Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of Single-Disc Edge-Cooled Silicon Nitride Millimeter Wave Window for 200 kW CW Gyrotrons

  • Published:
International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper investigates the possibility of using Silicon Nitride Composite (Kyocera SN-287) as single-disc, edge-cooled window for gyrotrons operating below 200 kW CW in the frequency range 28-42 GHz. Rotationally symmetric TE0n, and TEM00 Gaussian modes of rf transmission through the window have been considered. Analysis performed using a one dimensional (1D) finite difference (FD) code reveals that thermal stresses developed due to non-uniform temperature distribution on the disc surface are well within manageable limits for a 200 kW 42 GHz gyrotron proposed for some ECRH applications. For industrial gyrotrons, for microwave material processing and operating at a maximum power level of 100 kW CW, Si3N4 windows may be a cost effective replacement for sapphire windows. It is found that a TE02 profile results in lower peak temperature at the window disc in comparison to a Gaussian beam profile and allows the use of smaller discs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. K. Felch, M. Blank, P. Borchard, T.S. Chu, J. Feinstein, H.R. Jory, J.A. Lorbeck, C.M. Loring, Y.M. Mizuhara, J.M. Neilson, R. Schumacher and R.J. Temkin, Long-pulse and CW Tests of 110 GHz Gyrotron with an Internal Quasi-optical Converter, IEEE Trans. on Plasma Science, Vol. 24, 558–569, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  2. M. Thumm, Development of Output Windows for High-power Long-Pulse Gyrotron and EC Wave Applications, Int. Jour. of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, Vol 19, 3–14, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  3. J.P. Calame and D.K. Abe, Applications of Advanced Materials Technologies to Vaccum Electronic Devices, Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 87, 840–863, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  4. M.V. Kartikeyan, E. Borie, B. Piosczyk, O.S. Lamba, V.V.P. Singh, A. Mobius, H.N. Bandopadhyay and M. Thumm., Conceptual Design of a 42 GHz 200 kW Gyrotron operating in the TE52 Mode, Int. J. Electronics, In Press.

  5. T. Shimozuma, S. Morimoto, M. Sato, Y. Takita, S. Ito, S. Kubo, H. Idei, K. Ohkubo, and T. Watari, A Forced Gas-cooled Single-Disc Window using Silicon Nitride Composite for High Power CW Millimeter Waves, Int. Jour. of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, Vol. 18, 1477–1493, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  6. M. Thumm, High power Microwave Transmission systems, External Mode converters, and Antenna Technology; Gyrotron Oscillators-Their Principle and Practice (C.J. Edgcombe edited), Taylor and Francis, chapter 13, 1993.

  7. U. Nickel, Microwave Aspects for the development of Low Feedback Output Windows for High-power Millimeter Wave Gyrotrons, Forschungszentrum Scientific Report, FZKA 5513, Karlsruhe, Germany, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  8. L. Rebuffi and J.P. Crenn, Radiation Pattern of the HE11 Mode and Gaussian Approximation, Int. Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, Vol. 10, 291–311, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  9. S.Y. Liao, Microwave Devices and Circuits (2nd edition), Printice-Hall of India, New Delhi, Chapter 4, 1987

    Google Scholar 

  10. V.V.P. Singh, A. Arnold, E. Borie, O. Braz, and M. Thumm, Thermal Modelling of Edge-Cooled Single Disc Gyrotron Windows using A One-Dimensional Finite Difference Computer Code, International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, Vol. 19, 1451–1469, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  11. S.P. Timoshenko and J.N. Godier, Theory of elasticity, 3rd edition, McGraw Hill, Kogakusha, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  12. W.C. Young, Roark's Formulas for stress and strain, New York, McGraw Hill, 720–726, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  13. V.V. Alikaev, D.V. Khamra, V.E. Myasnikov and V.V. Parshin, Output Power Windows of GYCOM Gyrotrons and Their Perspective, Proc. ITG-Fachbericht (Display and Vacuum Electronics), Garmisch-Partenkirchen, 357–362, April 29–30, 1998.

  14. W.H. Press, S. A. Teukolsky, W. T. Vellerling and B. P. Flannery, Numerical Recipies in Fortran, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Ch-4, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  15. R. A. Adey and C.A. Brebbia, Basic Computational Techniques for Engineers, Addison-Wiley Interscience Publication, Chapter 4, 1982.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute (CEERI), Pilani-333 031, India

    V. V. P. Singh, A. K. Sinha & H. N. Bandopadhyay

  2. Forschungszcentrum, Karlsruhe (IHM, Association EURATOM-FZK), Postfach 3640, D-76021, Karlsruhe, Germany

    E. Borie

  3. Electronics Engineering Department, IT, BHU, Varanasi-221 005, India

    B. N. Basu

Authors
  1. V. V. P. Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. E. Borie
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. K. Sinha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. B. N. Basu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. H. N. Bandopadhyay
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Singh, V.V.P., Borie, E., Sinha, A.K. et al. Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of Single-Disc Edge-Cooled Silicon Nitride Millimeter Wave Window for 200 kW CW Gyrotrons. International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves 21, 485–504 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006619417276

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006619417276

Search

Navigation