Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The history of ecology: Achievements and opportunities, part one

  • Published:
Journal of the History of Biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Ainsworth, Geoffrey C. 1976. Introduction to the History of Mycology. Cambridge; Cambridge University Press. xi + 359pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1981. Introduction to the History of Plant Pathology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. xii + 315 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allan, Mea. 1977. Darwin and His Flowers: The Key to Natural Selection. London: Farber & Farber. 318 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allard, Dean C., Jr. 1967. “Spencer Fullerton Baird and the U.S. Fish Commission: A Study in the History of American Science.” Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University. xii + 424 pp. Reprint ed., New York: Arno Press, 1978.

  • Allee, W. C., Emerson, A. E., Park, O., Park, T., and Schmidt, K. P. 1949. Principles of Animal Ecology. Philadelphia: Saunders. xii + 837 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrewartha, H. G., and Birch, L. C. 1973. “The History of Insect Ecology.” In Smith, Mittler, and Smith 1973, pp. 229–266.

  • Anthony, Jean. 1974. “Henri Milne-Ewards (1800–85).” In Gillispie 1970–1980, IX, 407–409.

  • Bakker, Kornelius. 1981. “Terrestrial Animal Ecology in the Netherlands.” In Kormondy and McCormick 1981, pp. 234–245.

  • Bendall, D. S., Metcalfe, J. C., and Jardine, N. J. 1983. Evolution: From Molecules to Men. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benson, Norman G., ed. 1970. A Century of Fisheries in North America. Washington, D. C.: American Fisheries Society. ix + 330 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berg, Kaj. 1951. “The Content of Limnology Demonstrated by F.-A. Forel and August Thienemann on the Shore of Lake Geneva.” Internat. Assoc. Theoret. Appl. Limnol. Proc., 11: 41–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bergmann, Carl. 1847. “Ueber die Verhältnisse der Wärmeökonomie der Thiere zu ihrer Grösse.” Gött. Stud., 3:595–708 (Cited in Coleman 1979.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Birge, Edward A., and Juday, C. 1977. Limnology in Wisconsin. New York: Arno Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blair, W. Frank. 1977. Big Biology: The US/IBP. Stroudsburg, Pa.: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross. x + 261 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boffey, Philip M. 1976. “International Biological Program: Was It Worth the Cost and Effort?” Science, 193:866–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradley, W.H. 1963. “Paleolimnology.” In Frey 1963b, pp. 621–652.

  • Brandt, K. 1921. “Die zoologischen Arbeiten der Kieler Kommission, 1870–1920.” Festschr. Komm. wiss. Unters. dt. Meere Kiel, 76–194. (Cited in Damkaer and Mrozek-Dahl 1980.)

  • Brodhead, Michael J. 1980. “James C. Malin, 1893–1979.” Environ Rev. (ER), 4: 18–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burgess, Robert L. 1977. “The Ecological Society of America: Historial Data and Some Preliminary Analyses.” In Egerton 1977f, 24 pp.

  • 1981a. “Sources of Biographical Information on American Ecologists.” Ecol. Soc. Amer. Bull., 62:236–255.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burgess, Robert L. 1981b. “United States.” In Kormondy and McCormich 1981, pp. 67–101.

  • 1981c. “The Ecology Photograph, IV International Congress of Plant Sciences.” Ecol. Soc. Amer. Bull.62: 203–207.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burkhardt, Richard W. Jr. 1982. “Review of Thorpe 1979.” Isis, 73:123–124.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1983. “The Development of an Evolutionary Ethology.” Evolution: From Molecules to Men. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 429–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burkhardt, Richard W., Jr. Forthcoming. “Charles Darwin on Animal Behavior and Evolution.” In D. Kohn, forthcoming.

  • Burstyn, Harold L. 1968. “Science and Government in the Nineteenth Century: The Challenger Expedition and Its Report.” Inst. océanogr. Monaco Bull. spécial no. 2:603–613.

