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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2020-06-15
    Description: Stable isotopic values on planktonic foraminifera in a suite of cores from basins across the SE Baffin Shelf are used to extract a record of meltwater events during Termination I deglaciation. Resolution and Hatton basins lie on the SE Baffin Shelf at water depths 〉 500 m, seaward of major conduits for ice drainage from the eastern sector of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS). Accelerator mass spectrometry 14C dates are used to constrain our chronology of events in ten cores. In Resolution Basin, three cores have 14C AMS dates on foraminifera of 〉 20 ka at their bases; whereas Hatton Basin cores terminate in sediments 〈 13 kyr. Sedimentation rates varied between 0.1 to 4.5 m/ka. Stable oxygen and carbon isotopic ratios were obtained on 146 samples of the planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (Ehrenberg) sinistral, from seven of the ten cores. No evidence was found to indicate that test morphology or size affected ∂18O. Between 7 and 13.5 ka the surface water on the shelf was on average 1 ‰ lower than the open ocean signal. Significant temporal variations were found in both ∂18O and ∂13C. Evidence for significant low ∂18O events occurred between 13 and 8 ka. The ∂13C record from the planktonic foraminifera suggests a threefold division of events between 13 and 7 ka, with positive values between 10.8 and 13.0 ka, negative values between 9 and 10.8 ka, and positive values from 7 to 9 ka. The ∂18O data suggest the presence of meltwater on the shelf some 3,000 years prior to the first late glacial dates on terrestrial deglaciation (at circa 10.4 ka). “Hudson Strait must be the real key to the importance of the calving process during deglaciation, because it is potentially the largest marine outlet for the Laurentide Ice Sheet and because it leads into the very center of the ice sheet.....the rates of calving through Hudson Strait during the period of initial ∂18O rise unfortunately are unknown.”
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2020-06-15
    Description: In the North Atlantic we define H-0 as a Heinrich-like event which occurred during the Younger Dryas chron. On the SE Baffin shelf prior to 11 ka, surface water productivity was reasonably high, as measured by the numbers of diatom and planktic foraminifera per gram, but an abrupt increase in detrital carbonate (DC-0 event) (from approximately 15% up to 50% carbonate by weight) occurred at 11 ± 14C ka and continued to circa 10 ka. These deposits, 2–6 m thick, are dominated by detrital calcite and silt- and clay-sized sediments. During this event (DC-0/H-0), ice extended onto the inner shelf but did not reach the shelf break and probably originated from a center over Labrador-Ungava. As a consequence, the pattern of ice-rafted debris and sediment provenance shown by H-O in the North Atlantic is different from that during H-1 (14.5 ka) or H-2 (20 ka) when the ice sheet extended along the axis of Hudson Strait and may have reached the shelf break; for example, there is no concrete evidence for DC-O is cores on the floor of the Labrador Sea due east of Hudson Strait (HU75-55,-56), but H-O has been noted in cores off Newfoundland and west of Ireland. A coeval carbonate event to DC-0, but this one dominated by dolomite, occurs in HU82-SU5 on the west side of Davis Strait with a source either from northern Baffin Bay or Cumberland Sound. Although other sources for North Atlantic detrital carbonate cannot be totally excluded, our evidence suggests that H-0 represents the expression of glaciological instability of the Laurentide Ice Sheet within the general region of Hudson Strait and probably to the north (Cumberland Sound and northernmost Baffin Bay). There is one younger DC event, dated circa 8.4 ka, present in sediments along the Labrador margin and in Hudson Strait, which represents the final collapse of the ice sheet within Hudson Strait and Hudson Bay.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, (ISBN 0-521-81734-X)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Handbook of mineralogy ; Rock mechanics ; Physical properties of rocks ; Handbook of physics ; Geochemistry
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  • 4
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Mineral Physics & Crystallography - A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 37, pp. 64-97, (ISBN 3-540-24988-5)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Laboratory measurements ; Physical properties of rocks ; Review article ; Mineralogy
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  • 5
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Global Earth Physics: A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 126-143, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Review article ; Seismology ; Travel time ; Handbook of geophysics
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  • 6
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Rock Physics & Phase Relations - A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 14, no. 16, pp. 1-7, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Physical properties of rocks ; Mineralogy ; Review article
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  • 7
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Global Earth Physics: A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, no. 16, pp. 271-282, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Review article ; radioactivity ; Handbook of geophysics ; Handbook of physics
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  • 8
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Rock Physics & Phase Relations - A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 1002, no. 231, pp. 148-165, (ISBN 1-4020-1729-4)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Rheology ; Inelastic ; Rock mechanics ; Physical properties of rocks ; Review article
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  • 9
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Global Earth Physics: A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 88-103, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Review article ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Rheology ; Seismology
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  • 10
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Global Earth Physics: A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 104-125, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Review article ; (The Earth's free) oscillations ; Attenuation ; Rheology
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  • 11
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Rock Physics & Phase Relations - A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 22, no. 16, pp. 20-34, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Physical properties of rocks ; Attenuation ; porosity ; Velocity ; Review article
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  • 12
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 10, no. 28, pp. 309-314
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; Plate tectonics ; Review article
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  • 13
