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  • 1
    Monograph non-lending collection
    Monograph non-lending collection
    Installation des instruments et méthodes d'observations (1961)
    Bruxelles
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    Call number: AWI PY-5831
    In: Expédition Antarctique Belge 1957-1958 : Résultats Scientifiques ; Vol. 3, Fasc. 1, Vol. 3, Fasc. 1
    Type of Medium: Monograph non-lending collection
    Pages: 174 S , graph. Darst., Kt
    Series Statement: Expédition Antarctique Belge 1957-1958 : résultats sientifiques ; Vol. 3, Fasc. 1
    Language: French
    Note: Table des Matières: Liste des figures. - Avant propos. - Préambule. - Introduction. - 1. Programme du Géomagnétisme. - 2. Situation de la base Roi Baudouin et plans des installations. - 3. Installation de la station de Géomagnétisme. - Pavillon des mesures absolues. - Pavillon des enregistreurs. - Le géomagnétisme au bâtiment "Science". - Installations électriques. - 4. Les instruments. - Nomenclature et description. - Etablissement du méridien magnétique et orientation des aimants des variomètres. - Installation et réglage des instruments. - 5. Les températures. - Variations journalières pour chaque variomètre. - Moyennes et écarts max. - Humidité relative. - 6. Les temps. - Controle et correction du temps. - Temps vrai de la station. - 7. Les magnétogrammes. - Marquage et magnétogrammes disponibles. - Magnétogramme du 8/9/1958 et description de l'aurore. - 8. Méthodes d'observation. - Constantes, méthodes de mesure utilisées, calculs. - Valeurs d'echelle et parallaxes. - Valeurs tabulées des mesures absolues. - 9. Mesures magnétiques en campagne. - Etablissement des stations. - Températures, durée et nombre des mesures. - Azimuts et temps. - Valeurs tabulées des mesures. - 10. Difficultés rencontrées et propositions. - Choix du terrain et installation des pavillons. - Solutions proposées pour la stabilité des pilliers. - Résumé des caractéristiques principales de la station. - Bibliographie.
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  • 2
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    Analysis of a sub-ice heat sink for cooling power plants (1960)
    Wilmette, Ill. : Snow Ice and Permafrost Research Establishment, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army
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    Call number: ZSP-202-60
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 60
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary: This report presents numerical results on the feasibility study of the use of in-ice cooling for a power plant. As a result of this type of arrangement, a water pond under ice is formed. The pond size as a function of time for various operating conditions has been computed. The associated problems such as water temperature, power consumption, etc., are also studied.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 17, A6 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 60
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/2751
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Preface Summary Introduction Open-loop system Method of analysis Time dependence of pond size Temperature of water in the pond Effect of inlet water temperature Effect of convection duct Power consumption for circulation of cooling water Condlusions Closed-loop system Method of analysis Time dependence of pond size Flow conditions of glycol solutions inside coil Discussion and conclusions References Appendix: Examples of calculations
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  • 3
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    Adhesive properties of ice; Part II (1960)
    Wilmette, Ill. : Snow Ice and Permafrost Research Establishment, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army
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    Call number: ZSP-202-62
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 62
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary: Adhesive strength of ice for the systems ice/stainless steel and ice/optically flat fused quartz has been investigated as a function of surface roughness of steel surfaces and rates of shear for steel and quartz. The adhesive strength decreases with decreasing roughness of steel surfaces and the force vs time curves for smooth steel plates resemble those of two solids sliding over each other with a liquid layer sandwiched between them. This is particularly so in the case of quartz. The adhesive strength as a function of rate of shear is linear both for ice/stainless steel and ice/quartz; however, there are indications of yield values. The experimental results are in agreement with the assumption of a liquidlike layer on ice. Ratios of viscosity coefficient to the thickness of the layer have been evaluated for both systems and viscosity coefficients are estimated. The importance of interfacial free energy considerations is pointed out.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 10 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 62
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/2722
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Preface Summary Introduction Experimental Materials Apparatus Experimental results Ice/metal interface Ice/quartz interface Discussion References
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  • 4
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    Bonding of flat ice surfaces : some preliminary results (1960)
    Wilmette, Ill. : Snow Ice and Permafrost Research Establishment, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army
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    Call number: ZSP-202-61
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 61
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary: The results of experiments on the bonding of polished and microtomed surfaces of bubble-free ice samples at -5°C with various loads are reported. Only a small part of the available surface area appeared to be bonded, this area increasing with the bonding load. Surfaces apposed immediately after preparation showed an appreciably higher force of separation than those joined after a time interval. The force of separation for surfaces placed together at 0% relative humidity was higher than that at 100% relative humidity. A simplified theory of bonding of irregular ice surfaces is formulated in the appendix. The calculations are based on the assumption of a distribution of small ice cylinders of equal cross sections but different heights located on a non-deformable plate. The cylinders are deformed by a constant force which is applied by another completely non-deformable flat plate. The deformation as a function of force and time and the force of separation as a function of load are derived, assuming that the distribution of heights is given by a box distribution (i.e., frequency of heights is constant).
