Photosynthetica 1999, 36(3):433-440 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1007080204112

Specific Degradation of D1 Protein during Exposure of Thylakoid Membranes to High Temperature in the Dark

A.K. Singh, G.S. Singhal

Exposure of thylakoid membranes to high temperature in dark leads to the degradation of D1 protein. Maximum degradation of D1 protein occurred at 45 °C. Using N-terminal specific D1 antibody, a 23 kDa fragment of D1 protein was detected. The degradation of D1 protein could be prevented both by radical scavengers and inhibitors of serine protease and metallo-protease. These results suggest that degradation of D1 protein during exposure of thylakoid membranes to high temperature in dark is catalyzed by protease.

Additional key words: antibody; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; protease; Triticum aestivum; wheat

Published: August 1, 1999  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Singh, A.K., & Singhal, G.S. (1999). Specific Degradation of D1 Protein during Exposure of Thylakoid Membranes to High Temperature in the Dark. Photosynthetica36(3), 433-440. doi: 10.1023/A:1007080204112
Download citation

References

  1. Arnon, D.I.: Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris.-Plant Physiol. 24: 1-15, 1949. Go to original source...
  2. Aro, E.-M., Hundal, T., Carlberg, I., Andersson, B.: In vitro studies on light-induced inhibition of Photosystem II and D1 protein degradation at low temperatures.-Biochim. biophys. Acta 1019: 269-275, 1990. Go to original source...
  3. Aro, E-M., Virgin, I., Andersson, B.: Photoinhibition of Photosystem II. Inactivation, protein damage and turnover.-Biochim. biophys. Acta 1143: 113-134, 1993. Go to original source...
  4. Asada, K.: Mechanisms of scavenging reactive molecules generated in chloroplasts under light stress.-In: Baker, N.R., Bowyer, J.R. (ed.): Photoinhibition of Photosynthesis: from Molecular Mechanisms to Field. Pp. 129-142. BIOS Scientific Publishers, Oxford 1994.
  5. Barbato, R., Frizzo, A., Rigoni, F., Giacometti, G.M.: Photoinduced degradation of the D1 protein in isolated thylakoids and various photosystem II particles after donor-site inactivations. Detection of a C-terminal 16 kDa fragment.-FEBS Lett. 304: 136-140, 1992. Go to original source...
  6. De las Rivas, J., Andersson, B., Barber, J.: Two sites of primary degradation of the D1 protein induced by acceptor or donor side photo-inhibition in photosystem II core complexes.-FEBS Lett. 301: 246-252, 1992. Go to original source...
  7. Georgakopoulos, J.H., Argyroudi-Akoyunoglou, J.H.: Implication of D1 degradation in phosphorylation-induced state transitions.-Photosynth. Res. 53: 185-195, 1997. Go to original source...
  8. Gounaris, K., Brain, A.P.R., Quinn, P.J., Williams, W.P.: Structural reorganization of chloroplast thylakoid membranes in response to heat stress.-Biochim. biophys. Acta 766: 198-208, 1984. Go to original source...
  9. Greenberg, B.M., Gaba, V., Mattoo, A.K., Edelman, M.: Identification of a primary in vivo degradation product of the rapidly-turning-over 32 kd protein of photosystem II.-EMBO J. 6: 2865-2869, 1987. Go to original source...
  10. Harlow, E., Lane, D.: Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual.-Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York 1988.
  11. Jansen, M.A.K., Depka, B., Trebst, A., Edelman, M.: Engagement of specific sites in the plastoquinone niche regulates degradation of the D1 protein in photosystem II.-J. biol. Chem. 268: 21246-21252, 1993. Go to original source...
  12. Jegerschöld, C., Virgin, I., Styring, S.: Light-dependent degradation of the D1 protein in photosystem II is accelerated after inhibition of the water splitting reaction.-Biochemistry 29: 6179-6186, 1990. Go to original source...
  13. Laemmli, U.K.: Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4.-Nature 227: 680-685, 1970. Go to original source...
