Water treatment of land-based fish farm effluents by outdoor culture of marine diatoms

Abstract

The feasibility of using fish farm effluents was evaluated as a source of inorganic nutrients for mass production of marine diatoms. Batch cultures were conducted from May to July 1995 in 16-L outdoor rectangular tanks, homogenized by gentle aeration (0.2 L _air L⁻¹ h⁻¹). The effluents from the two fish farms studied were both characterized by high concentrations of inorganic materials (NH₄-N, PO₄-;P, Si(OH)₄-Si) and were shown to support production of marine diatoms. Moreover, periodic measurements of inorganic matter levels in the cultures showed that clearance was efficacious (90% in 3–5 days). Water purification efficiency and culture productivity were further increased through appropriate nutrient balancing. When effluents were limited in silicate, addition of Na₂SiO₃ induced a significant increase in both diatom biomass and nutrient removal efficiency. In this case, up to 720 000 cell mL⁻¹ were produced dominated bySkeletonema costatum. By contrast, in effluents loaded with silicate, adjustment of the N:P:Si ratio by NH₄-N and PO₄-P supplementation then gave increased biomass production. In this case, the maximum cell density found was 450 000 cell mL⁻¹, dominated byChaetoceros spp.