment ; escalating strategy ; he-DMT ; diseases modifying therapies ; early intense therapy ; teleconsultation ; internet ; feasibility ; digital health ; neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder ; health-related quality of life ; mood ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature | Springer VS
    Publication Date: 2022-07-14
    Description: Dieser Open-Access-Band bietet eine Übersicht disziplinärer Zugänge und aktueller empirischer Befunde zum Wohlbefinden und gesundheitsrelevanten Verhalten von Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen. Internationale Perspektiven renommierter Experten sowie Beiträge von Akteuren aus verschiedenen Praxisfeldern in Luxemburg ergänzen die Sammlung. Sie machen diesen Band zu einem unverzichtbaren Werk nicht nur für Wissenschaftler, sondern auch für Fachpersonen aus der Praxis mit einem Interesse am Thema Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit junger Menschen.
    Keywords: psychische Gesundheit ; wellbeing ; Health ; Risikoverhalten ; Jugendarbeit ; Cybermobbing ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBK Sociology: family & relationships ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine::MBNH Personal & public health::MBNH9 Health psychology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: German
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: This book focuses on the process of cognitive ageing, considering the increase in cognitive impairment associated with the aging of the population and the related care impact. Special attention is given to cognitive health changes linked to the increase in life expectancy, including the role of subjective factors; the link between cognitive function, mobility and functionality; and the potential role of digital technologies, including computerized cognitive tests and virtual reality environments.
    Keywords: memory loss ; virtual reality ; technology ; nature environments ; qualitative research ; dementia ; long-term care ; cognitive aging ; epidemiology ; healthcare disparities ; minority health ; leisure activity engagement ; measurement of activity ; cognitive performance ; aging adults ; sustained attention to response task ; SART ; multimodal visualization ; threshold ; timed up-and-go ; falls ; cognition ; repeated measures ; mobility decline ; molecular imaging ; ICDs ; 18F-FDG-PET ; Parkinson’s disease ; dopamine agonists ; mixed dementia ; behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia ; challenging behaviors ; lockdown ; depression ; adjustment disorder ; glaucoma ; hallucinations ; polypharmacy ; balance ; exercise ; Otago Exercise Program ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature | Springer
    Publication Date: 2022-08-18
    Description: This is an open access book. In this open access book the NIHR Global Health research group on preterm birth, PRIME, prioritizes the development of prenatal risk assessment guidance for preterm birth. This book is based on global literature, published international, national and regional guidance and it is structured into six chapters providing: an overview of the domains for risk assessment and the summary recommendations in greater depth maternal demographics and past pregnancy histories, accurate pregnancy dating, and the contribution of infection, nutritional status and substance misuse to preterm birth risk. Each chapter has structured sections which include a) background information, b) an evidence statement highlighting the risk factors covered, and c) practical recommendations for evaluating those risks as well as the evidenced recommended and effective interventions for women deemed to be at risk. The chapter ends with clinical and research recommendations regarding factors of unknown or unproven risk (“myth busters”). This open access book will be a very useful guide for all health care professionals involved in delivering pregnancy care.
    Keywords: Pregnancy ; Risk assessment ; Infection ; Substance abuse ; Nutrition ; Obstetrics ; Preterm birth ; SDG3 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJT Gynaecology & obstetrics ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJW Paediatric medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Johns Hopkins University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-07-15
    Description: Outstanding Academic Title, Choice MagazineThe staggering toll of gun violence—which claims 31,000 U.S. lives each year—is an urgent public health issue that demands an effective evidence-based policy response.The Johns Hopkins University convened more than 20 of the world's leading experts on gun violence and policy to summarize relevant research and recommend policies that are both constitutional and have broad public support. Collected for the first time in one volume, this reliable, empirical research and legal analysis will help lawmakers, opinion leaders, and concerned citizens identify policy changes to address mass shootings, along with the less-publicized gun violence that takes an average of 80 lives every day.Selected recommendations include:• Background checks: Establish a universal background check system for all persons purchasing a firearm from any seller. • High-risk individuals: Expand the set of conditions that disqualify an individual from legally purchasing a firearm. • Mental health: Focus federal restrictions on gun purchases by persons with serious mental illness on the dangerousness of the individual.• Trafficking and dealer licensing: Appoint a permanent director to ATF and provide the agency with the authority to develop a range of sanctions for gun dealers who violate gun sales or other laws. • Personalized guns: Provide financial incentives to states to mandate childproof or personalized guns. • Assault weapons and high-capacity magazines: Ban the future sale of assault weapons and the future sale and possession of large-capacity ammunition magazines.• Research funds: Provide adequate federal funds to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes of Health, and National Institute of Justice for research into the causes and solutions of gun violence.The book includes an analysis of the constitutionality of many recommended policies and data from a national public opinion poll that reflects support among the majority of Americans—including gun owners—for stronger gun policies. Amid a growing consensus that the staggering toll of gun violence in the United States is an urgent public health issue, the Johns Hopkins University’s Bloomberg School of Public Health has convened experts on gun policy and violence from the United States and selected other countries to summarize relevant research and its implications for policymakers and concerned citizens. Legal scholars weigh in on the constitutionality of recommended policies, and researchers present new data on public support for a wide array of policies designed to reduce gun violence. Collected for the first time in one volume, this reliable, empirical research and legal analysis will inform the policy debate by helping lawmakers and opinion leaders identify the policy changes that are most likely to reduce gun violence in the United States.Researchers draw on new and existing studies on U.S. gun policies to demonstrate both the weaknesses of current federal gun policies and the efficacy of various state laws designed to reduce firearm availability to high-risk groups. By analyzing scientific and legal data, the contributors provide evidence in support of enhanced regulation and oversight of licensed gun dealers, background checks for private sales, and purchaser licensing. Lessons from bans of assault weapons and of large-capacity magazines for guns are considered, as is the promise of “smart guns,” which could be fired only by authorized users. Compelling case studies from Australia, Scotland, and Brazil demonstrate effective policy responses to gun violence that have led to significant reductions in gun-related deaths. The book concludes with data on public support for strengthening gun laws and Second Amendment considerations.
