Abstract
We have studied nonlinear dissipation in oscillatory flow of3He-A through 49-µm- and 17-µm-wide channels by means of torsion pendulum experiments at about 50 Hz. The observed effects are strongly history dependent; the dissipation at a given measuring amplitude is strongly increased if the sample is cooled through Tc while oscillating at large amplitude. Once a highly dissipative state has been created it does not noticeably decay below Tc, though a more dissipative state can be created below Tc by a period of sufficiently large-amplitude oscillation. The results are described semiquantitatively by a model based on the idea of superflow collapse by motion of the\(\hat l\) vector, with consequent orbital dissipation. The history dependence is introduced into this model by postulating the existence of surface singularities in the\(\hat l\) texture, the density of which is determined by the previous history of the helium.
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Work supported financially by SERC through research grants GR/A/0082.0 and GR/A/5108.2.
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Gay, R., Bagley, M., Hook, J.R. et al. History-dependent nonlinear dissipation in superfluid3He-A. J Low Temp Phys 51, 227–248 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00683553
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00683553