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Mineral Physics & Crystallography - A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 24, no. 16, pp. 303-331, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: NMR ; Spectrum ; Spectral analysis ; Geochemistry ; Physical properties of rocks ; Review article
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  • 14
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Global Earth Physics: A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, no. 16, pp. 283-291, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Review article ; radioactivity ; isotopes ; Geothermics
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  • 15
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 10, no. 302, pp. 365-369
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Plate tectonics ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Seismicity ; Geodesy ; Review article
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  • 16
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Global Earth Physics: A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, pp. 206-213
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Review article ; Seismology ; Magnitude ; Energy (of earthquakes) ; seismic Moment
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  • 17
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Rock Physics & Phase Relations - A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, no. 16, pp. 105-126, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Geothermics ; Physical properties of rocks ; Review article
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  • 18
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Global Earth Physics: A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, no. XVI:, pp. 190-205, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Review article ; Geoelectrics ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses !
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  • 19
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Mineral Physics & Crystallography - A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 227-236, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Rheology ; Inelastic ; Modelling ; Review article ; Geothermics ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses !
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  • 20
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 23-40, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Review article ; Seismology ; Tectonics ; Plate tectonics ; Volcanology ; Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earth rotation ; Geochemistry ; Nuclear explosion ; Source ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; GeodesyY ; Chaotic behaviour ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Rock mechanics ; remote ; sensing ; Mineralogy ; Geodesy ; Global Positioning System ; Very Long Baseline Interferometry ; Satellite Laser Ranging ; Gravimetry, Gravitation ; Planetology
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  • 21
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, (ISBN 0-521-81734-X)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Handbook of geophysics ; Rock mechanics ; Physical properties of rocks ; Handbook of physics
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  • 22
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, (ISBN 0-521-81734-X)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Handbook of geophysics ; Plate tectonics ; TIDES ; Geomagnetics ; Geothermics ; Seismology ; Geoelectrics ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Gravimetry, Gravitation ; Paleomagnetism ; isotopes ; Geochemistry ; Oceanography ; Volcanology ; physical ; constants
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  • 23
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Mineral Physics & Crystallography - A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 17, no. 16, pp. 303-331, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Mineralogy ; Physical properties of rocks ; Review article
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  • 24
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Global Earth Physics: A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, no. 16, pp. 66-87, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Plate tectonics ; Modelling ; Review article ; Geodesy ; Paleomagnetism
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  • 25
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Rock Physics & Phase Relations - A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 127-147, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Rock mechanics ; Geochemistry ; Physical properties of rocks ; Mineralogy ; Review article
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  • 26
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 10, no. SC.TECH./SEM.16/R.60, pp. 299-308
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Source ; Modelling ; Seismology ; Review article
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  • 27
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 10, no. SC.TECH./SEM.16/R.60, pp. 379-383
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Tectonics ; rifting ; basins ; Fault zone ; Stress ; Fluids ; Review article
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  • 28
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. M79-E-11 [79127 Arto 129], pp. 249-255, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Earthquake hazard ; Review article
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  • 29
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. PL-TR-91-2097, pp. 371-377, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Geodesy ; Very Long Baseline Interferometry ; Satellite Laser Ranging ; Global Positioning System ; Plate tectonics ; Review article
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  • 30
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. 25, pp. 287-297, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Seismology ; Source ; Mineralogy ; Hypocentral depth ; Review article
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  • 31
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. AFGL-TR-88-0314, pp. 413-418, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Plate tectonics ; evolution ; GeodesyY ; Review article
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  • 32
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 10, no. paper SPWLA 90-H, pp. 257-262, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Volcanology ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earthquake hazard ; Review article
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  • 33
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 10, no. 89-144, pp. 269-273, (ISBN 0 08 042822 3)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Seismology ; Nuclear explosion ; Review article
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  • 34
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. 57, pp. 451-457, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Rock mechanics ; Rheology ; Review article
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  • 35
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 1034, no. SAND 80-2048, pp. 283-286, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Source ; Seismology ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Energy (of earthquakes) ; Review article
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  • 36