    Keywords: Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature | Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Publication Date: 2022-07-14
    Description: Der Pflege-Report, der jährlich in Buchform und als Open-Access-Publikation erscheint, rückt im Schwerpunkt 2022 jene Pflegebedürftigen in den Mittelpunkt, die nicht wie im „Normalfall“ aus altersassoziierten Gründen Unterstützungsbedarf aufweisen: Fast ein Fünftel der Pflegebedürftigen ist noch keine 60 Jahre alt. Neben Kindern und Jugendlichen zählen hierzu auch Erwachsene im erwerbsfähigen Alter oder Menschen mit speziellen Grunderkrankungen wie beispielsweise frühen Demenzen, Beatmungspflicht oder Menschen mit Behinderungen. Alle diese Betroffenen fallen letztlich mit ihren spezifischen Bedarfen durch das Raster der „Altenpflege“. Die 16 Fachbeiträge des Pflege-Reports widmen sich ihren konkreten Versorgungs- und weiteren Unterstützungsbedarfen und wie diese gezielt gedeckt werden können: in Bezug auf das geeignete häusliche oder außerhäusliche Pflegesetting sowie hinsichtlich der erforderlichen Qualifizierung und Unterstützung informeller wie professioneller Pflegekräfte.
    Keywords: Pflegebedürftigkeit ; Datenmaterial Pflegebedürftigkeit ; Analysen Pflegebedürftigkeit ; Pflegebedürftigkeit Deutschland ; Lebensqualität ; Pflegeinfrastruktur ; Pflege bei Kindern ; Pflege bei Jugendlichen ; Lebensende ; Palliativversorgung ; Advance Care Planning ; Langzeitbeatmete ; Pflegeberatung ; Psychiatrische häusliche Krankenpflege ; Pflege in der Familie ; Aus- und Weiterbildung in der Pflege ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MQ Nursing & ancillary services::MQC Nursing ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MQ Nursing & ancillary services::MQC Nursing::MQCB Nursing research & theory
    Language: German
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Burn injuries are still one of the most common and devastating injuries in human and the treatment of major burns remains a major challenge for physicians worldwide. Modern burn care involves many components from initial first aid, burn size and burn depth assessment, fluid resuscitation, wound care, excision and grafting/ coverage, infection control and nutritional support. Progress in each of these areas has contributed significantly to the overall enhanced survival of burn victims of the past decades. Most major advances in burn care occurred in the past 50 years, spurred on by wars and great fires. The use of systemic antibiotics and topical antiinfective agents greatly reduced sepsis related mortality. This along with the improvement of new surgical and skin grafting techniques allowed the earlier excision and coverage of deep burns which resulted in greatly improved survival rates and better functional and aesthetic outcome. In this book we look back at how the treatment of burns has evolved over the past decades and hundreds of years. The advancement of burn care has been closely associated with our deeper understanding of its pathophysiology; we have now come to understand the impact that burn injuries have in the multiple fields of current medical science i.e. in metabolism and circulation, electrolyte balance and nutrition, immunology and infection, inflammation, pulmonary function and wound healing.
    Keywords: burn ; care ; antiquity ; phytotherapy ; ancient medicine ; burn therapy ; enzymatic debridement ; bromelain ; NexoBrid™ ; hyperbaric oxygenation ; history ; review ; burn injury ; donor area ; wounds ; polylactide ; lactormone ; oxidative stress reduction ; analgesia ; stabilization ; reduced infection ; fluid management ; resuscitation volume ; transpulmonary thermodilution ; ultrasound ; burn resuscitation ; burn care ; allotransplantation ; skin transplantation ; skin graft ; skin substitute ; immuno-compatible skin grafts ; burn size assessment ; three-dimensional ; estimation accuracy ; medical documentation ; consequences of inaccurate assessment ; skin grafting ; skin substitutes ; burns ; autograft ; dermatome ; mesh ; split-thickness ; xenograft ; CEA ; CSS ; Spray-on-Skin ; ReCell ; burn history ; burn advancement ; burn research ; carbon monoxide ; CO intoxication ; COHb ; inhalation injury ; dressing changes ; epidermal skin substitute ; grafting ; healing time ; infection rate ; partial thickness burns ; porcine xenograft ; resorbable ; suprathel ; synthetic ; workload ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    SciELO Books - Editora FIOCRUZ | SciELO Books - Editora FIOCRUZ
    Publication Date: 2022-04-11
    Description: O termo ‘saúde coletiva’ é uma invenção brasileira que hoje está presente na agenda acadêmica e política de países da América Latina, do Caribe e da África e trata, acima de tudo, de uma forma de abordar as relações entre conhecimentos, práticas e direitos referentes à qualidade de vida. A Abrasco – Associação Brasileira de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva – nasceu em 1979 impregnada por esse sentido de inovação. Na sua carta de identidade, o termo emblemático ‘saúde coletiva’ aparece para romper barreiras e instigar a confluência de conhecimentos e práticas que integram o compromisso com o cuidado da saúde como valor fundamental da condição humana e seu reconhecimento como um direito universal. Este livro comemora a passagem dos seus 25 anos e interessa aos estudiosos e militantes da Reforma Sanitária e àqueles que desejam conhecer um estudo de caso de uma associação profissional que conseguiu manter a integridade acadêmica e torná-la instrumento decisivo de mudança social.