  • 1972. “Pioneering in Large-Scale Scientific Organization: The Challenger Expedition and Its Report. I. Launching the Expedition.” Roy. Soc. Edinb. Proc. (B), 72:47–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burstyn, Harold L. 1974. “John Murray (1841–1914).” In Gillispie 1970–1980, IX, 588–590.

  • Burstyn, Harold L. 1980. “Reviving American Oceanography: Frank Lillie, Wickliffe Rose, and the Founding of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.” In Sears and Merriman 1980, pp. 57–82.

  • Cairns, John Jr. ed. 1980. The Recovery Process in Damaged Ecosystems. Ann Arbor: Ann Arbor Science.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chisholm, Anne. 1972. Philosophers of the Earth: Conversations with Ecologists. New York: Dutton. xv +201 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, Carl. 1924–1926. Den danske Botaniks Histoire, med tilhørende Bibliografi. Copenhagen: Hagerups. 2 vols.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, Carl. 1932. “Eugenius Warming (1841–1924).” In Meisen 1932, pp. 156–160.

  • Chumley, James. 1910. “Bibliography of Limnological Literature.” In Murray and Pullar 1910, I, 659–753.

  • Cittadino, Eugene. 1980. “Ecology and the Professionalization of Botany in America, 1890–1905.” Stud. Hist. Biol., 4:171–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • omCittadino, Eugene. 1981. “Plant Adaptation and Natural Selection after Darwin: Ecological Plant Physiology in the German Empire, 1880–1900.” Doctoral dissertation, University of Wisconsin. iii + 260 pp.

  • Clements, Edith G.S. 1960. Adventures in Ecology: Half a Million Miles... from Mud to Macadam. New York: Pageant Press. 244 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clements, Frederic E. 1905. Research Methods in Ecology. Lincoln Neb.: University Publishing. xvii + 334 pp. Reprint ed., New York: Arno Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1916. Plant Succession: An Analysis of the Development of Vegetation. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution. xiii + 512 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clements, Frederic E., and Shelford, Victor E. 1939 Bio-ecology. New York: Wiley. vii + 425 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clements, Frederic E., Weaver, John E., and Hanson, Herbert C. 1929. Plant Competition: An Analysis of Community Functions. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution. xvi + 340 pp. Reprint ed., New York: Arno Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coe, Wesley R. 1932. “Biographical Memoir of Addison Emery Verrill, 1839–1926.” U.S. Nat. Acad. Sci., Biog. Mem., 14: 19–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coleman, William. 1979. “Bergmann's Rule: Animal Heat as a Biological Phenomenon.” Stud. Hist. Biol., 3: 67–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Colin, Patrick L. 1980. “A Brief History of the Tortugas Marine Laboratory and the Department of Marine Biology, Carnegie Institution of Washington.” In Sears and Merriman 1980, pp. 138–147.

  • Cook, Robert E. 1977. “Raymond Lindeman and the Trophic-Dynamic Concept in Ecology.” Science, 198: 22–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook, Sarah G. 1980. “Cowles Bog, Indiana and Henry Chandler Cowles (1869–1939): A Study in Historical Geography and the History of Ecology.” Unpublished, for the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. 70 pp.

  • Cox, David L. 1979. “Charles Elton and the Emergence of Modern Ecology.” Dortoral dissertation, Washington University. viii + 232 pp.

  • 1980. “A Note on the Queer History of ‘Niche.’”. Ecol. Soc. Amer. Bull., 61: 201–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crane, Diana. 1972. Invisible Colleges: Diffusion of Knowledge in Scientific Communities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. x + 213 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Currie, R. 1972. “Quantitative Investigations in Marine Biology.” Roy. Soc. Edinb. Proc. (B), 73: 239–245.

    Google Scholar 

  • Damkaer, David M., and Mrozek-Dahl, Tenge. 1980. “The Plankton-Expedition and the Copepod Studies of Friedrich and Maria Dahl.” In Sears and Merriman 1980, pp. 462–473.

