Abstract
By component analyses of positron lifetime spectra in quenched gold, it was found that positrons are strongly trapped by stacking fault tetrahedra (SFT) at which the lifetime is about 160 ps remarkably smaller than that for monovacancies (∼200 ps) or divacancies (∼220 ps). Positron lifetimes at small vacancy clusters were also estimated in relation to the nucleation process of SFT, with the aid of computer simulation of kinetics of vacancy clustering during quenching and on subsequent isochronal annealing. The results show that large atomic relaxation occurs in small vacancy clusters among which pentavacancies have the largest open-space, thereby having the lifetime of about 230 ps larger than that of trior tetra-vacancies (∼160ps). It is also suggested that tetra- and penta-vacancies act as prenuclei for stable nuclei of SFT consisting of six or more vacancies.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
See, for example,Positrons in Solids, ed. by P. Hautojärvi, Topics Current Phys.12 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1979)
J. Silcox, P.B. Hirsch: Philos. Mag.4, 72 (1959)
M. De Jpng, J.S. Koehler: Phys. Rev.129, 49 (1963)
K.P. Chik: Phys. Stat. Solid.10, 675 (1965)
G. Czjzek, A. Seeger, S. Mader: Phys. Stat. Solid.2, 558 (1962)
A.A. Hussein, R.A. Dodd: Philos. Mag.24, 1441 (1971)
K.H. Westmacott: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.11, 1064 (1972)
Y. Shimomura:Progress in the Study of Point Defects, ed. by M. Doyama, S. Yoshida (Univ. of Tokyo Press, Tokyo 1977) pp. 149–194
B.L. Eyre, M.H. Loretto, R.E. Smallman: Metal Sci.12, 35 (1978)
C.J. Ball: Scripta Met.15, 665 (1981)
A.C. Damask, G.J. Dienes, V.G. Weizer: Phys. Rev.113, 781 (1959)
G.H. Vineyard: Discussions Faraday Soc.31, 7 (1961)
M. Doyama, R.M.J. Cotterill: Phys. Rev.137, A994 (1965)
A.G. Crocker, M. Doneghan, K.W. Ingle: Philos. Mag. A41, 21 (1980)
N.V. Doan:Point Defects and Defect Interactions in Metals, ed. by J. Takamura, M. Doyama, M. Kiritani (Univ. of Tokyo Press, Tokyo 1982) pp. 722–725
Y. Shirai, T. Hamamoto, T. Takeshita, K. Furukawa, J. Takamura:Point Defects and Defect Interactions in Metals, ed. by J. Takamura, M. Doyama, M. Kiritani (Univ. of Tokyo Press, Tokyo 1982) pp. 441–444
J. Takamura:Point Defects and Defect Interactions in Metals, ed. by J. Takamura, M. Doyama, M. Kiritani (Univ. of Tokyo Press, Tokyo 1982) pp. 431–436
S. Mantl, W. Triftshäuser: Phys. Rev. Lett.34, 1554 (1975)
C. Corbel, P. Moser:Point Defects and Defect Interactions in Metals, ed. by J. Takamura, M. Doyama, M. Kiritani (Univ. of Tokyo Press, Tokyo 1982) pp. 445–448
P. Kirkegaard, M. Eldrup: Comp. Phys. Commun.7, 401 (1974)
R.M.J. Cotterill: Philos. Mag.6, 1351 (1961)
P. Kirkegaard, M. Eldrup: Comp. Phys. Commun.3, 240 (1972)
B. Bergersen, M.J. Stott: Solid State Commun.7, 1203 (1969)
D.C. Connors, R.N. West: Phys. Lett.30A, 24 (1969)
K. Furukawa, J. Takamura: To be published
R.P. Sahu, K.C. Jain, R.W. Siegel: J. Nucl. Mat.69&70, 264 (1978)
R.M. Nieminen, J. Laakkonen: Appl. Phys.20, 181 (1979)
T. McMullen, R.J. Douglas, N. Etherington, B.T.A. McKee, A.T. Stewart, E. Zaremba: J. Phys.F11, 1435 (1981)
H. Kimura, D. Kuhlmann-Wilsdorf, R. Maddin: Appl. Phys. Lett.3, 4 (1963)
P. Hautojärvi, J. Heiniö, M. Manninen, R. Nieminen: Philos. Mag.35, 973 (1977)
P. Jena, A.K. Gupta, K.S. Singwi: Solid State Commun.21, 293 (1977)
T. Mori, M. Meshii: Acta Met.12, 104 (1964)
A.A. Hussein: Met. Trans. A8A, 1745 (1977)
A.A. Hussein: Scripta Met.14, 761 (1980)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Present situation: Professor Emeritus
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shirai, Y., Furukawa, K., Takamura, J. et al. Nucleation process of stacking fault tetrahedra in gold studied by positron lifetime spectroscopy. Appl. Phys. A 37, 65–72 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00618855
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00618855