    Keywords: Public health and preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Portuguese
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: The International Agency for Research on Cancer suggests that the burden of women’s cancers including breast, ovarian, and womb will rise by 50% over the next 20 years. It is essential for us to improve early diagnosis and prevention of these cancers in our health systems. The last decade has seen significant strides in our ability to understand and predict a woman’s risk of these cancers and offer personalized medicine approaches for risk management. There have been improvements in identifying individuals at increased risk, as well as implementing and evaluating strategies for screening and prevention. In this special collection, we bring together 16 articles from leading scientists and researchers. These capture some of the important advances observed in estimating cancer risk, providing genetic testing, offering risk management to those at increased risk, as well as screening and prevention of breast, ovarian, and womb cancers in women. This makes an important contribution to the rapidly advancing knowledge base across the area of personalized medicine and precision prevention of ovarian, endometrial, and breast cancers.
    Keywords: breast cancer ; galectins ; galectin-7 ; galectin-8 ; prognostic markers ; tumor infiltrating macrophages ; screening ; mammography ; incidence-based mortality ; population genetic testing ; ovarian cancer risk ; risk stratification ; BRCA1 ; BRCA2 ; RAD51C ; RAD51D ; BRIP1 ; SNP ; risk modelling ; BRCA ; population testing ; cost-effectiveness ; ovarian cancer ; cancer prevention ; CA125 ; HE4 ; UKCTOCS ; MMT ; postmenopausal women ; rare germline variants ; susceptibility genes ; genomics ; questionnaires ; attitudes ; symptoms ; early detection ; risk assessment ; diagnostic prediction model ; triage tool ; ovarian cancer symptoms ; family history ; risk ; genes ; prevention ; dyskerin ; DKC1 ; endometrial cancer ; telomerase ; proliferation ; telomeres ; obesity ; metabolomics ; liquid biopsy ; mass spectrometry ; plasma biomarkers ; artificial intelligence ; ultrasound ; TVS ; trial ; randomised controlled trial ; genomic sequencing ; tumor mutational signatures ; hereditary cancer genes ; mismatch repair ; familial cancer ; menopausal hormone therapy ; breast cancer risk ; BMI ; early BMI ; age of pregnancy ; mammographic density ; body mass index ; weight loss ; breast cancer prevention ; premenopausal ; genetic testing ; germline ; somatic ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature | Springer International Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022-09-22
    Description: This open access book introduces the National Health Insurance (NHI) system of Taiwan with a particular emphasis on its application of digital technology to improve healthcare access and quality. The authors explicate how Taiwan integrates its strong Information and Communications Technology (ICT) industry with 5G to construct an information system that facilitates medical information exchange, collects data for planning and research, refines medical claims review procedures and even assists in fighting COVID-19. Taiwan's NHI, launched in 1995, is a single-payer system funded primarily through payroll-based premiums. It covers all citizens and foreign residents with the same comprehensive benefits without the long waiting times seen in other single-payer systems. Though premium rate adjustment and various reforms were carried out in 2010, the NHI finds itself at a crossroads over its financial stability. With the advancement of technologies and an aging population, it faces challenges of expanding coverage to newly developed treatments and diagnosis methods and applying the latest innovations to deliver telemedicine and more patient-centered services. The NHI, like the national health systems of other countries, also needs to address the privacy concerns of the personal health data it collects and the issues regarding opening this data for research or commercial use. In this book, the 12 chapters cover the history, characteristics, current status, innovations and future reform plans of the NHI in the digital era. Topics explored include: Income Strategy Payment Structure Pursuing Health Equity Infrastructure of the Medical Information System Innovative Applications of the Medical Information Applications of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Digital Health Care in Taiwan is essential reading for academic researchers and students in healthcare administration, health policy, health systems research, and health services delivery, as well as policymakers and public officials in relevant government departments. It also would appeal to academics, practitioners, and other professionals in public health, health sciences, social welfare, and health and biotechnology law.
    Keywords: Taiwan National Health Insurance Administration ; digital health ; big data and AI ; health system ; health care ; medical care ; medical costs ; healthcare costs ; medical payment system ; social insurance ; telemedicine ; eHealth ; universal health coverage ; health equity ; drug reimbursement ; medical device reimbursement ; medical expense claims data ; health policy ; single-payer system ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCQ Health economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UB Information technology: general issues::UBH Health & safety aspects of IT ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues
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    Universidad Santiago de Cali | Control de riesgos ocupacionales en prácticas formativas en salud
    Publication Date: 2022-06-09
    Description: Published
    Description: Se entiende riesgo ocupacional, como la probabilidad de exposición a cualquiera de los factores de riesgo a los que pueden estar expuestos los estudiantes y docentes que deban supervisar, realizar prácticas o actividades como requisito para culminar sus estudios u obtener un título o certificado de técnico laboral por competencias que lo acreditará para el desempeño laboral, en los escenarios donde se realiza la práctica o actividad, capaz de producir una enfermedad o accidente y que son inherentes a su proceso de formación. Entre ellos se encuentran los peligros biológicos, lo que hace que el aseguramiento le permita entregar a los estudiantes y docentes elementos que faciliten prácticas seguras en el desarrollo de su formación profesional, dando cumplimiento a la reglamentación colombiana que al respecto ha sido emitida mediante el Decreto 055 del 2015, el Decreto 1295 de 1994, la Ley 1562 del 2012 y el Decreto 1072 del 2015 (1, 4, 5,6).
