Collision-free insertion of components on PCBs using spatial representation technique

Abstract

This paper presents the technique for checking collision of through-hole components during the machine insertion process on a printed circuit board (PCB). The spatial representation technique is used to represent the components and the mounting head of an insertion machine. An algorithm that simulates the insertion process is written to detect any collision of component and mounting head during the insertion process. When a collision is detected, the algorithm will attempt to avoid the collision by re-sequencing the components concerned. If resequencing does not avoid the collision, the algorithm will compute a minimum safe distance for the affected component. The algorithm can also detect component collision due to components' space overlapping each other and subsequently can provide the minimum safe distance. The required safe spacing is based on the type of mounting head or machine used. The algorithm is a useful and efficient tool that could be used during the PCB design stage. The effectiveness of the spatial representation technique has been demonstrated using the TDK VC-544R/AR insertion machine.