ALBERT

Note: Contents: Introduction ; Descriptive Models ; Carbon Balance ; Tree Structure ; Combining the Carbon Balance and Structure into a Core Model ; Competition ; Tree Structure Revisited: Eco-Evolutionary Models ; Predicting Stand Growth: Parameters, Drivers, and Modular Inputs ; Calibration ; Applications and Future Outlook

Note: Part I. The Long View: The case for longtermism -- You can shape the course of history -- Part II. Trajectory Changes: Moral change -- Value lock-in -- Part III. Safeguarding Civilisation: Extinction -- Collapse -- Stagnation -- Part IV. Assessing the End of the World: Is it good to make happy people? -- Will the future be good or bad? -- Part V. Taking Action: What to do

Note: Contents: 1. How this book came about, what it is, and what it is not ; 2. Defining the challenge ; 3. Science and society ; 4. Transdisciplinary pro and contra ; 5. The importance of a long-term perspective ; 6. Looking forward into the future ; 7. The complex (adaptive) systems approach ; 8. Human socio-environmental coevolution ; 9. Social systems as dissipative flow structures ; 10. Solutions always cause problems ; 11. Transitions in the organization of societies ; 12. Novelty, invention, change ; 13. The invention process and its implications for societal information processing ; 14. Modeling socio-environmental transitions ; 15. Rise of the West as a global flow structure ; 16. Are we reaching a global societal tipping point? ; 17. Not an ordinary tipping point ; 18. Our fragmenting world ; 19. Is there a way out? ; 20. Green growth ; 21. Conclusion.

Note: Contents: 1 Introduction ; I Continuous predictors ; 2 Continuous predictors: Linear ; 3 Continuous predictors: Polynomials ; 4 Continuous predictors: Piecewise models ; 5 Continuous by continuous interactions ; 6 Continuous by continuous by continuous interactions ; II Categorical predictors ; 7 Categorical predictors ; 8 Categorical by categorical interactions ; 9 Categorical by categorical by categorical interactions ; III Continuous and categorical predictors ; 10 Linear by categorical interactions ; 11 Polynomial by categorical interactions ; 12 Piecewise by categorical interactions ; 13 Continuous by continuous by categorical interactions ; 14 Continuous by categorical by categorical interactions ; IV Beyond ordinary linear regression ; 15 Multilevel models ; 16 Time as a continuous predictor ; 17 Time as a categorical predictor ; 18 Nonlinear models ; 19 Complex survey data ; V Appendices ; A Customizing output from estimation commands ; B The margins command ; C The marginsplot command ; D The contrast command ; E The pwcompare command ; References