    Keywords: Riesgos laborales ; Administración de riesgos ; Valoración ; Salud ocupacional ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Spanish
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: The purpose of this SI is to provide an overview of recent advances made in the methods used for tissue imaging and characterization, which benefit from using a large range of optical wavelengths. Guerouah et al. has contributed a profound study of the responses of the adult human brain to breath-holding challenges based on hyperspectral near-infrared spectroscopy (hNIRS). Lange et al. contributed a timely and comprehensive review of the features and biomedical and clinical applications of supercontinuum laser sources. Blaney et al. reported the development of a calibration-free hNIRS system that can measure the absolute and broadband absorption and scattering spectra of turbid media. Slooter et al. studied the utility of measuring multiple tissue parameters simultaneously using four optical techniques operating at different wavelengths of light—optical coherence tomography (1300 nm), sidestream darkfield microscopy (530 nm), laser speckle contrast imaging (785 nm), and fluorescence angiography (~800 nm)—in the gastric conduit during esophagectomy. Caredda et al. showed the feasibility of accurately quantifying the oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin and cytochrome-c-oxidase responses to neuronal activation and obtaining spatial maps of these responses using a setup consisting of a white light source and a hyperspectral or standard RGB camera. It is interest for the developers and potential users of clinical brain and tissue optical monitors, and for researchers studying brain physiology and functional brain activity.
    Keywords: hemodynamic brain mapping ; metabolic brain mapping ; Monte Carlo simulations ; intraoperative imaging ; optical imaging ; hyperspectral imaging ; RGB imaging ; fluorescence imaging ; fluorescence angiography ; indocyanine green (ICG) ; optical coherence tomography (OCT) ; laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) ; esophagectomy ; gastric conduit ; Sidestream Darkfield Microscopy (SDF) ; multispectral ; broadband diffuse reflectance spectroscopy ; frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy ; dual-slope ; absorption spectra ; supercontinuum laser ; NIRS ; tissue optics ; diffuse optics ; near-infrared spectroscopy ; brain ; BOLD signal ; breath-holding ; cytochrome C oxidase ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Johns Hopkins University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-07-15
    Description: How can we all work together to eliminate the avoidable injustices that plague our health care system and society?Health is determined by far more than a person's choices and behaviors. Social and political conditions, economic forces, physical environments, institutional policies, health care system features, social relationships, risk behaviors, and genetic predispositions all contribute to physical and mental well-being. In America and around the world, many of these factors are derived from a lingering history of unequal opportunities and unjust treatment for people of color and other vulnerable communities. But they aren't the only ones who suffer because of these disparities—everyone is impacted by the factors that degrade health for the least advantaged among us.In Why Are Health Disparities Everyone's Problem? Dr. Lisa Cooper shows how we can work together to eliminate the injustices that plague our health care system and society. The book follows Cooper's journey from her childhood in Liberia, West Africa, to her thirty-year career working first as a clinician and then as a health equity researcher at Johns Hopkins University. Drawing on her experiences, it explores how differences in communication and the quality of relationships affect health outcomes. Through her work as the founder and director of the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Equity, it details the actions and policies needed to reduce and eliminate the conditions that are harming us all. Cooper reveals with compelling detail how health disparities are crippling our health care system and society, driving up health care costs, leading to adverse health outcomes and ultimately an enormous burden of human suffering. Why Are Health Disparities Everyone's Problem? demonstrates the ways in which everyone's health is interconnected, both within communities and across the globe. Cooper calls for a new kind of herd immunity, when a sufficiently high proportion of people, across race and social class, become immune to harmful social conditions through "vaccination" with solidarity among groups and opportunities created by institutional and societal practices and policies. By acknowledging and acting upon that interconnectedness, she believes everyone can help to create a healthier world.Features• Raises readers' health care inequities literacy through an approachable narrative with specific examples• Introduces the concept of "herd immunity" as it applies to building communal awareness of systemic injustices• Features sections that underscore key takeaways• Includes contributions from the world's leading minds through their research findings and quotations• Guides readers on what can be done at an individual level as a patient, public health professional, and community member • Includes inspiring stories of effective health equity studies and practices around the world, from Ghana's ADHINCRA Project addressing hypertension control to Baltimore's BRIDGE Study for depression in African Americans and the Maryland and Pennsylvania–based RICH LIFE Project for hypertension, diabetes, and other medical conditionsJohns Hopkins WavelengthsIn classrooms, field stations, and laboratories in Baltimore and around the world, the Bloomberg Distinguished Professors of Johns Hopkins University are opening the boundaries of our understanding of many of the world's most complex challenges. The Johns Hopkins Wavelengths book series brings readers inside their stories, illustrating how their pioneering discoveries benefit people in their neighborhoods and across the globe in artificial intelligence, cancer research, food systems' environmental impacts, health equity, science diplomacy, and other critical arenas of study. Through these compelling narratives, their insights will spark conversations from dorm rooms to dining rooms to boardrooms.
