Abstract
Throughfall was studied in three even-aged sitka spruce stands in Denmark during the years 1989 to 1994. Deposition of sea salts dominated the fluxes of substances in varying degrees between years and sites. During the study period, non-marine S deposition did not change substantially. At the site most affected by animal husbandry, fluxes of NH4 + and NO3 − increased over the years. Elevated fluxes of TOC, K+, and PO4 3− occurred in the growing season due to canopy leaching caused by attacks by the green spruce aphid. Fluxes of Cl−, SO4 2−, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ were highest in the dormant season. Buffering of. pH was affected by the nitrogen dynamics in the canopy, and also, at least during the summer, by elevated levels of organic compounds.
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Pedersen, L.B., Hansen, K., Bille-Hansen, J. et al. Throughfall and canopy buffering in three sitka spruce stands in Denmark. Water Air Soil Pollut 85, 1593–1598 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00477208
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00477208