  • Darwin, Charles R. 1862. On the Various Contrivances by which British and Foreign Orchids Are Fertilized by Insects, and on the Good Effects of Intercrossing. London: Murray. vi + 365 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis, David E., ed. 1974. Behavior as an Ecological Factor. Stroudsburg, Pa.: Dowen, Hutchinson & Ross. xvi + 390 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis, Richard C., comp. 1977. North American Forest History: A Guide to Archives and Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Clio Books. xxi + 377 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deacon, Margaret B. 1971. Scientists and the Sea, 1650–1900: A Study of Marine Science. New York: Academic Press. xvi + 445 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1978. Oceanography: Concepts and History. Stroudsburg, Pa.: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross. xvii + 395 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dean, J.R. 1966. Down to the Sea. A Century of Oceanography. Glasgow: Brown, Son & Ferguson. xvii + 128 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Graaff, Gerrit. 1981. “Republic of South Africa.” In Kormondy and McCormick 1981, pp. 485–510.

  • Desmond, Ray G. 1977. Dictionary of British and Irish Botanists and Horticulturists, including Plant Collectors and Botanical Artists. London: Taylor & Francis. xxvi + 747 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dexter, Ralph W. 1980. “The Annisquam Sea-side Laboratory of Alpheus Hyatt, Predecessor of the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, 1880–1886”. In Sears and Merriman 1980, pp. 94–100.

  • Dobbs, Arthur. 1750. “Concerning Bees, and Their Method of Gathering Wax and Honey”. Roy. Soc. Lond. Phil. Trans., 46: 536–549.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duff, Andrew G., and Lowe, Philip D. 1981. “Great Britain.” In Kormondy and McCormick 1981, pp. 141–156.

  • Edmondson, Yvette H. 1971. “Some Components of the Hutchinson Legend”. Limnol. Oceanog., 16: 157–161.

    Google Scholar 

  • Egerton, Frank N. 1962. “The Scientific Contributions of François Alphonse Forel, the Founder of Limnology”. Schweiz. Zeit. Hydrol., 24: 181–199.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1963. “The Birge-Juday Limnological Collection.” Wis. Acad. Rev., 10: 105–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • omEgerton, Frank N. 1973a. “John Harvey Lovell (1860–1939).” In Gillispie 1970–1980, VIII, 518.

  • 1973b. “Changing Concepts of the Balance of Nature.” Quart. Rev. Biol., 48: 322–350.

    Google Scholar 

  • omEgerton, Frank N. 1976. “Ecological Studies and Observations before 1900.” In Taylor and White 1976, pp. 311–351. Reprinted in Egerton 1977f.

  • 1977a. “A Bibliographical Guide to the History of General Ecology and Population Ecology.” Hist. Sci., 15: 189–215.

    Google Scholar 

  • , comp. 1977b. American Plant Ecology, 1897–1917. New York: Arno Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • , comp. 1977c. Ecological Phytogeography in the Nineteenth Century. New York: Arno Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • , comp. 1977d. Early Marine Ecology. New York: Arno Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • , comp. 1977e. Phytopathological Classics of the Nineteeth Century. New York: Arno Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • , comp. 1977f. History of American Ecology. New York: Arno Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • omEgerton, Frank N. 1978. “François Alphonse Forel (1841–1912).” In Gillispie 1970–1980, XV, 158–159.

  • 1979a. “Review of Worster 1977.” Isis, 70: 167–168.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1979b. “Hewett C. Watson, Great Britain's First Phytogeographer.” Huntia, 3: 87–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehrlich, Paul R., and Raven, Peter H. 1964. “Butterflies and Plants: A Study in Coevolution.” Evol., 18: 586–608.

    Google Scholar 

  • , and 1967. “Butterflies and Plants.” Sci. Amer., 216: 104–113.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenhart, Churchill. 1974. “Karl Pearson (1857–1936).” In Gillispie 1970–1980, X, 447–473.