  14. Mattoo, A.K., Hoffman-Falk, H., Marder, J.B., Edelman, M.: Regulation of protein metabolism: coupling of photosynthetic electron transport to in vivo degradation of the rapidly metabolised 32-kilodalton protein of the chloroplast membranes.-Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 81: 1380-1384, 1984. Go to original source...
  15. Mishra, N.P., Fatma, T., Mishra, R.K.: Protection of wheat chloroplasts from lipid peroxidation and loss of photosynthetic pigments by quercetin under strong illumination.-J. Plant Physiol. 140: 409-413, 1992. Go to original source...
  16. Mishra, N.P., Francke, C., van Gorkom, H.J., Ghanotakis, D.F.: Destructive role of singlet oxygen during aerobic illumination of the Photosystem II core complex.-Biochim. biophys. Acta 1186: 81-90, 1994. Go to original source...
  17. Mishra, N.P., Ghanotakis, D.F.: Exposure of a Photosystem II complex to chemically generated singlet oxygen results in D1 fragments similar to the ones observed during aerobic photoinhibition.-Biochim. biophys. Acta 1187: 296-300, 1994. Go to original source...
  18. Mishra, R.K., Singhal, G.S.: Function of photosynthetic apparatus of intact wheat leaves under high light and heat stress and its relationship with peroxidation of thylakoid lipids.-Plant Physiol. 98: 1-6, 1992. Go to original source...
  19. Miyao, M., Ikeuchi, M., Yamamoto, N., Ono, T.: Specific degradation of the D1 protein of photosystem II by treatment with hydrogen peroxide in darkness: Implications for the mechanism of degradation of the D1 protein under illuminatian.-Biochemistry 34: 10019-10026, 1995. Go to original source...
  20. Ono, T., Inoue, Y.: Removal of Ca by pH 3.0 treatment inhibits S2 to S3 transition in photosynthetic oxygen evolving system.-Biochim. biophys. Acta 973: 443-449, 1989. Go to original source...
  21. Prasil, O., Adir, N., Ohad, I.: Dynamics of photosystem II: mechanism of photoinhibition and recovery processes.-In: Barber, J. (ed.): The Photosystems: Structure, Function and Molecular Biology. Pp. 295-348. Elsevier, Amsterdam-London-New York-Tokyo 1992. Go to original source...
  22. Purcell, M., Leroux, G.D., Carpentier, R.: Interaction of the electron donor diphenylcarbazide with the herbicide-binding niche of Photosystem II.-Biochim. biophys. Acta 1058: 374-378, 1991. Go to original source...
  23. Salter, A.H., Virgin, I., Hagman, A., Andersson, B.: On the molecular mechanism of light-induced D1 protein degradation in photosystem II core particles.-Biochemistry 31: 3990-3998, 1992. Go to original source...
  24. Süss, K.-H., Yordanov, I.T.: Biosynthetic cause of in vivo acquired thermotolerance of photosynthetic light reactions and metabolic responses of chloroplasts to heat stress.-Plant Physiol. 81: 192-199, 1986. Go to original source...
  25. Vass, I., Styring, S., Hundal, T., Koivuniemi, A., Aro, E.-M., Andersson, B.: Reversible and irreversible intermediates during photoinhibition of photosystem II: Stable reduced QA species promote chlorophyll triplet formation.-Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 1408-1412, 1992. Go to original source...
  26. Virgin, I., Salter, A.H., Ghanotakis, D., Andersson, B.: Light-induced D1 protein degradation is catalysed by a serine-type protease.-FEBS Lett. 287: 125-128, 1991. Go to original source...
  27. Wagner, G.R., Youngman, R.J., Elstner, E.F.: Inhibition of chloroplast photo-oxidation by flavonoids and mechanisms of the antioxidative action.-J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 1: 451-460, 1988. Go to original source...
  28. Youngman, R.J.: Oxygen activation: Is the hydroxyl radical always biologically relevant?-Trends biochim. Sci. 9: 280-283, 1984. Go to original source...
  29. Zer, H., Prasil, O., Ohad, I.: Role of plastoquinol oxidoreduction in regulation of photochemical reaction center II D1 protein turnover in vivo.-J. biol. Chem. 269: 17670-17676, 1994. Go to original source...