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The elastic constants of certain single crystals may be obtained by the measurement of thermal diffuse X-ray scattering variation in regions close to reciprocal-lattice points. A method has been given which allows for second-order contributions to the total diffuse intensity by use of a least-squares procedure. The refinement was simplified by equating two functions, each depending on the elastic properties of the crystal, the nearby lattice point to the positions of observation and the direction along which the intensity variation is measured. For cubic crystals, there is an exact equality between appropriate powers of these functions for several important crystallographic directions, while for other directions some approximation results. The present paper includes a simple method of allowing for the deviation from equality in the latter cases.
