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Grain-size variations of cumulus plagioclase in the upper critical zone of the Bushveld Complex

Variationen in der Korngröße von Kumulus-Plagioklas in der Upper Critical Zone des Bushveld Komplexes

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Summary

Due to the slow equilibration rate of feldspar, its zoning pattern is likely to be of primary origin. Initial studies of zoning patterns of cumulus feldspar within the interval between the UG2 chromitite and the Merensky Reef have shown postcumulus growth to affect only the outermost rims of grains. Therefore, present-day grain sizes of plagioclase are considered to resemble the original cumulus grain sizes. A correlation between grain size of plagioclase and its composition and zoning pattern has been established: larger, complexly zoned grains correlate with more calcic compositions. It is inferred that the residence time of neutrally buoyant plagioclases within a periodically replenished host liquid determined their size and zoning pattern. Older and more calcic grains are larger and more complexly zoned, whereas finer grain sizes, which are associated with relatively primitive (Mg-rich) orthopyroxenes, are the result of partial resorption of plagioclase. Grain sizes of plagioclase, furthermore, show regional variation: grains are larger in the vicinity of Union Section than in the southeastern parts of the Western Bushveld Complex, which is interpreted as a consequence of the increasing distance from a putative feeder zone located near Union Section.

Zusammenfassung

Aufgrund der hohen Reaktionsträgheit von Feldspat ist dessen Zonierung höchstwahrscheinlich primärer Natur. Einführende Untersuchungen über Zonierungsmuster in Kumulus-Plagioklas im Interval zwischen der UG2 Chromitit-Lage und dem Merensky-Reef zeigten, daß Postkumulus-Wachstum nur den äußeren Rand der einzelnen Körner kennzeichnet. Demzufolge wird angenommen, daß die hier beobachteten Korngrößen den ursprünglichen Kumulus-Korngrößen entsprechen. Eine Korrelation zwischen der Korngröße von Plagioklasen und deren Chemismus und Zonierungs-muster konnte etabliert werden: größere, komplex zonierte Plagioklase haben einen höheren Anorthit-Gehalt. Diese Beziehung erklärt sich aus der relativ niedrigen Dichte von Plagioklas, die ein gravitatives Absinken verhindert. Demzufolge wurden Korngröße und Zonierungsmuster der in Schwebe befindlichen Plagioklase von der Verweildaner innerhalb einer sich periodisch ernenernden Schmelze bestimmt. Ältere, Ca-reiche Plagioklase sind relativ groß und komplex zoniert, während feinere Korngrößen, die zusammen mit relativ primitiven (Mg-reichen) Orthopyroxenen auftreten, das Ergebnis partieller Assimilation sind. Regionale Unterschiede existieren insofern, als daß Plagioklas in der Nähe einer postulierten Magmen-Zufuhrzone im Bereich von Union Section grobkörniger ist als in den südöstlichen Bereichen des westlichen Bushveld Komplexes.

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Maier, W.D. Grain-size variations of cumulus plagioclase in the upper critical zone of the Bushveld Complex. Mineralogy and Petrology 50, 245–258 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01164608

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