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Genetic manipulation in potato withAgrobacterium rhizogenes

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Summary

Infection withAgrobacterium rhizogenes of wounded stems of potato cultivars grown in vitro caused localized prolific root formation (hairy-roots). The cells of these roots contained newly introduced DNA, not detected in normal potato, that was derived fromA. rhizogenes. Single transformed roots from the cultivars Majestic, Record and Maris Bard were regenerated into whole plants. Expression of the introduced genes caused stable alterations in plant development and tuber shape, which were retained under field conditions. The following conclusions were reached.

  1. (i)

    Probably any commercial potato cultivar, cultured under appropriate conditions, is amenable toA. rhizogenes-mediated genetic manipulation.

  2. (ii)

    TheA. rhizogenes-derived genes are convenient model genes for studying questions on structure and expression of transferred genes.

  3. (iii)

    A. rhizogenes-derived genes are of potential use to study the influence of specific genetic factors on complex biological processes such as potato development and tuberization.

Zusammenfassung

Infektion verwundeter Stengel in vitrogewachsenen Kartoffelsorten hatte lokale, proliferierende Wurzelbildung (haarige Wurzeln; Abb. 2A) zur Folge. Diese Wurzelzellen enthielten neu eingebrachte DNA, die nicht in normalen Kartoffeln entdeckt werden konnte, sondern aufA. rhizogenes zurückzuführen ist (Mechanismen vgl. Abb. 1). Einzelne umgebildete Wurzeln der Sorten Majestic, Record und Maris Bard wurden zu ganzen Pflanzen regeneriert (Abb. 2B, C). Die meisten der transformierten Pflanzen waren euploid (2n=4x=48; Abb. 2D). Der Ausdruck der eingebrachten Gene ergab stabile Veränderungen bei Pflanzenentwicklung und Knollengestalt (Abb. 2E), welche auch unter Feldbedingungen erhalten blieben (Abb. 2F, 3 und Tabelle 1). Daraus wurde geschlossen, dass (1) vermutlich jede kommerzielle Kartoffelsorte unter entsprechenden BedingungenAgrobacterium-vermittelter genetischer Veränderung zugänglich ist; (2) die vonA. rhizogenes abstammenden Gene konventionelle Modellgene zum Studium des Ausdrucks von Struktur, Kontrolle und Stabilität transferierter Gene sind; und (3) vonA. rhizogenes abstammende Gene von potentiellem Nutzen zum Studium des Einflusses spezifischer genetischer Faktoren auf komplexer biologischer Prozesse wie Knollenentwicklung und Knollenbildung sind. Vielleicht können Gene, wie die vonA. rhizogenes abgeleiteten T-DNA-Gene, welche kontrollierenden Einfluss auf die Pflanzenentwicklung und Knollenbildung zeigen, zur Hervorbringung von nützlichen Änderungen, die für bestimmte Kartoffellinien von Nutzen sind, verwendet werden.

Résumé

L'infection de tiges blessées de variétés de pommes de terre cultivées in vitro avecAgrobacterium rhizogenes a causé une prolifération localisée de racines (racines chevelues, Fig. 2A). Les cellules de ces racines contenaient du DNA nouvellement introduit, non décelable chez la pomme de terre non infectée, provenant deA. rhizogenes (pour le mécanisme voir Fig. 1). De simples racines modifiées génétiquement, issues des variétés Majestic, Record et Maris Bard, régénéraient des plantes entières (Fig. 2B-C).

La plupart des plantes régénérées étaient euploïdes 2n=4x=48 (Fig. 2D): les gênes introduits s'exprimaient par des modifications stables au niveau du développement de la plante et de la forme des tubercules (Fig. 2E), même dans les conditions du champ (Fig. 2F, 3 et tableau 1). On en concluait que (i) probablement n'importe quelle variété commerciale cultivée dans des conditions appropriées peut être soumise à des manipulations avecAgrobacterium comme médiateur; (ii) les gênes provenant deA. rhizogenes sont des modèles génétiques possibles pour étudier les questions concernant la structure, le contrôle et la stabilité de l'expression des gênes transférés. En outre, (iii) les gênes provenant d'A. rhizogenes constituent un matériel potentiel pour étudier l'influence des facteurs génétiques spécifiques sur des processus biologiques complexes tels que la croissance et la tubérisation de la pomme de terre.

Peut être que des gênes semblables aux gênes T-DNA deA. rhizogenes ont une influence sur le développement de la plante; peut être aussi que leur introduction occasionnerait des modifications bénéfiques, en particulier pour les lignées de pomme de terre.

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Ooms, G., Bossen, M.E., Burrell, M.M. et al. Genetic manipulation in potato withAgrobacterium rhizogenes . Potato Res 29, 367–379 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02359965

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