    Keywords: Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: Lipids represent the major players in marine organisms as the major constituents of biological membranes, with key roles in biological processes and acclimation to environmental changes. New research trends aim to contribute to improving knowledge on the role lipids in the biological matrix, understanding the impact of climate change in marine organisms, and developing new tools for chemophenotyping, traceability, and biomarkers of trophic chains in marine ecosystems, such that the nutritional value or prospective bioactive compounds can be disclosed for health applications. “Lipids in the Ocean 2021” (http://lipids2021.web.ua.pt) was originally planned to be held at the University of Aveiro and ran from 5 to 7 July 2021 (and was ultimately an online conference due to uncertainties regarding the COVID-19 situation). The aim was to go in deep into research interests covering topics related to lipids from marine organisms, such as marine lipidomics, lipids as biomarkers in trophic webs, green lipids from the ocean (seaweeds, microalgae, and macrophytes), marine lipid biotechnology, and seafood traceability using lipids—from basic research to sustainable production and applications in the food, nutraceutics, feed, cosmetics, and pharma industries. This Special Issue welcomed not only attendees of “Lipids in the Ocean 2021” to publish their latest research outcomes but also all researchers in relevant fields to share their exciting works with the community.
    Keywords: fatty acids ; fungal endophytes ; laminariales ; Paradendryphiella salina ; brown adipose tissue ; browning ; energy expenditure ; n-3 fatty acid ; uncoupling protein ; white adipose tissue ; krill oil ; omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ; bioavailability ; nutraceuticals ; dietary supplements ; dietary resource ; Mytilus galloprovincialis ; Crassostrea gigas ; diatom ; competition ; biofouling ; EPA ; DHA ; aquafeeds ; n-3/n-6 ratio ; n-3 PUFA ; IMTA ; powdered fish oil ; docosahexaenoic acid ; chitosan nanoparticles ; encapsulation efficiency ; loading capacity ; TGA ; FTIR ; oxidative stability ; algae ; bioactivity ; glycolipids ; lipidomics ; macroalgae ; phospholipids ; seaweeds ; long-chain PUFA synthesis ; desaturases ; elongases ; PKS pathway ; 20:5n-3 (EPA) ; 22:6n-3 (DHA) ; Tisochrysis lutea ; 13C artificial enrichment ; Crypthecodinium cohnii ; omega-3 fatty acid ; biomass recycling ; dinoflagellate extract ; FTIR spectroscopy ; Krebs cycle ; central metabolism ; kinetic model ; constraint-based model ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: Chronic diseases account for a considerable part of the strain on health care systems and are burdensome for each affected individual and their families. In recent years, the concept of health literacy has been substantially elaborated on, particularly regarding the development and implementation of interventions at different levels, efforts to improve its measurement, and the role of communities and organizations. While a range of advancements are uncontested, specific challenges still revolve around, for example, a thorough application of modern practices of health literacy that focus on societal support of health literacy strengths and response to health literacy challenges; developing, testing, and evaluating strategies for organizational health literacy responsiveness; and improving the co-design, local ownership, and integration of health literacy actions and interventions in communities experiencing vulnerability and disadvantage. This Special Issue showcases research addressing these and further aspects about developing health literacy - particularly among people with chronic diseases - by which we mean advancements in health practices, organizations, and policies that create enabling environments in which people have the necessary knowledge and feel confident accessing, understanding, and using health information and services.
    Keywords: health literacy ; fishermen ; co-design ; Borollos lake ; health literacy questionnaire (HLQ) ; health inequality ; Ophelia (optimising health literacy and access) process ; eHealth literacy ; chronic pain ; self-efficacy ; psychological function ; health literacy-sensitive communication ; patient–professional relationship ; HL-COM ; information needs ; patient survey ; health information sources ; focus groups ; people with chronic illness ; HLS-GER 2 ; Germany ; cardiac rehabilitation ; heart attack ; empowerment ; health literacy development ; health literacy measurement ; non-native English users ; Nepal ; Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing ; university students ; validation study ; HCP ; rehabilitants ; agreement ; HLQ ; intraclass correlation (ICC) ; physicians ; physiotherapists ; social workers ; nurses ; orthopedic ; allergy prevention ; health professionals ; qualitative methods ; midwives ; inequality ; intervention development ; health literacy responsiveness ; organizational health literacy ; pregnancy ; health promotion ; decision making ; values ; implant care ; ethical aspects ; health-literacy development ; cochlear implants ; glaucoma implants ; cardiovascular implants ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    Universidad Santiago de Cali | Control de riesgos ocupacionales en prácticas formativas en salud
    Publication Date: 2022-06-09
    Description: Published
    Description: Decreto 055 del 2015, por la cual se reglamenta la afiliación de estudiantes en prácticas al Sistema General de Riesgos Laborales, establece las reglas de afiliación y aportes al Sistema General de Riesgos Laborales de estudiantes que cumplen con el “numeral 4 del artículo 13 del Decreto-Ley 1295 de 1994, modificado por el artículo 2° de la Ley 1562 de 2012, determina como afiliados obligatorios al Sistema General de Riesgos Laborales, a los estudiantes de todos los niveles académicos de instituciones educativas públicas o privadas: i) que deban ejecutar trabajos que signifiquen fuente de ingreso para la respectiva institución e involucren un riesgo ocupacional, o ii) cuyo entrenamiento o actividad formativa sea requisito para la culminación de sus estudios e involucren un riesgo ocupacional” (1,4,6)
    Keywords: Riesgos laborales ; Administración de riesgos ; Valoración ; Salud ocupacional ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Spanish
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    SciELO Books - Série Informação para ação na Covid-19 | Fiocruz | SciELO Books - Série Informação para ação na Covid-19 | Fiocruz
    Publication Date: 2022-04-11
    Description: Uma crise multidimensional, cujas consequências para a saúde das populações a médio e longo prazos são potencializadas pelas desigualdades e pelas situações de alta vulnerabilidade social. É dessa forma que três pesquisadores da Fiocruz, organizadores do e-book, classificam uma pandemia, com foco especial na emergência da Covid-19. A coletânea apresenta estudos de casos de nove países de três regiões do mundo. Da Ásia foram incluídas a China e a Coreia do Sul. Da Europa, foram analisados os casos de Alemanha, Espanha e Reino Unido. Na região das Américas, quatro países foram estudados: Argentina, Brasil, Canadá e México. Foram pesquisadas as políticas de enfrentamento da doença em cada uma dessas nações, considerando seus contextos e características prévias de seus sistemas e coberturas de saúde, além das estratégias adotadas no âmbito da atenção e da vigilância. Este é o quinto e último livro da série "Informação para Ação na Covid-19", que tem como objetivo reunir o conjunto de respostas, pesquisas e ações técnicas produzidas pela Fiocruz durante a pandemia. Com apoio da rede SciELO Livros, a iniciativa disponibiliza as obras exclusivamente em formato digital e acesso aberto.