  • Elster, Hans-Joachim. 1974. “History of Limnology.” Internat. Verein. Limnol. Mitt., 20: 7–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elton, Charles S. 1927. Animal Ecology. London: Sidgwick & Jackson. xx + 204 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1958. The Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants. New York: Wiley. 181 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1966. The Pattern of Animal Communities. New York: Wiley. 432 pp. orEmerson, Alfred E. 1960. “The Evolution of Adaptation in Population Systems.” In Tax 1960, I, 307–348.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, Mary Alice, and Evans, Howard E. 1970. William Morton Wheeler, Biologist. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. xii + 363.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, Richard I. 1975. Konrad Lorenz, the Man and His Ideas. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. xviii + 302 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forbes, Stephen A. 1977. Ecological Investigations. New York: Arno Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ford, E.B. 1969. “Ecological Genetics.” In Harré 1969, pp. 173–195.

  • Forel, François A. 1884. La fauna profonde des lacs Suisses. Lucerne: Société Helvétique des Sciences Naturelles. viii + 234 pp. Reprint ed., New York: Arno Press 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1901. Handbuch der Seenkunde: Allgemeine Limnologie. Stuttgart: Engelhorn. x + 249 pp. Reprint ed., New York: Arno Press 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forman, Richard T. 1980. “The Centre d'Etudes phytosociologiques et écologiques, with Perspectives on American Ecology.” Ecol. Soc. Amer. Bull., 61: 161–169.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foster, William D. 1965. A History of Parasitology. London: Livingstone. 202 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fretwell, Stephen D. 1975. “The Impact of Robert MacArthur on Ecology.” Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 6: 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frey, David G. 1963a. “Wisconsin: The Birge-Juday Era.” In Frey 1963b, pp. 3–54.

  • , ed. 1963b. Limnology in North America. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. xviii + 734 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frisch, Karl von. 1967a. A Biologist Remembers. Trans. Lisbeth Gombrich. New York: Pergamon Press. ix + 200 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1967b. The Dance Language and Orientation of Bees. Trans. Leigh E. Chadwick. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. xiv + 566 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Galtsoff, Paul S. 1962. The Story of the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. iii + 121 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghiselin, Michael T. 1969. The Triumph of the Darwinian Method. Berkeley: University of California Press. vii + 287 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1973. “Darwin and Evolutionary Psychology.” Science179: 964–968.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, Lawrence E. and Raven, Peter H., eds. 1975. Coevolution of Animals and Plants. Austin: University of Texas Press. xiii + 246 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gillispie, Charles C., ed. 1970–1980. Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner's. 16 vols.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gislén, Torsten. 1940. “Historical Notes on the Development of the Limnological Institute of Lund University.” Internat. Verein. Limnol. Verh., 9: 69–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Godwin, Harry. 1977. “Sir Arthur Tansley: The Man and the Subject. The Tansley Lecture, 1976.” J. Ecol., 65: 1–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Golley, Frank B., ed. 1977. Ecological Succession. Stroudsburg, Pa.: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross. xi + 373 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodland, R. J. 1975. “The Tropical Origin of Ecology: Eugen Warming's Jubilee.” Oikos, 26: 240–245.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grant, Verne. 1949. “Arthur Dobbs (1750) and the Discovery of the Pollination of Flowers by Insects.” Torrey Bot. Club Bull., 76: 217–219.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, Philip H. 1966. “Historical Notes on the Aerial Predator Reaction and the Tinbergen Hypothesis.” J. Hist. Behav. Sci., 2: 330–334.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1968. “The Early Animal Behaviorists: Prolegomenon to Ethology.” Isis, 59: 372–383.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haefner, James W. 1980. “Two Metaphors of the Niche.” Synthese, 43: 123–153.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harré, Rom, ed. 1969. Scientific Thought, 1900–1960: A Selective Survey. Oxford: Clarendon Press. viii + 277 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hasler, Arthur D. 1945. “This is the Enemy.” Science, 102: 431.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1946. “A War Time View of European Biological Stations.” Biologist, 28: 81–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1963. “Wisconsin, 1940–1961.” Limnology in North America. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 55–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1964. “Experimental Limnology”. BioSci., 14: 36–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1966. Underwater Guideposts: Homing of Salmon. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. xii + 155 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hasler, Arthur D., Scholz, Allan T., and Horrall, Ross M. 1978. “Olfactory Imprinting and Homing in Salmon.” Amer. Sci., 66: 347–355.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hecker (Gekker), Roman F. 1965. Introduction to Paleoecology. Trans. M. K. Elias and R. C. Moore. New York: American Elsevier. x + 166 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1970. “History and Contents of Paleoecology” [in Russian]. In Essays on the History of Ecology [in Russian], pp. 268–284. Moscow: Nauka.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedgpeth, Joel W. ed. 1957. Treatise on Marine Ecology and Paleoecology, vol. 1, Ecology, pp. 1–16. Washington, D.C.: N.R.C., N.A.S. (also Geol. Soc. Amer. Mem., 67). Reprinted 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herman, Alex, and Platt, Trevor. 1980. “Meso-scale Spatial Distribution of Plankton: Co-evolution of Concepts and Instrumentation.” In Sears and Merriman 1980, pp. 204–225.

