Summary
We have compared some features of the resting and the insulin-stimulated uptake of α-aminoisobutyrate (AIB) in frog skeletal muscle. We found a substantial difference between the two processes, namely, that resting AIB uptake is Na-independent while the insulin-stimulated fraction of the AIB uptake is Na-dependent.
Since the amino acid transport systems in frog skeletal muscle are poorly characterized, we have also surveyed some of their properties. One of the most interesting findings of this survey is that both the uptake and efflux of AIB are inhibited by low concentrations of PCMBS (parachloro-mercury-benzene sulfonic acid 5×10−5 m). In contrast, the carrier mediated transport of basic amino acids is neither inhibited by this mercurial agent nor accelerated by insulin.
The action of PCMBS strongly suggests the presence of a critical sulfhydryl group in the amino acid carrier system utilized by AIB. This group is exposed to the outside solution since PCMBS penetrates cell membranes poorly, and in addition its inhibitory actions were reverted by agents that do not penetrate the cell membrane like albumin or glutathione.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adrian, R.H., Slayman, C.L. 1966. Membrane potential and conductance during transport of sodium, potassium and rubidium, in frog muscle.J. Physiol. (London) 184:970
Akedo, H., Christensen, H.N. 1962. Nature of insulin action on amino acid uptake by the isolated diaphragm.J. Biol. Chem. 237:118
Beyer, K.H., Wright, L.D., Skeggs, H.R., Russo, H.F., Shaner, G. 1947. Renal clearance of essential amino acids: Their competition for reabsorption by the renal tubules.Am. J. Physiol. 151:202
Desmedt, J.E. 1953. Electrical activity and intracellular sodium concentration in frog muscle.J. Physiol. (London) 121:191
Elsas, L.S., Albrecht, I., Rosenberg, L.E. 1968. Insulin stimulation of amino acid uptake in rat diaphragm. Relationship to protein synthesis.J. Biol. Chem. 243:1846
Elsas, L.J., MacDonell, R.C., Rosenberg, L.E. 1971. Influence of age on insulin stimulation of amino acid uptake in rat diaphragm.J. Biol. Chem. 246:6452
Elsas, L.J., Wheeler, F.B., Danner, D.J., DeHaan, R.L. 1975. Amino acid transport by aggregates of cultured chicken heart cells. Effect of insulin.J. Biol. Chem. 250:9381
Erlij, D., Grinstein, S. 1976. The number of sodium ion pumping sites in skeletal muscle and its modification by insulin.J. Physiol. (London) 259:13
Erlij, D., Leblanc, G. 1971. The effects of ethacrynic acid other sulfhydril reagents on sodium fluxes in frog muscle.J. Physiol. (London) 214:327
Fanestil, D.D., Edelman, I.S. 1966. On the mechanism of action of aldosterone on sodium transport. Effects of inhibitors of RNA and protein sysnthesis.Fed. Proc. 25:912
Goldfine, I.D., Gardner, J.D., Neville, D.M., Jr. 1972. Insulin action in isolated rat thymocytes. Binding of125I-Insulin and stimulation of AIB transport.J. Biol. Chem. 247:6919
Grinstein, S., Erlij, D. 1974. Unmasking of latent sodium pump sites in frog muscle by insulin.Nature (London) 251:57
Grinstein, S., Erlij, D. 1976. Separation of two amino acid transport systems in skeletal muscle by means of SH reagents and insulin sensitivity.Fed. Proc. 35:606
Hare, J.D. 1975. Distinctive alterations of nucleoside, sugar and amino acid uptake by sulfhydril reagents in cultured mouse cells.Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 170:347
Harris, E.J. 1963. Distribution and movement of muscle chloride.J. Physiol. (London) 166:87
Kamin, H., Handler, P. 1951. Effect of infusion of single amino acids upon excretion of other amino acids.Am. J. Physiol. 164:654
Kipnis, D.M., Noall, N.W. 1958. Stimulation of amino acid transport by insulin in the isolated rat diaphragm.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 28:226
Narahara, H.T., Holloszy, J.O. 1974. The actions of insulin, trypsin, and electrical stimulation on amino acid transport in muscle.J. Biol. Chem. 249:5435
Riggs, T.R., MacKirahan, K.S. 1973. Action of insulin on transport ofl-alanine into rat diaphragm in vitro.J. Biol. Chem. 248:6459
Stirling, C.E. 1975. Mercurial perturbation of brush border membrane permeability in rabbit ileum.J. Membrane Biol. 23:33
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Grinstein, S., Erlij, D. Differences between resting and insulin-stimulated amino acid transport in frog skeletal muscle. J. Membrain Biol. 35, 9–28 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01869937
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01869937