Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Beryllium-7 Deposition and Its Relation to Sulfate Deposition

  • Published:
Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Deposition of 7Be, a cosmogenic radionuclide, was observed at the Meteorological Research Institute in Tsukuba, Japan from 1986 to 1993 and compared with those of several chemical species observed in Tsukuba over the same period. We found a correlation between the monthly depositions of 7 Be and SO 24 -, a major acidic species. The correlation was especially strong for late spring and fall, when both species had high depositional fluxes. This correlation was also observed in precipitation samples collected daily in 1992 at the same site. The cause of this correlation is discussed in connection with the fact that the stratospheric aerosol is composed largely of SO 24 -. 7 Be is produced in the upper atmosphere, and detection of 7Be, especially in spring and fall in Japan, can be regarded as detection of stratospheric aerosol. However, we conclude that the bulk of the SO 24 - observed did not have a stratospheric or an upper tropospheric origin. The correlation, therefore, may present a new question regarding acidic deposition: Why does the deposition of stratospheric aerosol in Japan coincide with that of nss-SO 24 - originally from anthropogenic sources on the Earth's surface?

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abe, M., Kurotaki, K., Shibata, S., Takesita, H., and Abe, S., 1993: Trend analysis of ten years of changes in radioactive substances in the atmosphere at Chiba, Japan, Isotope Techniques in the Study of Past and Current Environmental Changes in the Hydrosphere and the Atmosphere, IAEA-SM329/8, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, pp. 35–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Akimoto, H. and Narita, H., 1994: Distribution of SO2, NOxand CO2 emissions from fuel combustion and industrial activities in Asia with 1° x 1° resolution, Atmos. Environ. 28, 213–225.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baskaran M., 1995: A search for the seasonal variability on the deposition fluxes of 7Be and 210Pb, J. Geophys. Res. 100, 2833–2840.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bluth, G. J., Schnetzler, C. C., Krueger, A. J., and Walter, L. S., 1993: The contribution of explosive volcanism to global atmospheric sulfur dioxide concentrations, Nature 366, 327–329.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brost, R. A., Feichter, J., and Heimann, M., 1991: Three-dimensional simulation of 7Be in a global climate model, J. Geophys. Res. 96, 22423–22445.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, L., Stensland, G. J., Klein, J., and Middleton, R., 1989: Atmospheric deposition of 7Be and 10Be, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 53, 135–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Browning, K. A. and Golding, B. W., 1995: Mesoscale aspects of a dry intrusion within a vigorous cyclone, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 121, 463–493.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crutzen, P. J., 1976: The possible importance of CSO for the sulfate layer of the stratosphere, 1976, Geophys. Res. Lett. 3, 73–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Danielsen, E., Bleck, R., Shedlovsky, J., Wartburg, A., Haagenson, P., and Pollock, W., 1970: Observed distribution of radioactivity, ozone, and potential vorticity associated with tropopause folding, J. Geophys. Res. 75, 2352–2361.

    Google Scholar 

  • Danielsen, E., 1980: Stratospheric source for unexpectedly large values of ozone over the Pacific Ocean during Gametag, August 1977, J. Geophys. Res. 85, 401–412.