  • Herrick, Francis H. 1909. “Natural History of the American Lobster.” U.S. Bur. Fish, Bull., 29: 149–408. Reprint ed., New York: Arno Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hiatt, Robert W., ed. 1963. World Directory of Hydrobiological and Fisheries Institutions. Washington, D.C.: American Institute of Biological Sciences. viii + 320 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Howard, Eliot. 1964. Territory in Bird Life. 2nd ed. New York: Atheneum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Howard, Leland O. 1934. Biographical Memoir of Stephen Alfred Forbes, 1844–1930. U.S. Nat. Acad. Sci. Biog. Mem., 15: 1–25. Reprinted in Forbes 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hutchinson, G. Evelyn. 1973. “Eutrophication: The Scientific Background of a Contemporary Practical Problem.” Amer. Sci., 61: 269–279.

    Google Scholar 

  • . 1978. An Introduction to Population Ecology. New Haven: Yale University Press. xi + 260 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1979. The Kindly Fruits of the Earth: Recollections of an Embryo Ecologist. New Haven: Yale University Press. xiii + 264 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huxley, Julian, and Fisher, James. 1964. “Foreword” [and] “A Bibliography of Bird Territory.” Territory in Bird Life. 2nd ed. New York: Atheneum, pp. 7–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Idyll, Clarence P., ed. 1969. Exploring the Ocean World: A History of Oceanography. New York: Crowell. viii + 280 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jack, Homer A. 1945. “Biological Field Stations of the World.” Chron. Bot., 9: 1–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, W. Carter, and French, Norman R. 1981. “Soviet Union.” In Kormondy and McCormick 1981, pp. 343–383.

  • Johnstone, James. 1908. Conditions of Life in the Sea: A Short Account of Quantitative Marine Biological Research. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. xiv + 332 pp. Reprint ed., New York: Arno Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, Lawrence J. 1975. “Christian Konrad Sprengel (1975–1816).” In Gillispie 1970–1980, XII, 587–591.

  • Kingsland, Sharon. 1981. “Modelling Nature: Theoretical and Experimental Approaches to Population Ecology, 1920–1950.” Doctoral dissertation, University of Toronto.

  • . 1981. “The Refractory Model: The Logistic Curve and the History of Population Ecology.” Quart. Rev. Biol., 57:29–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • . 1897. “On Some Important Sources of Error in the Plankton Method.” Science, 6:829–832.

    Google Scholar 

  • . 1903. “The Plankton of the Illinois River, 1894–1899, with Introductory Notes upon the Hydrography of the Illinois River and Its Basin. Part I. Quantitative Investigations and General Results.” Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist. Bull., 6: 95–635. Reprinted separately, New York: Arno Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • . 1910. The Biological Stations of Europe. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. xiii + 360.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohn, Alan J. 1971. “Phylogeny and Biogeography of Hutchinsonia: G.E. Hutchinson's Influence Through His Doctoral Students.” Limnol. Oceanog., 16: 162–163, 173–177.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohn, David, ed. Forthcoming. The Darwinian Heritage. Wellington, N.Z.: Nova Pacifica.