    Keywords: Public health and preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Portuguese
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Melanoma is a very aggressive tumor which is derived from the transformation of pigment-producing cells termed the melanocytes. This cancer type accounts for most of the deaths associated with skin cancer as well as its incidence and is in constant evolution. Because of the rapid and very high metastatic potential of this tumor, melanoma prognosis has been quite poor for a long time. In the past decade, groundbreaking discoveries in the melanoma research field have led to the development of two main treatment strategies: combination therapies targeting specific kinases or combination therapies focused on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). These treatment approaches have become the standard of care in most cancer centers and significantly improved the prognosis and overall survival of advanced melanoma patients. Nevertheless, many patients do not benefit from or even respond to these treatments. It is therefore essential to better comprehend the phenomenon of drug resistance, immune escape mechanisms, as well as to search for alternative treatment strategies. In addition, strong predictive biomarkers are desperately needed to improve clinical efficacy. The aim of this Special Issue is to present recent advances in the field of melanoma research, in which the abovementioned areas represent the primary focus, and other relevant themes are also discussed.
    Keywords: melanoma ; targeted therapies ; BRAF ; druggable mutations ; real-time PCR ; NGS assay ; immune escape ; microRNA ; transporter associated with antigen processing ; incidence ; population-based study ; epidemiology ; Spain ; skin cancer ; single-cell transcriptome sequencing ; treatment response ; pseudotime analysis ; treatment ; ubiquitination ; miRNAs ; embryogenesis ; melanoblasts ; melanoblast ; NF1 ; transcriptome ; RNAseq ; Trp-1 ; metastasis ; animal models ; lung ; mice ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Pesticides are used worldwide, and despite the fact that organic farming is increasing, they are still widely applied in different countries with pesticide regulations and monitoring programs. This Special Issue will cover the topic of the presence of pesticide residues in food, paying special attention to the use of modern analytical techniques based on chromatographic techniques coupled to mass spectrometry. Generic extraction methods are needed to allow the detection of pesticides with different physic-chemical properties, as well as different families of contaminants can be extracted simultaneously. Nevertheless, pluriresidue methods are still necessary for “orphan” compounds that cannot be included in multiresidue methods. Thus, in addition to targeted pesticides, the scope of this analysis can be increased and nowadays, metabolites are also detected, evaluating the degradation of pesticide residues in different food matrices.
    Keywords: dispersive solid-liquid extraction ; sulfonylurea herbicides ; QuEChERS ; strawberry ; cleanup ; OCPs ; PCBs ; smoked pork meat products ; pancetta ; pork neck ; pork tenderloin ; sausage ; traditional and industrial smoking ; high polar pesticides ; UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS ; QuPPe ; pluri-residue analysis ; pesticide residues ; low-residue production ; zero-residue production ; half-lives ; pre-harvest interval ; lettuce ; onion ; leek ; carrot ; parsley ; phytohormones ; acidic herbicides ; fruits and vegetables ; multifamily method ; UHPLC–MS/MS ; residues in food ; pesticides ; LC-MS/MS ; GC-MS/MS ; honey ; persistent organic pollutants (POPs) ; glyphosate ; AMPA ; organic honey ; IC-HRMS ; food safety ; tea ; pyrethroid pesticide metabolite ; ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry ; modified QuEChERS ; herbicide residues ; non-residual production ; low-residual production ; pesticide degradation in vegetables ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    Springer Nature | Springer International Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022-09-22
    Description: This open access book focuses on the public health crisis of youth suicide and provides a review of current research and prevention practices. It addresses important topics, including suicide epidemiology, suicide risk detection in school and medical settings, critical cultural considerations, and approaches to lethal means safety. This book offers cutting-edge research on emerging discoveries in the neurobiology of suicide, psychopharmacology, and machine learning. It focuses on upstream suicide prevention research methods and details how cost-effective approaches can mitigate youth suicide risk when implemented at a universal level. Chapters discuss critical areas for future research, including how to evaluate the effectiveness of suicide prevention and intervention efforts, increase access to mental health care, and overcome systemic barriers that undermine generalizability of prevention strategies. Finally, this book highlights what is currently working well in youth suicide prevention and, just as important, which areas require more attention and support. Key topics include: The neurobiology of suicide in at-risk children and adolescents. The role of machine learning in youth suicide prevention. Suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention in schools. Suicide risk screening and assessment in medical settings. Culturally informed risk assessment and suicide prevention efforts with minority youth. School mental health partnerships and telehealth models of care in rural communities. Suicide and self-harm prevention and interventions for LGBTQ+ youth. Risk factors associated with suicidal behavior in Black youth. Preventing suicide in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID). Youth Suicide Prevention and Intervention is a must-have resource for policy makers and related professionals, graduate students, and researchers in child and school psychology, family studies, public health, social work, law/criminal justice, sociology, and all related disciplines.
