Abstract
Various reports of ionospheric responses during the August 1972 storm events are reviewed with respect to the phenomena in three major world sectors, N-S America, Afro-Europe, and Austro-Asia, in order to have a global picture. Emphasized highlights are (1) extensive investigation of the sudden increase of the total electron content estimated from Faraday-rotation measurements of satellite signals; (2) a dramatic upward surge above 300 km altitude, soon after a flare, measured by the Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar; (3) electron density profiles, electric fields and conductivities, and neutral winds, at the time of the geomagnetic storm sudden commencement and during the succeeding storms, measured by the Chatanika incoherent scatter radar; and, (4) approximately 2.5-h oscillatory F2 density variations in Eastern Asia during the F2 storm main phase. To show temporal variations of the latitudinal distributions of storm-time F2 electron densities, in three longitudinal sectors separated about 60° longitude each, newly investigated results of the F2 hourly data at 35 stations in the Asia-Australia-Pacific sector are then exhibited. Finally, current theories or at least theoretical ideas of ionospheric storm mechanisms are briefly introduced, and a few remarks on the August events in the light of those theories are presented.
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Special References
August 1972 solar activity and related geophysical effects (Compiled by J. A. McKinnon): 1972, NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL SEL-22, p. 122.
Preliminary compilation of data for retrospective world interval 26 July–14 August, 1972 (Compiled by J. V. Lincoln and H. I. Leighton): 1972, WDC-A for Solar-Terrestrial Physics Rep. UAG-21, pp. 128.
Collected data reports on August 1972 solar-terrestrial events (ed. by H. E. Coffey): 1973, WDC-A for Solar-Terrestrial Physics Rep. UAG-28, Pt. I–III, pp. 887.
Some observational results for the solar-terrestrial events in August 1972: 1972, Rep. Ionos. Space Res. Japan 26, 287–322.
Solar-terrestrial events in August 1972 (ed. by Y. Hakura): 1973, Rep. Ionos. Space Res. Japan 27, 145–189.
Solar-terrestrial disturbances of August, 1972: 1974, J. Radio Res. Lab. 21, 289–474.
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Matsushita, S. Ionospheric and thermospheric responses during August 1972 storms — A review. Space Sci Rev 19, 713–737 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00210648
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00210648