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 6, A4 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 61
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/2700
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Preface Summary Introduction Materials Apparatus and procedure Results Discussion References Appendix: Compression of an assembly of cylinders
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  • 5
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    Plastic deformation of thick-walled snow-ice cylinders under hydrostatic pressure (1960)
    Wilmette, Ill. : Snow Ice and Permafrost Research Establishment, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army
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    Call number: ZSP-202-63
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 63
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary: Experiments have been carried out on the plastic deformation of thick-walled snow-ice cylinders under hydrostatic pressure as a function of pressure and temperature. At constant circumferential stress and temperature the natural strain rate of closure is a constant. This constant varies with the circumferential stress according to a sine function and is exponentially dependent on temperature with an energy of activation of 14.1 kcal/mole at an average circumferential stress of 3.1 kg/cm^2. The mechanism of the plastic flow is in agreement with a mechanism proposed previously, that is, flow between grain boundaries takes place.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 7 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 63
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/2740
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Preface Summary Experimental Materials Apparatus Experimental results Deformation under constant hydrostatic pressure Deformation as a function of hydrostatic pressure Deformation as a function of temperature at constant pressure Discussion References
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  • 6
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    Temperature distribution of an idealized ice cap (1960)
    Wilmette, Ill. : Snow Ice and Permafrost Research Establishment, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army
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    Call number: ZSP-202-64
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 64
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary: The distribution of temperature throughout an idealized ice cap is studied. The idealized ice cap is considered as one with a constant growth rate, without internal movement, subject to a linear climatic change and to a constant geothermal influx. The problem is treated as a Stefan-type problem and the solution is obtained by the principle of superposition. The results indicate that the temperature at the base of the ice cap rises with time and eventually would reach the melting point of the ice. Under such conditions, it is concluded that the ice cap is not resting on a permafrost base as suggested by previous investigation.
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    Pages: iv, 8 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 64
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/2739
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Preface Summary Introduction Mathematical development Method of solution Discussion of results Base temperature Minimum temperature Effect of rate of growth Effect of geothermal influx Comparison with observed results References
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  • 7
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    Size distribution and liquid water content of fog, northwestern Greenland (1962)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Call number: ZSP-202-100
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 100
    Description / Table of Contents: From the Summary: During the summer of 1960, observations were made of ground fog on the Greenland Ice Cap and of sea fog in the Thule area in northwestern Greenland. A microscope-stage-fog impactor was designed, and its collection efficiency determined both empirically and by computation from the theoretical work of Langmuir and Blodgett (1946). The empirical efficiency was found to be considerably greater than the theoretical efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 13 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 100
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/5899
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Preface Summary Introduction Method Design and operation of the impactor Collection efficiency Computation from theoretical values of Langmuir and Blodgett Empirical values Observations and results Fog on the ice cap Sea fog near Thule Discussion Conclusions References
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  • 8
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    Theory of densification of dry snow on high polar glaciers, II (1962)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Call number: ZSP-202-108
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 108
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary: The theory of snow densification is further developed on the basis of an exponential relation between viscosity and density. A linear relation between load-stress and strain rate is not valid for high stresses, and is replaced by a hyperbolic sine function. An empirical function is given for the temperature cycle correction. Two equations are derived for calculating depth-density curves with computers, and a simplified one for use with desk calculators. Instructions are given for determination of function parameters from field data. Four depth-density curves for Greenland and Antarctic locations are computed and graphed to show that the theory is useful.
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    Pages: iv, 18, A3, B5 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 108
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/5846
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Preface Summary Introduction Notation Stress analysis Analysis of densification process Non-Newtonian densification Equation for hyperbolic sine densification law Determination of parameters Discussion Glaciological engineering aspects References Appendix A: Example of calculation Appendix B: Snow density profiles
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  • 9
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    Age hardening of snow at the South Pole (1964)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Call number: ZSP-202-112
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 112
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary: The age hardening of artificially and naturally compacted snow has been investigated at the South Pole. Results show that the age-hardening process is greatly retarded at low temperatures. Artificially compacted samples of density 0.55 g/cm^3 attained a compressive strength of less than 3.0 kg/cm^2 after one year's aging at -49°C. Exposure to solar radiation accelerated the age hardening. Irradiated samples attained a strength of 6.0 kg/cm^2 after 100 hr, increasing to a virtual maximum of 8.0 kg/cm^2 at 600 hr. Compressive strengths increased witha decrease in snow-particle size and with an increasing angularity of the particles. Below 3 m the strength of naturally compacted snow was found to increase rapidly with an increase in density. Naturally compacted snow of density 0.55 g/cm^3 possessed considerably greater strength than any of the age-hardened samples of artificially compacted snow of the same density. Thin-section studies show that age hardening can be correlated with the formation and growth of intergranular bonds, and that bond growth falls off rapidly with decreasing temperature. In view of the low strength found in both naturally and artificially compacted snow at the South Pole, "cut-and-cover" undersnow camp construction may not prove practical at the South Pole.
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    Pages: v, 19, A6 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 112
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/5841
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Preface Summary Introduction Previous work Experimental methods Experimental results Series A Series B Series C Series D Series E Discussion Conclusions References Appendix A
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  • 10
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    Circular plates on elastic, sealed foundations (1963)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Call number: ZSP-202-118
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 118
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary: The observation that newly frozen ice sheets, resulting from pools of -water freezing over,- support more than would be predicted by ordinary theory is assessed. A solution is presented for a circular plate on an elastic, sealed foundation. Graphical results are shown for supports at the circumference of the plate. Graphs to obtain moments in a circular plate on an elastic bearing surface, using a sealed or unsealed foundation, are compiled for fixed and simple supports. In reality the foundation may not be completely sealed, calling for discretion in selecting the actual moment. The ability of the refrozen ice sheet to support the extra load is explained by the fact that the water has been sealed between the surface and main sheet of ice and the volume occupied by the water cannot change.
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    Pages: iii, 14 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 118
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/5858
    Language: English
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