Abstract
Interest in the critical dynamics of superfluid 4 He in microgravity conditions has motivated the development of new high resolution thermometry technology for use in space experiments near 2 K. We have developed a magnetic thermometer using dilute magnetic alloys of Mn or Fe dissolved in a pure Pd matrix, similar to previous thermometers used at ultra-low temperatures. These metallic thermometers are easy to fabricate, chemically inert, and can have a low thermal resistance to the stage to be measured. Also, the Curie temperature can be varied by changing the concentration of Fe or Mn, making them available for use in a wide temperature range. The derivative of the magnetic susceptibility was measured for PdMn and PdFe between 1.5 K and 4 K using a SQUID magnetometer. These measurements, as well as preliminary noise and drift measurements, show them to have sub-nK resolution with a drift of less than 10 −13 K/s.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
M. J. Adriaans, W. A. Moeur, S. T. P. Boyd, D. M. Strayer, and R. V. Duncan, Cryogenics 36, 787 (1996); P. K. Day, W. A. Moeur, S. S. McCready, D. A. Sergatstkov, F. C. Liu, and R. V. Duncan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 2474 (1998).
M. J. Adriaans, T. C. P. Chui, M. Ndesandjo, D. R. Swanson, and J. A. Lipa, Physica B 169, 455 (1991).
M. Jutzler, B. Schroder, K. Gloos, and F. Pobell, Z. Phys. B 64, 115 (1986).
A. C. Gonzales and R. E. Parra, J. Mag. and Mag. Mat. 140, 341 (1995).
B. M. Boerstoel, J. E. Van Dam, and G. J. Niewenhuys, in Magnetism: Selected Topics, S. Foner (ed,), Gordon and Breach, New York (1976), p. 207.
R. E. Parra, A. C. Gonzales, and R. A. Lopez, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 2, 7309 (1990).
R. Duncan, S. Boyd, W. Moeur, S. Robinson, R. A. Jau, and S. Gianoulakis, Int. J. Thermophys. 17, 631 (1996).
I. Y. Korenblit and E. F. Shender, Sov. Phys. Usp. 21, 832 (1978).
B. R. Coles, H. Jamieson, R. H. Taylor, and A. Tari, J. Phys. F: Met. Phys. 5, 565 (1975).
B. H. Verbeek, G. J. Nieuwenhuys, J. A. Mydosh, C. van Dijk, and B. D. Rainford, Phys. Rev. B 22, 5426 (1980).
W. M. Star, S. Foner, and E. J. McNiff, Jr., Phys. Rev. B 12, 2690 (1975).
B. Ozcelik and K. Kiymac, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 6, 8309 (1994).
D. R. Swanson, J. A. Nissen, T. C. P. Chui, P. R. Williamson, and J. A. Lipa, Physica B 194–196, 25 (1994).
J. A. Lipa, B. C. Łeslie, and T. C. Wallstrom, Physica B 107, 331 (1981).
G. J. Nieuwenhuys, Adv. Phys. 24, 515 (1975).
P. Day, I. Hahn, and T. C. P. Chui, J. Low Temp. Phys. 107, 359 (1997).
L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Statistical Physics, Pergamon, London (1980), 3rd ed., Pt. 1, Chap. 7.
T. C. P. Chui, D. R. Swanson, M. J. Adriaans, J. A. Nissen, and J. A. Lipa, Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 3005 (1992).
P. A. Schroeder and C. Uher, Phys. Rev. B 18, 3884 (1978).
B. M. Boerstoel, J. J. Zwart, and J. Hansen, Physica 57, 397 (1972).
In CAB, τM has been measured to be approximately 10−6 s at 2 K by R. V. Duncan, Ph.D. thesis, University of California, Santa Barbara (1988), p. 89.
R. Duncan and G. Ahlers, in Temperature: Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry, Vol. 6, James F. Schooley (ed.), American Institute of Physics (1992), p. 243.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Klemme, B.J., Adriaans, M.J., Day, P.K. et al. PdMn and PdFe: New Materials for Temperature Measurement Near 2 K. Journal of Low Temperature Physics 116, 133–146 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021883011172
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021883011172