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. 70, pp. 263-267, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Volcanology ; Earthquake hazard ; Seismology ; Review article
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  • 37
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 10, no. 91-N-FA07-7-4, pp. 341-343, (ISBN 0 08 042822 3)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Chaotic behaviour ; FractureT ; Non-linear effects ; Review article
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  • 38
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, no. 43, pp. 243-247
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earthquake risk ; Review article
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  • 39
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Global Earth Physics: A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, no. 16, pp. 144-158, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Geothermics ; Review article
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  • 40
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Global Earth Physics: A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 214-224, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Review article ; Velocity depth profile ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust)
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  • 41
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  London, American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 632 pp., (ISBN-10: 1-84628-053-2, ISBN-13:978-1-84628-053-5, eISBN 1-84628-054-0, xx + 591 pp. + CD-ROM)
    Publication Date: 1994
    Keywords: Seismology ; GeodesyY ; Synthetic seismograms
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  • 42
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Nonlinear Dynamics and Predictability of Geophysical Phenomena, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 24, no. 231, pp. 7-13, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 1994
    Keywords: Modelling ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earthquake precursor: statistical anal. of seismicity ; criticality ; Review article ; Chaotic behaviour ; FractureT
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  • 43
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Nonlinear Dynamics and Predictability of Geophysical Phenomena, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 1-5, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1994
    Keywords: Review article ; Non-linear effects ; Chaotic behaviour
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  • 44
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Nonlinear Dynamics and Predictability of Geophysical Phenomena, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 37-41, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1994
    Keywords: Dynamic ; Chaotic behaviour ; Non-linear effects
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  • 45
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Washington, 107 pp., American Geophysical Union, vol. IUGG Volume 18, no. 85, pp. 799-804, (ISBN 3-540-23219-2)
    Publication Date: 1994
    Keywords: Non-linear effects ; FractureT ; Chaotic behaviour ; SOC ; criticality ; Textbook of geophysics ; Dynamic ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research
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  • 46
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Nonlinear Dynamics and Predictability of Geophysical Phenomena, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 22, no. 16, pp. 69-74, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1994
    Keywords: SOC ; Chaotic behaviour ; Non-linear effects ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earthquake precursor: statistical anal. of seismicity
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  • 47
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Nonlinear Dynamics and Predictability of Geophysical Phenomena, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 65, no. 16, pp. 15-35, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 1994
    Keywords: Non-linear effects ; Friction ; Fracture ; Physical properties of rocks
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  • 48
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Nonlinear Dynamics and Predictability of Geophysical Phenomena, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 55-60, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1994
    Keywords: Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Non-linear effects ; Earthquake precursor: stresses ; Modelling ; Stress
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  • 49
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Nonlinear Dynamics and Predictability of Geophysical Phenomena, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 3, no. 16, pp. 43-53, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1994
    Keywords: Earthquake ; Dynamic ; Seismicity ; Hypocentral depth
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  • 50
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Nonlinear Dynamics and Predictability of Geophysical Phenomena, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 75-80, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1994
    Keywords: Chaotic behaviour ; Friction
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  • 51
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Nonlinear Dynamics and Predictability of Geophysical Phenomena, Washington, American Geophysical Union, vol. 5, no. 16, pp. 81-89, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1994
    Keywords: Modelling ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earthquake precursor: models ; Chaotic behaviour
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  • 52
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 97, no. 8, pp. 11995-12013, pp. 2340, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1992
    Keywords: Stress ; Fault plane solution, focal mechanism ; 16 ; (Structural ; Geology) ; 18 ; (Geophysics, ; Solid ; Earth) ; JGR ; California ; tectonophysics ; crust ; Indonesia ; structural ; geology ; neotectonics ; faults ; displacements ; active ; faults ; Pacific ; Coast ; Western ; U.S. ; United ; States ; San ; Andreas ; Fault ; Far ; East ; Asia ; Sumatra ; strike-slip ; faults ; borehole ; breakouts ; earthquakes ; focal ; mechanism ; plate ; tectonics
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  • 53
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1-40, (ISBN: 0-444-51340-X)
    Publication Date: 1990
    Keywords: EUROPROBE (Geol. and Geophys. in eastern Europe) ; Handbook of geology ; Geol. aspects ; Plate tectonics
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  • 54
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 96, pp. 225, (ISBN 0-471-95596-5)
    Publication Date: 1990
    Keywords: Nuclear explosion ; Textbook of geophysics ; Review article
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  • 55
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Properties and Processes of the Earth's Lower Crust, Oxford, American Geophysical Union, vol. 54, no. 16, pp. 197-213, (ISBN 1-4020-1729-4)
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: CRUST ; Geothermics ; Inelastic ; Muller
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  • 56
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research, 94 (B5). pp. 5585-5602.