Note: Part 1: Recycling in context Chapter 1: Introduction Abstract 1.1: The Challenges 1.2: The Role of Materials in Society 1.3: From Linear to Circular Economy 1.4: Recycling in the Circular Economy 1.5: The Book References Chapter 2: The fundamental limits of circularity quantified by digital twinning Abstract 2.1: Introduction 2.2: A Product and Material Focus on Recycling Within the CE 2.3: Digital Twinning of the CE System: Understanding the Opportunities and Limits 2.4: Opportunities and Challenges References Chapter 3: Maps of the physical economy to inform sustainability strategies Abstract Acknowledgments 3.1: Introduction 3.2: Dimensions of MFA 3.3: Components for Monitoring the Physical Economy 3.4: Application of the Framework: Maps of the Aluminum Cycle 3.5: Recommendations References Chapter 4: Material efficiency—Squaring the circular economy: Recycling within a hierarchy of material management strategies Abstract 4.1: Is a Circular Economy Possible or Desirable? 4.2: Hierarchies of Material Conservation 4.3: When Is Recycling Not the Answer? 4.4: Discussion References Chapter 5: Material and product-centric recycling: design for recycling rules and digital methods Abstract Acknowledgements 5.1: Introduction 5.2: Recyclability Index and Ecolabeling of Products 5.3: DfR Rules and Guidelines 5.4: Product-Centric Recycling 5.5: Examples of Recycling System Simulation 5.6: Summary 5.7: Future Challenges References Additional Reading Chapter 6: Developments in collection of municipal waste Abstract 6.1: Introduction 6.2: Definitions and Models 6.3: A Global Picture of SWM 6.4: Collection and Recovery Systems 6.5: Future Developments 6.6: Conclusion and Outlook References Chapter 7: The path to inclusive recycling: Developing countries and the informal sector Abstract 7.1: Introduction 7.2: Definition and Links With the Formal Sector 7.3: Informal Waste Tire Recycling: Challenges and Opportunities 7.4: Approaches Towards Inclusive Recycling 7.5: Policies and Standardization Developments for Inclusive Recycling 7.6: Conclusion and Outlook References Part 2: Recycling from a product perspective Chapter 8: Physical separation Abstract 8.1: Introduction 8.2: Properties and Property Spaces 8.3: Breakage 8.4: Particle Size Classification 8.5: Gravity Separation 8.6: Flotation 8.7: Magnetic Separation 8.8: Eddy Current Separation 8.9: Electrostatic Separation 8.10: Sorting 8.11: Conclusion References Chapter 9: Sensor-based sorting Abstract 9.1: Mechanical Treatment of Waste 9.2: Principle of Sensor-Based Sorting 9.3: Requirements for Optimal Sorting Results 9.4: Available Sensors 9.5: Application of Different Sensors in Recycling 9.6: Recent Developments 9.7: Outlook References Chapter 10: Mixed bulky waste Abstract 10.1: Introduction 10.2: The Circular Process for Mixed Bulky Waste 10.3: Conditions for Economically Viable Sorting 10.4: Sorting of Mixed Bulky Waste 10.5: Sorting Process 10.6: Recycling Efficiency 10.7: Conclusion and Outlook Reference Chapter 11: Packaging Abstract 11.1: Introduction 11.2: Packaging Waste 11.3: Composition 11.4: Recovery and Recycling 11.5: Collection and Recovery Schemes 11.6: Conclusion and Outlook References Chapter 12: End-of-life vehicles Abstract 12.1: Introduction 12.2: Vehicle Composition 12.3: Recycling Chain 12.4: Recycling of Automotive parts 12.5: Recycling of Automotive Fluids 12.6: Automotive Shredder Residue 12.7: Future Developments and Outlook 12.8: Conclusions References Further Reading Chapter 13: Electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) Abstract 13.1: Introduction 13.2: Waste Characterization 13.3: Recycling Chain and Technologies 13.4: Future Developments 13.5: Conclusions References Chapter 14: Photovoltaic and wind energy equipment Abstract 14.1: Introduction 14.2: Wind Turbines 14.3: Photovoltaic Modules 14.4: Wind Turbine Recycling 14.5: PV Recycling 14.6: Future Developments 14.7: Key Issues and Challenges 14.8: Conclusions and Outlook References Chapter 15: Buildings Abstract 15.1: The Why: Buildings and Circularity 15.2: The How and Who: A Framework 15.3: The When: Shearing Layers 15.4: The What: Materials in Buildings 15.5: Improving Data on Materials 15.6: The How, Who, When, and What 15.7: Outlook References Chapter 16: Construction and demolition waste Abstract Acknowledgments 16.1: Introduction 16.2: C&D Waste Use 16.3: Recycling 16.4: Recycling Technologies and Practice 16.5: Future Developments 16.6: Conclusion and Outlook References Chapter 17: Industrial by-products Abstract 17.1: Waste, By-product, or Product? 17.2: Major By-products 17.3: Where and How to Use By-products 17.4: Technical and Environmental Requirements 17.5: Sustainability Aspects 17.6: Conclusions, Challenges, and Outlook References Chapter 18: Mine tailings Abstract 18.1: Introduction 18.2: Future Opportunities for Tailings Management 18.3: Main Drivers for Change 18.4: Emerging Technologies 18.5: Conclusions and Outlook References Further Reading Part 3: Recycling from a material perspective Chapter 19: Steel Abstract 19.1: Introduction 19.2: Use Phase and Recycling Examples 19.3: Classification of Steel Scrap 19.4: Requirements for Scrap 19.5: Treatment Process 19.6: Steel Scrap Smelting Process 19.7: Steel 19.8: Alloy or Tramp Elements? 19.9: Purification of Scrap 19.10: Outlook References Further Reading Chapter 20: Aluminum Abstract 20.1: Introduction 20.2: Alloys and Their Recycling 20.3: Melt Loss 20.4: Used Beverage Can (UBC) Recycling 20.5: Wheel Recycling 20.6: Dross Processing 20.7: Purification and Refining 20.8: Future Trends and Challenges References Chapter 21: Copper Abstract 21.1: Sources of Copper Scrap 21.2: Smelting and Refining of Copper Scrap 21.3: Conclusions and Outlook References Further Reading Chapter 22: Lead Abstract 22.1: Introduction 22.2: Material Use 22.3: The Lead-Acid Battery 22.4: Recycling Technologies 22.5: Future Developments 22.6: Key Issues and Challenges References Chapter 23: Zinc Abstract 23.1: Introduction 23.2: Recycling Technologies 23.3: Key Issues and Challenges References Chapter 24: Ferroalloy elements Abstract 24.1: Introduction 24.2: Use and Recycling 24.3: Recycling of Residues 24.4: Conclusion References Chapter 25: Precious and technology metals Abstract 25.1: Introduction 25.2: Applications 25.3: Scrap Types and Quantities 25.4: Recycling Technologies 25.5: Future Challenges 25.6: Conclusions and Outlook Further reading References Chapter 26: Concrete and aggregates Abstract Acknowledgment 26.1: Introduction 26.2: Waste Flows 26.3: Recovery Rates 26.4: Recycled Aggregate Concrete Applications 26.5: Concrete Recycling Technologies 26.6: Future Developments 26.7: Conclusion References Chapter 27: Cementitious binders incorporating residues Abstract 27.1: Introduction 27.2: Clinker Production: Process, and Alternative Fuels and Raw Materials 27.3: From Clinker to Cement: Residues in Blended Cements 27.4: Alternative Cements With Lower Environmental Footprint 27.5: Conclusions and Outlook References Chapter 28: Glass Abstract 28.1: Introduction 28.2: Types of Glass 28.3: Manufacturing 28.4: Recovery for Reuse and Recycling 28.5: Reuse 28.6: Closed-Loop Recycling 28.7: Open-Loop Recycling 28.8: Conclusion and Outlook References Chapter 29: Lumber Abstract 29.1: Introduction 29.2: Wood Material Uses 29.3: Postuse Wood Recovery for Recycling 29.4: Postuse Wood Recycling 29.5: Case Study Scenarios 29.6: Future Developments 29.7: Concluding Remarks References Chapter 30: Paper Abstract 30.1: Introduction 30.2: Collection and Utilization 30.3: Collection and Sorting Systems 30.4: Stock Preparation 30.5: Key Issues and Future Challenges References Further Reading Chapter 31: Plastic recycling Abstract 31.1: Introduction 31.2: Use 31.3: Recycling 31.4: Mechanical Recycling 31.5: Chemical Recycling 31.6: Impact of Recycling 31.7: Conclusions and Outlook References Further Reading Chapter 32: Black rubber products Abstract 32.1: Introduction 32.2: Mechanical Rubber Go