    Keywords: Autism, intellectual disability, youth suicide risk ; Cultural considerations, youth suicide assessment ; Demographics, risk factors, youth suicide ; Depression, suicidal ideation in adolescents ; Ethnic, gender, sexual minority youth and suicide risk ; Hospital-school-community partnerships, youth suicide ; LGBTQ+ youth and suicide prevention ; Machine learning, youth suicide prevention ; Medical settings, primary care, youth suicide ; Minority youth, discrimination, trauma, suicide risk ; Neurobiology, suicide, children and adolescents ; Pharmacology, suicide interventions, youth ; Protective factors, youth, suicide prevention ; Rural communities, youth suicide ; School mental health, youth suicide risk ; School-based suicide prevention programs ; Suicidal behavior, youth, epidemiology ; Suicide bereavement, social networks, adolescence ; Youth suicide prevention and intervention ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology::JMC Child & developmental psychology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPQ Central government::JPQB Central government policies ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMH Psychiatry ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMJ Clinical psychology
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    Publication Date: 2022-04-11
    Description: O objetivo principal das notificações de incidentes em saúde não é culpabilizar os recursos humanos envolvidos nos erros. Sua função primordial visa ao aprendizado, ou seja, conhecer as fragilidades dos processos e, por conseguinte, desempenhar ações de gerenciamento e mitigação de riscos. Tem, sobretudo, a finalidade de prevenir agravos à condição clínica dos usuários, por causa da caracterização e, até mesmo, dos quase-erros ou near misses. Este livro apresenta uma proposta de educação continuada para programas que visem à implementação da cultura de segurança de pacientes em serviços de saúde, com o intuito de promover habilidades e competências em notificações espontâneas de incidentes em saúde. Trata-se de uma bibliografia complementar, com abordagem multidisciplinar para os cursos de graduação e pós-graduação da área de Farmácia, Enfermagem, Medicina, entre outras especialidades. Um dos objetivos deste livro é contribuir com os programas de educação continuada dos serviços em saúde, em todos os níveis de atenção e complexidade. Autoras: Celsa Raquel Villaverde Melgarejo, Patricia de Carvalho Mastroianni, Fabiana Rossi Varallo.
    Keywords: Public health and preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Portuguese
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    Springer Nature | Springer International Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022-01-15
    Description: This open access book is a thorough update and expansion of the 2017 edition of The Handbook of Salutogenesis, responding to the rapidly growing salutogenesis research and application arena. Revised and updated from the first edition are background and historical chapters that trace the development of the salutogenic model of health and flesh out the central concepts, most notably generalized resistance resources and the sense of coherence that differentiate salutogenesis from pathogenesis. From there, experts describe a range of real-world applications within and outside health contexts. Many new chapters emphasize intervention research findings. Readers will find numerous practical examples of how to implement salutogenesis to enhance the health and well-being of families, infants and young children, adolescents, unemployed young people, pre-retirement adults, and older people. A dedicated section addresses how salutogenesis helps tackle vulnerability, with chapters on at-risk children, migrants, prisoners, emergency workers, and disaster-stricken communities. Wide-ranging coverage includes new topics beyond health, like intergroup conflict, politics and policy-making, and architecture. The book also focuses on applying salutogenesis in birth and neonatal care clinics, hospitals and primary care, schools and universities, workplaces, and towns and cities. A special section focuses on developments in salutogenesis methods and theory. With its comprehensive coverage, The Handbook of Salutogenesis, 2nd Edition, is the standard reference for researchers, practitioners, and health policy-makers who wish to have a thorough grounding in the topic. It is also written to support post-graduate education courses and self-study in public health, nursing, psychology, medicine, and social sciences.
    Keywords: salutogenic model of health ; salutogenesis beyond health ; sense of coherence in the life course ; community-based health promotion ; salutogenesis theory, research, practice, and policy ; salutogenesis methods ; health-promoting organizations ; health-promoting environments ; sense of coherence and aging ; sense of coherence and health ; culture and salutogenesis ; generalized resistance resources ; application of salutogenesis to health care ; challenging social circumstances and environments ; medical sociology ; health and well-being ; Aaron Antonovsky ; Society for Theory and Research on Salutogenesis ; salutogenesis vs. pathogenesis ; open access ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBS Medical sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine::MBNH Personal & public health::MBNH9 Health psychology
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: This book—entitled “Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Gynecologic Cancer”—was edited as a Special Issue of Biomedicines, focusing on basic research such as genomics, epigenomics, and proteomics, as well as clinical research in the field of gynecologic oncology. The number of patients with gynecological cancer has been increasing worldwide due to its high lethality and lack of early detection tools and effective therapeutic interventions. In this regard, basic research on its pathophysiology and novel molecular targeting intervention is required to improve the prognosis of gynecologic cancer. This book contains 13 papers, including 8 original research papers and 5 reviews focusing on the basic research of gynecologic oncology. The reader can learn about state-of-the-art research and obtain extensive knowledge of the current advances in the field of gynecologic oncology. It is my hope that this book contributes towards the progress of gynecologic oncology.