    Google Scholar 

  • Delmas, R. J., 1992: Free tropospheric reservoir of natural sulfate, J. Atmos. Chem. 14, 261–271.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dibb, J. E., Meeker, L. D., Finkel, R. C., Southon, J. R., Caffee, M. W., and Barrie, L. A., 1994: Estimation of stratospheric input to the Arctic troposphere: 7Be and 10Be in aerosols at Alert, Canada, J. Geophys. Res. 99, 12855–12864.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doi, T., Hosomi, M., Mizoguchi, T., and Sato, J., 1993: Variation of atmospheric ozone and 7Be concentrations in Tsukuba district, Tenki 40, 827–834 (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dokiya, Y., Aoyama, M., Katsuragi, Y., Yoshimura, E., and Toda, S., 1987: Deposition of chemical components in Japan, The Chemistry of Acid Rain Sources and Atmospheric Processes, ACS symposium series 349, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., pp. 258–272.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dutkiewicz, V. A. and Husain, L., 1979: Determination of stratospheric ozone at ground level using 7Be/ozone ratios, Geophys. Res. Lett. 6, 171–174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dutkiewicz, V. A. and Husain, L., 1985: Stratospheric and tropospheric components of 7Be in surface air, J. Geophys. Res. 90, 5783–5788.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feely, H. W., Larsen, R. J., and Sanderson, C. G., 1989: Factors that cause seasonal variations in beryllium-7 concentrations in surface air, J. Environ. Radioactivity 9, 223–249.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fujita, S., 1996: An estimation for atmospheric sulfur budget over the Japanese Archipelago, Environmental Science 9, 185–199 (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Graustein, W. C. and Turekian, K. K., 1996: 7Be and 210Pb indicate an upper troposphere source for elevated ozone in the summertime subtropical free troposphere of the eastern North Atlantic, Geophys. Res. Lett. 23, 539–542.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harvey, M. J. and Matthews, K. M., 1989: 7Be deposition in a high-rainfall area of New Zealand, J. Atmos. Chem. 8, 299–306.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hara, H., Ito, E., Katou, T., Kitamura, Y., Komeiji, T., Oohara, M., Okita, T., Sekiguchi, K., Taguchi, K., Tamaki, M., Yamanaka, Y., and Yoshimura, K., 1990: Analysis of two-year results of acid precipitation survey within Japan, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 63, 2691–2697.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoell, J. M., Davis, D. D., Liu, S. C., Newell, R., Shipham, M., Akimoto, H., McNeal, R. J., Bendura, R. J., and Drewry, J. W., 1996: Pacific Exploratory Mission-West A (PEM-West A): September–October 1991, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 1641–1653.

    Google Scholar 

  • Igarashi, Y., Otsuji-Hatori, M., Hirose, K., 1996: Recent deposition of 90Sr and 137Cs observed in Tsukuba, J. Environ. Radioactivity 31, 157–169.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ishikawa, Y., Murakami, H., Sekine, T., and Yoshihara, K., 1995: Precipitation scavenging studies of radionuclides in air using cosmogenic 7Be, J. Environ. Radioactivity 26, 19–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Junge, C. E., 1963: Air Chemistry and Radioactivity, International Geophysics Series Vol. 4, Academic Press Inc., New York, U.S.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Junge, C. E., Chagnon, E.W., and Manson, J. E., 1961: Stratospheric aerosol, J.Meteorol. 18, 81–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kitamura, M., Sugiyama, M., Ohhashi, T., and Nakai, N., 1993: An estimation of the origin of sulfate ion in rain water in view of sulfur isotopic variations, Chikyukagaku 27, 109–118 (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kondo, K., Muramatsu, H., Kanda, Y., and Takahara, S., 1984: Particle size distribution of 7Be-aerosols formed in high energy accelerator tunnels, Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 35, 939–944.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kritz, M. A., Rosner, S. W., Danielsen, E. F., and Selkirk, H. B., 1991: Air mass origins and troposphere-to-stratosphere exchange associated with mid-latitude cyclogenesis and tropopause folding inferred from 7Be measurements, J. Geophys. Res. 96, 17405–17414.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lal, D., 1963: On the investigations of geophysical processes using cosmic ray produced radioactivity, Earth Science Meteoritics, North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam, pp. 115–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lal, D. and Suess, H. E., 1968: The radioactivity of the atmosphere and hydrosphere, Annual Rev. Nucl. Sci. 18, 407–434.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lambert, A., Grainger, R. G., Rodgers, C. D., Taylor, F. W., Mergenthaler, J. L., Kumer, J. B., and Massie, S. T., 1997: Global evolution of the Mt. Pinatubo volcanic aerosols observed by the infrared limb-sounding instruments CLAES and ISAMS on the upper atmosphere research satellite, J. Geophys. Res. 102, 1495–1512.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langner, J. and Rohde, H., 1991: A global Three-dimensional model of the tropospheric sulfur cycle, J. Atmos. Chem. 13, 225–263.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matsunami, T. and Megumi, K., 1994: Variation of 7Be concentrations in surface air and in deposition with the solar activity, Radioisotopes 43, 334–340 (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  • McCormick, M. P., Thomason, L.W., and Trepte, C.R., 1995: Atmospheric effects of the Mt. Pinatubo eruption, Nature 373, 399–404.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogawa, T., 1991: Taiki No Butsuri Kagaku (Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere), Tokyodo Shuppan, Tokyo, Japan (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogura, Y., 1984: Ippan Kishogaku (GeneralMeteorology), Tokyo Daigaku Shuppankai, Tokyo, Japan (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohizumi, T., Fukuzaki, N., and Kusakabe, M., 1997: Sulfur isotopic view on the sources of sulfur in atmospheric fallout along the coast of the Sea of Japan, Atmos. Environ. 31, 1339–1348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Okamoto, R., Ohoshima, H., Yamaguchi, T., Ozaki, Y., Kawakami, K., and Fujii, K., 1992: Chemical Monitoring of Precipitation in Tsukuba Area (1985–1990), Misc. Publ. Nat. Inst. Agro-Environ. Sci. No.13 (in Japanese).