Note: Long problems -- Why long problems are hard to govern -- Forward action : addressing the early action paradox -- The long view : addressing shadow interests -- Endurance and adaptability : addressing institutional lag -- Studying long problems -- Governing time.

Note: Contents: I. Revolution:Es geschieht jetzt ; Die digitalisierte Gesellschaft ; Vernetzte Nachhaltigkei toder nicht - nachhaltige Vernetzung? ; Digitalisierung und Ressourcengerechtigkeit ; Von der Nische in den Mainstream ; II. Disruption: Alles wird anders. Und besser? ; Digitalisierung als „gamechanger"? ; Digitale Havarien ; Digitalisierung und Nachhaltigkeit ; Digital in den Stau? ; Auswirkungen des digitalen Wandels auf Umwelt und Klimaschutz ; Smart Farming ; Sekundärrohstoffe für die Digitalisierung ; Metalle ; Digitalisierung: Fluch oder Segen für die Umweltbewegungen? ; III. Vision: Vom Nutzen und Steuern der Digitalisierung ; Digitale Kultur des Teilens ; Modellkonzepte einer reflexiven Ökologie ; Software und Nachhaltigkeit ; Die Mitfahrtafel ; Ökologische Siedlungsentwicklung ; Digitalisierung: Körpererweiterung oder Amputation? ; Die zweite kopernikanische Revolution ; IV. Fazit ; Die Ökologie der digitalen Gesellschaft

Note: Contents: Part 1 - Introduction ; 1 The argument in brief ; Part 2 - The origins of behavioral contagion ; 2 How context shapes perception ; 3 The impulse to conform ; Part 3 -Cases ; 4 It was, until it wasn't: The dynamics of behavioral contagion ; 5 The sexual revolution revisited ; 6 Trust ; 7 Smoking, eating, and drinking ; 8 Expenditure cascades ; 9 The climate crisis ; Part 4 - Policy ; 10 Should regulators ignore behavioral contagion? ; 11 Creating more supportive environments ; 12 The mother of all cognitive illusions ; 13 Ask, don't tell ; Epilogue

Note: The calm before the storm -- Things come apart -- Deaths of despair -- The lives and deaths of the more (and less) educated -- Black and white deaths -- The condition of the living -- The misery and mystery of pain -- Suicide, drugs, and alcohol -- Opioids -- False trails : poverty, income, and the Great Recession -- Growing apart at work -- Widening gaps at home -- How American healthcare is undermining lives -- Capitalism, immigrants, robots, and China -- Firms, consumers, and workers -- What to do?

Note: Contents: 1. Introduction ; 2. Data ; 3. Methods ; 4. Floods and droughts ; 5. Heatwaves and cold spells ; 6. Hurricanes and other storms ; Appendix A. Climate measurements ; Appendix B. Natural climate archives ; Appendix C. Physical climate models ; Appendix D. Statistical inference ; Appendix E. Numerical techniques ; Appendix F. Data and software ; Appendix G. List of symbols and abbreviations