    Publication Date: 2019-10-14
    Description: We examine the closure of the current plate motion circuit between the African, North American, and Eurasian plates to test whether these plates are rigid and whether the Gloria fault is an active transform fault. We also investigate the possible existence of microplates that have been previously proposed to lie along these plate boundaries, and compare the predicted direction of motion along the African‐Eurasian plate boundary in the Mediterranean with the direction of slip observed in earthquakes. From marine geophysical data we obtain 13 transform fault azimuths and 40 3‐m.y.‐average spreading rates, 34 of which are determined from comparison of synthetic magnetic anomaly profiles to ∼140 observed profiles. Slip vectors from 32 earthquake focal mechanisms further describe plate motion. Detailed magnetic surveys north of Iceland provide 11 rates in a region where prior plate motion models had few data. Magnetic profiles north of the Azores triple junction record a rate of 24 mm/yr, 4 mm/yr slower than used by prior models. Gloria and Sea Beam surveys accurately measure the azimuths of seven transform faults; our plate motion model fits six of the seven within 2°. Two transform faults surveyed by Gloria side scan sonar lie near FAMOUS area transform faults A and B and give azimuths 13° clockwise of them. Because recent studies show that short‐offset transforms, such as transforms A and B, are in many places oblique to the direction of plate motion, we exclude azimuths from transforms with less than 35‐km offset. The best fitting and closure‐enforced vectors fit the data well, except for a small systematic misfit to the slip vectors: On right‐lateral slipping transforms, slip vectors tend to be a few degrees clockwise of plate motion and mapped fault azimuths, whereas on left‐lateral slipping transforms, slip vectors tend to be a few degrees counterclockwise of plate motion and mapped fault azimuths. We search the long Eurasia‐North America boundary for evidence of an additional plate, but find no systematic misfits to the data. In particular, if a Spitsbergen plate exists and moves relative to Eurasia, its motion is less than 3 mm/yr. An Africa‐Eurasia Euler vector determined by adding the Eurasia‐North America and Africa‐North America Euler vectors is consistent with the Gloria fault trend and with slip vectors from eastern Azores‐Gibraltar Ridge focal mechanisms. A small circle, centered at the Africa‐Eurasia closure‐enforced pole, fits the trace of the Gloria fault. The model in which closure was enforced predicts ∼4 mm/yr slip across the Azores‐Gibraltar Ridge, and west‐northwest convergence near Gibraltar, ∼45° more oblique than suggested by a recent model based on compressive axes of focal mechanisms. Moreover, our model predicts directions of plate motion that agree well with northwest trending slip vectors from thrust earthquakes between Gibraltar and Sicily. Because closure‐enforced vectors fit the data nearly as well as the best fitting vectors, we conclude that the data are consistent with a rigid plate model and with the Gloria fault being a transform fault.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 57
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research, 93 (C12). pp. 15473-15483.
    Publication Date: 2020-11-18
    Description: The southern section of the Agulhas western boundary current system exhibits unique characteristics as regards ocean/atmosphere heat flux processes. The Agulhas Retroflection region's high heat flux core from 37°S to 41°S, 16°E to 22°E does not demonstrate a distinct annual cycle of turbulent heat fluxes (latent and sensible) as is characteristic of its northern hemisphere counterparts. Rather, a weak semiannual heat flux cycle is found with maximum average losses during winter and summer (200 and 211 W/m2 ) and minimum losses during spring and autumn (185 and 162 W/m2 ). Upstream where the Agulhas Current is closer to land, winter heat losses exceed those of summer, but the differences are small. This behavior contrasts with that encountered at the poleward ends of northern hemisphere western boundary currents where winter heat fluxes are several times those of summer. The main reason for this difference is persistent westerly and southwesterly wind flow over the Agulhas Retroflection region throughout the year which ensures that cold, unsaturated maritime air repeatedly forces loss of heat from the ocean's surface. Spatial heat flux gradients associated with the Agulhas‐Subtropical Convergence surface temperature front are more pronounced in summer than in winter, indicating that cyclogenesis locally may be less seasonally dependent than in the northern hemisphere situation. Average oceanic cooling rates in the core region of the Retroflection, based on net heat flux calculations and a mixed surface layer of 75 m, range from 1.35°C/month during winter to 0.25°C/month during summer. Interannual variability in ocean/atmosphere heat fluxes within the Agulhas Retroflection region often exceeds the variability illustrated by the annual cycle. West of the Agulhas Retroflection core region, interannual sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies are more influential in the generation of heat flux anomalies by virtue of their large temporal variability. This high SST variability is primarily attributed to interannual changes in flux of Agulhas Current water into the southeast Atlantic Ocean. Oceanic heat loss within this warm water zone is an important modifying influence to both ocean and atmosphere, thus meriting further research.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 58
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Earthquake Source Mechanics, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 37, no. 16, pp. 275-283, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1986