  • Raisbeck, G. M., Yiou, F., Fruneau, M., Loiseaux, J. M., Lieuvin, M., and Ravel, J. C., 1981: Cosmogenic 10Be/7Be as a probe of atmospheric transport processes, Geophys. Res. Lett. 8, 1015–1018.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rangarajan, C. and Eapen, C.D., 1990: The use of natural radioactive tracers in a study of atmospheric residence times, Tellus 42B, 142–147.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reiter, E. R., 1978: Atmospheric Transport Processes Part 4: Radioactive Tracers, National Technical Information Center, U.S. Department of Energy, Springfield, Virginia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sato, J., Doi, T., Segawa, T., and Sugawara, S., 1994: Seasonal variation of atmospheric concentrations of 210Pb and 7Be at Tsukuba, Japan, with a possible observation of 210Pb originating from the 1991 eruption of Pinatubo volcano, Philippines, Geochem. J. 28, 123–129.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turco, R. P., Whitten, R. C., and Toon, O. B., 1982: Stratospheric aerosols: observation and theory, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 20, 233–279.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turekian, K.K. and Tanaka, N., 1992: The use of atmospheric cosmogenic 35S and 7Be in determining depositional fluxes of SO2, Geophys. Res. Lett. 19, 1767–1770.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turekian, K. K., Benninger, L. K., and Dion, E. P., 1983: 7Be and 210Pb total deposition fluxes at New Haven, Connecticut and at Bermuda, J. Geophys. Res. 88, 5411–5415.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uematsu, M. and Duce, R. A., 1994: Atmosphere beryllium-7 concentrations over the Pacific Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 561–564.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vizee, W. and Singh, H. B., 1980: The distribution of beryllium-7 in the tropososphere: implications on stratospheric/tropospheric air exchange, Geophys. Res. Lett. 7, 805–808.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warneck, P., 1988: Chemistry of the Natural Atmosphere, International Geophysics Series, Vol. 41, Academic Press Inc., California, U.S.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolff, G. T., Ferman, M. A., and Monson, P. R., 1979: The distribution of beryllium-7 within high pressure systems in the eastern United States, Geophys. Res. Lett. 6, 637–639.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, J. A. and Silker, W. B., 1980: Aerosol deposition velocities on the Pacific and Atlantic oceans calculated from 7Be measurements, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 50, 92–104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, M. V., Monk, G. A., and Browning, K. A., 1987: Interpretation of a rapidly deepening cyclone, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 113, 1089–1115.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geochemical Research Department, Meteorological Research Institute, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305, Japan

    Yasuhito Igarashi, Katsumi Hirose & Makiko Otsuji-Hatori

Authors
  1. Yasuhito Igarashi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Katsumi Hirose
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Makiko Otsuji-Hatori
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Igarashi, Y., Hirose, K. & Otsuji-Hatori, M. Beryllium-7 Deposition and Its Relation to Sulfate Deposition. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 29, 217–231 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005921113496

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005921113496

Search

Navigation