Abstract
Congenitally athymic nude mice (nu/nu) and their phenotypically normal littermates (nu/+) were intraperitoneally infected with yeast cells of a strain of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. The nude mice developed a severe and generalized infection with an intense parasitism of several organs, accompanied by a low-grade of tissue reaction. The lesions were characterized by abundant yeast-like cells of the fungus, and in some animals, numerous hyphal forms could be well visualized. In control animals, infection was moderate, almost exclusively restricted to the area of inoculation, and the lesions presented few parasites surrounded by an inflammatory response. Filamentous forms of the fungus were never encountered in these animals.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Angulo-Ortega A. Discussion of Pathological Aspects. In: 1st Pan Amer Sympos Paracoccidioidomycosis, Medellin, 1971. Proceedings. Washington, PAHO, 1972. Scient Publ 254, p 142.
Arango M, Yarzábal L. T-cell dysfunction and hyperimmuno-globulinemia E in paracoccidioidomycosis. Mycopathologia 1982; 79:115–124.
Atkinson JB, McCurley TL. Pulmonary blatomycosis: filamentous forms in an immunocompromised patient with fulminanting respiratory failure. Hum Pathol 1983; 14:186–188.
Baker O, Braude AI. A study of stimuli leading to the production of spherules in coccidioidomycosis. J Lab Clin Med 1956; 47:169–181.
Biagioni LMV, Sadatsune T, Franco MF, Mattos MCFI. A comparative study of the immunoantigenicity of eight Paracoccidioides brasiliensis isolates. Rev Inst Med Tropical São Paulo 1986; 28:281–286.
Blalock JE. The immune system as a sensory organ. J Immunol 1984; 132:1067–1070.
Blumberg DD; Lodish HF. Changes in the messenger RNA population during differentiation of Dictyostelium discoideum Dev Biol 1980: 78:285–300.
Blumberg DD, Margolskee JP, Barklis E, Chung SN, Cohen NS, Lodish HF: Specific cell-cell contacts are essential for induction of gene expression during differentiation of Dictyostelium discoideum. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1982; 79:127–131.
Borelli D: Discussion of Pathological Aspects. In: 1st Pan Amer Sympos Paracoccidioidomycosis, Medellin, 1971. Proceedings. Washington, PAHO, 1972. Scient Publ 254, p 143.
Calich VLG, Singer-Vermes LM, Siqueira AM, Burger E: Susceptibility and resistance of inbred mice to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Br J Exp Pathol 1985; 66:585–594.
Deane MP, Moriearty PL, Thomaz N. Cell differentiation in trypanosomatids and other parasitic protozoa. In: Morel CM ed. Genes and antigens of parasites. A laboratory manual. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 1983: 11–21.
Defaveri J, Rezkallah-Iwasso MT, Franco MF. Experimental pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis in mice: morphology and correlation of lesion with humoral and cellular immune response. Mycopathologia 1982; 77:3–11.
Galgiani JN, Hayden R, Payne CM. Leukocyte effects on the dimorphism of Coccidioides immitis. J Infect Dis 1982; 146:56–63.
Kane J. Conversion of Blastomyces dermatitidis to the yeast form at 37 °C and 26 °C. J Clin Microbiol 1984; 20:594–596.
Kanetsuna F, Carbonell LM, Azuma I, Yamamura Y. Biochemical studies on the thermal dimorphism of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. J Bacteriol 1972; 110:208–218.
Kashino SS, Calich VLG, Burger E, Singer-Vermes LM. ‘In vivo’ and ‘in vitro’ characteristics of six Paracoccidioides brasiliensis strains. Mycopathologia 1985; 92:173–178.
Lacaz CS. South American Blastomycosis. An Fac Med Univ São Paulo 1956; 29:7–120.
Londero AT, Severo LC, Ramos CD. Small forms and hyphae of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in human tissue. Mycopathologia 1980; 72:17–19.
Miyaji M, Nishimura K. Granuloma formation and killing functions of granuloma in congenitally athymic nude mice infected with Blastomyces dermatitidis and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Mycopathologia 1983; 82:129–141.
Mok PWY, Greer DL. Cell-mediated immune response in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis. Clin Exp Immunol 1977; 28:89–98.
Moscardi M, Franco MF. Paracoccidioidomicose experimental do camundongo. I. Aspectos imunopathológicos da infecção intraperitoneal. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo 1980; 22:286–293.
Musatti CC, Rezkallah MT, Mendes E, Mendes NF. In vivo and in vitro evaluation of cell mediated immunity in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis. Cell Immunol 1976; 24:365–378.
Paris S, Duran S. Cyclic adenosine 3′, 5′, monophosphate (cAMP) and dimorphism in the pathogenic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Mycopathologia 1985; 92:115–120.
Paris S, Duran-Gonzalez S, Mariat F. Nutritional studies on Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: The role of organic sulfur in dimorphism. Sabouraudia 1985; 23:85–92.
Peraçoli MTS, Mota NGS, Montenegro MR. Experimental paracoccidioidomycosis in the syrian hamster. Morphology and correlation of lesions with humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Mycopathologia 1982; 79:7–17.
Ramírez Martínez JR. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: conversion of yeastlike forms into mycelia in submerged culture. J Bacteriol 1971; 105:523–526.
Restrepo AM. The ecology of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: a puzzle still unsolved. Sabouraudia 1985; 23:323–334.
Rippon JW. Dimorphism in pathogenic fungi. CRC Crit Rev Microbiol 1980; 8:39–97.
Robledo MA, Graybill JR, Ahrens J, Restrepo A, Drutz DJ, Robledo M. Host defense against experimental paracoccidioidomycosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1982; 125:563–567.
Salfelder K, Doehnert G, Doehnert HR. Paracoccidioidomycosis. Anatomic study with complete autopsies. Virchows Arch (A) 1969, 348:51–76.
San-Blas G, San-Blas F. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: cell wall structure and virulence. Mycopathologia 1977; 62:77–86.
San-Blas G. The cell wall of fungal human pathogens: its possible role in host-parasite relationships. A review. Mycopathologia 1982; 79:159–184.
Severo LC, Londero AT, Geyer GR, Porto NS. Acute pulmory paracoccidioidomycosis in an immunosuppressed patient. Mycopathologia 1979; 68:171–174.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kerr, I.B., Mendes da Silva, A.M., Drouhet, E. et al. Paracoccidioidomycosis in nude mice: Presence of filamentous forms of the fungus. Mycopathologia 101, 3–11 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00455663
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00455663