    Keywords: Spectrum ; Source parameters ; Seismology
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  • 59
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Earthquake Source Mechanics, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 37, no. 16, pp. 285-296, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1986
    Keywords: Seismology ; Seismic networks ; Fracture ; Source
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  • 60
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Earthquake Source Mechanics, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 37, pp. 311-318, (ISBN 3-540-24988-5)
    Publication Date: 1986
    Keywords: Seismology ; Source ; Attenuation
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  • 61
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Earthquake Source Mechanics, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 37, no. 16, pp. 269-274, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 1986
    Keywords: Seismology ; Green's function ; Source
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  • 62
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Earthquake Source Mechanics, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 37, pp. 259-267, (ISBN 3-540-24988-5)
    Publication Date: 1986
    Keywords: Seismology ; Source parameters ; Seismicity
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  • 63
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Earthquake Source Mechanics, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 37, no. 16, pp. 195-207, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1986
    Keywords: Source parameters ; Fault zone ; Inelastic ; Creep observations and analysis ; Source ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research
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  • 64
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  In: Kimberlites, Diatremes, and Diamonds: Their Geology, Petrology, and Geochemistry. , ed. by Boyd, F. R. American Geophysical Union, Boulder, Colorado, USA, pp. 354-363. ISBN 0-87590-212-X
    Publication Date: 2020-01-28
    Description: The olivine melilitite diatemes of the Swabian Alb, frequently compared with kimberlite diatremes, are discussed in terms of hydrogeological setting, internal structure and juvenile fraction. The hydrogeological conditions of the Swabian Alb at the time of diatreme emplacement were characterized by copious amounts of groundwater within the sedimentary cover of the basement. Subsequently to the eruptions groundwater accumulated within the maars of the larger diatremes forming fresh‐water lakes as also happened nearby in the Steinheim and Ries impact craters. The diatremes reveal subsidence structures composed of large wall‐rock blocks, subaerially deposited pyroclastic beds, and well‐bedded reworked pyroclastic debris which accumulated on the floor of the fresh‐water crater lakes. The latter fact implies availability of groundwater at the time the diatremes formed. The juvenile fraction is developed in the shape of spherical to ovoid nucleated autoliths of ash to lapilli size that are macroscopically nearly devoid of vesicles. The autoliths are interpreted as the product of water vapor explosions which took place when rising olivine melilitite magma contacted groundwater and was fragmented into magma droplets. The droplets were rapidly chilled and thus preserved their shape. Because of the hydrogeological data, the diatreme structure, and the chilled nature of the autoliths a phreatomagmatic origin of the Swabian diatremes is suggested.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 65
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Flow and Fracture of Rocks, Washington, D. C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 16, no. 16, pp. 109-115, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1972
    Keywords: Fluids ; Physical properties of rocks ; Laboratory measurements ; Rock mechanics
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  • 66
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Flow and Fracture of Rocks, Washington, D. C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 16, no. 16, pp. 167-190, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1972
    Keywords: Physical properties of rocks ; Seismology ; Anisotropy ; earth mantle ; ConvolutionE
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  • 67
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Flow and Fracture of Rocks, Washington, D. C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 16, no. 16, pp. 265-273, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1972
    Keywords: Fluids ; Physical properties of rocks ; Rock mechanics ; Laboratory measurements
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  • 68
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Flow and Fracture of Rocks, Washington, D. C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 16, no. XVI:, pp. 243-258, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 1972
    Keywords: Rock mechanics ; Laboratory measurements ; Inelastic ; Physical properties of rocks
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  • 69
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Flow and Fracture of Rocks, Washington, D. C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 16, no. XVI:, pp. 29-53, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 1972
    Keywords: Rheology ; Physical properties of rocks ; Inelastic ; Laboratory measurements ; Rock mechanics
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  • 70
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Flow and Fracture of Rocks, Washington, D. C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 259-263, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 1972
    Keywords: Modelling ; Aftershocks ; Seismology ; Seismicity
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