    Keywords: nucleus accumbens-associated protein 1 (NAC1) ; BEN (BANP, E5R and NAC1) domain ; sequence-specific DNA-binding protein ; solution NMR structure ; isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) ; human cytomegalovirus ; ovarian cancer ; cancer progression ; inflammation ; immunosuppression ; endometrial carcinoma ; immune micro-environment ; immune checkpoints inhibitors ; microsatellite instability ; mismatch repair deficiency ; platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH ; PLA2G7) ; BRCA1 mutant ovarian cancer ; Wnt signaling ; pGSK3β ; β-catenin ; prognosis ; vulvar melanoma ; vaginal melanoma ; targeted therapy ; gynecological cancer ; melanoma treatment ; gene ontology ; epithelial ovarian cancers ; borderline ovarian tumors ; differentially expressed genes ; aryl hydrocarbon receptor ; epithelial–mesenchymal transition ; integrative analysis ; testin ; p16 protein ; cervical cancer ; cervical neoplasia ; immunohistochemistry ; chimeric antigen receptor ; CD44 ; adoptive immunotherapy ; NK cells ; epithelial ovarian cancer ; DNA damage response ; somatic mutation ; clear cell carcinoma ; endometrioid endometrial cancer ; DNA mismatch repair (MMR) ; MMR deficient (dMMR) ; long-term survival ; exosome ; miRNA ; biomarkers ; liquid biopsy ; interventional radiotherapy ; vaginal-cuff brachytherapy ; HDR brachytherapy ; in vivo dosimetry ; endometrial cancer ; biological planning ; drug repurposing ; non-coding RNAs ; nanocarriers ; anti-angiogenic therapy ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Universidad Santiago de Cali | Control de riesgos ocupacionales en prácticas formativas en salud
    Publication Date: 2022-06-09
    Description: Published
    Description: El futuro profesional de Psicología debe adquirir competencias con una sólida formación humanística, cognitivas, investigativas, comunicativas y sociales de la relación psicólogo-paciente. Debe tener capacidades para la intervención psicológica a nivel individual, grupal y el trabajo inter y transdisciplinar; con actitud crítica, con liderazgo, autonomía y autorregulación; proyectado a la persona, la familia y la sociedad, para reconocer, interpretar e intervenir, de manera individual, interprofesional e interdisciplinar, los determinantes sociales de la salud (23,24).
    Keywords: Riesgos laborales ; Administración de riesgos ; Valoración ; Salud ocupacional ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: Spanish
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: Economic crises, such as the economic crisis of 2008, are related to several issues, including decreases in disposable income and increases in unemployment. At the individual level, decreasing disposable income, unemployment, and loss of insurance coverage have detrimental effects on the ability to seek affordable, quality, and accessible healthcare. At the population level, they have adverse effects on physical and psychological health and on overall well-being. From a healthcare services perspective, economic crises challenge the ability to provide quality, affordable healthcare services that meet the needs and expectations of the population. In the same vein, the economic consequences of the COVID-19 crisis include decreases in income, increases in unemployment, financial uncertainty, declines in living conditions, and pressures exerted on healthcare systems. On the other hand, several non-COVID-19 health-related effects are tied to the pandemic. In this sense, this book attempts to highlight the influences of economic crises on individuals, the world economy, and healthcare. Although the range of challenges attributed to economic crises is quite broad, the collection of articles in this book investigates topics that focus on the global economic crisis of 2008 as well as the one induced by the COVID-19 pandemic. In an environment of negative economic development, these kinds of issues should be highlighted, and potential solutions should be investigated.
    Keywords: healthcare affordability ; economic crisis ; ability to make ends meet ; capacity to cope with unexpected financial expenses ; geographic characteristics ; socioeconomic characteristics ; epidemiologic characteristics ; demand-side barriers ; supply-side barriers ; pharmaceutical company ; business diversification ; medical device ; technical efficiency ; meta-frontier analysis ; model of competencies ; competency ; middle nurse manager ; nurse manager ; logistic level ; health policy ; healthcare services ; Hospital efficiency ; coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic ; lockdown ; uncertainty ; age ; income loss ; job loss ; social class ; health literacy ; concern for health ; Chinese healthcare system ; sustainable development goals (SDGs) ; performance ; evaluation ; SARS-CoV-19 ; pandemic ; crisis management ; GDP ; gross domestic product ; multi-segment Theil–Sen ; European administrative capacity ; econometric model ; European regional development ; COVID-19 ; population migration ; health expenditure ; maternal mortality ; sanitation ; clean technologies ; South Asian countries ; job insecurity ; unethical organizational behavior ; job embeddedness ; turnover intention ; tourism industry ; Improved Community Health Fund (iCHF) ; Ubungo municipality ; healthcare providers ; community health ; health insurance ; unethical organizational behaviors ; family financial pressure ; family motivation ; COVID-19 pandemic ; tourism ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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