How Does Offspring Quality Change with Age in Male Drosophila Melanogaster?

Abstract

We examined the relationship of genetic quality to age in male Drosophila melanogaster to test two contrasting hypotheses. The traditional hypothesis is that older males have proven their viability and therefore produce offspring of superior genetic quality. This hypothesis is often evoked as an explanation for female preference for older mates. In contrast, we have recently argued that older fathers may produce offspring of inferior genetic quality. Here, we present results from an experiment designed to measure the genetic quality of offspring produced by 2 day old, 2 week old and 5 week old male D. melanogaster. We found a statistically significant small reduction in larval viability and a similar but statistically non-significant reduction in son mating ability among the offspring of the 5 week old males. Daughter fecundity showed no apparent trend for a reduction nor an increase in performance with increasing age of the fathers. There was no evidence of a difference between the 2 day old and the 2 week old males for any of these three fitness components. These results are in somewhat better accordance with our alternative hypothesis, but the relatively weak and late occurring effects indicate that mate choice based on age may not be a viable strategy in this population.