  • Kormondy, Edward J. and McCormick, J.F., eds. 1981. Handbook of Contemporary Developments in World Ecology. Westport, Ct.: Greenwood Press. xxviii + 776 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kozlovsky, D.G. 1968. “A Critical Evaluation of the Trophic Level Concept: Ecological Efficiencies.” Ecology, 49:48–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kühnelt, Wilhelm. 1981. “Austria.” In Kormondy and McCormick 1981, pp. 105–118.

  • Lack, David L. 1943. The Life of the Robin. London: Witherby. 200 pp. 2nd ed., 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1947. Darwin's Finches: An Essay on the General Biological Theory of Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Reprint ed., New York: Harper Torchbook, 1961. x + 204 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1949. “The Position of the Edward Grey Institute, Oxford.” Bird Note, 23: 231–236.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1954. The Natural Regulation of Animal Numbers. Oxford: Clarendon Press. viii+343 pp. Reprinted 1967; Russian trans. 1957.

    Google Scholar 

  • , ed. 1957. Treatise on Marine Ecology and Paleoecology. Vol. 2, Paleoecology. Washington, D.C.: N.R.C., N.A.S. (also Geol. Soc. Amer. Mem., 67). Reprinted 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ladd, Harry S., and Gunter, Gordon. 1957. “Development of Marine Paleoecology.” Treatise on Marine Ecology and Paleoecology. Vol. 2, Paleoecology. Washington, D.C.: N.R.C., N.A.S. pp. 67–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lassimer, L., ed. 1975. Some Aspects of Botanical Research in the Estonian S.S.R. Tartu: Academy of Sciences in the Estonian S.S.R.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lauff, George H. 1963. “A History of the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography.” Limnology in North America. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 667–682.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lauff, George H., and Reichle, David. 1979. “Experimental Ecological Reserves.” Ecol. Soc. Amer. Bull., 60:4–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levins, Richard, and Lewontin, Richard. 1980. “Dialectics and Reductionism in Ecology.” Synthese, 43:47–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lillie, Frank R. 1944. The Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ix + 284 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linklater, Eric. 1972. The Voyage of the Challenger. Garden City; N.Y.: Doubleday. 288 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd, P.J. 1967. “American, German and British Antecedents to Pearl and Reed's Logistic Curve.” Pop. Stud., 21:99–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lorenz, Konrad S. 1970–1971. Studies in Animal and Human Behavior. 2 vols. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1981. The Foundations of Ethology. Trans. Lorenz and Robert W. Kickert. New York: Springer-Verlag. xvii + 380 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lowe, P.D. 1976. “Amateurs and Professionals: The Institutional Emergence of British Plant Ecology.” Soc. Bibliog. Nat. Hist. J., 7:517–535.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lussenhop, John. 1974. “Victor Hensen and the Development of Sampling Methods in Ecology.” J. Hist. Biol., 7:319–337.

    Google Scholar 

  • Macfadyen, Amyan. 1948. “The Meaning of Productivity in Biological Systems.” J. Animal Ecol., 17:75–80. Reprinted in Weigert 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGinnies, William G. 1981. Discovering the Desert: Legacy of the Carnegie Desert Botanical Laboratory. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. 276 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • McHugh, J.L. 1970. “Trends in Fishery Research.” A Century of Fisheries in North America, Washington, D.C.: American Fisheries Society. pp. 25–56. Reprinted in Egerton 1977f.

    Google Scholar 

  • McIntosh, Robert P. 1974. “Plant Ecology, 1947–1972.” Missouri Bot. Gard. Ann.61:132–165.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1975. “H.A. Gleason—‘Individualistic Ecologist,’ 1882–1975: His Contributions to Ecological Theory.” Torrey Bot. Club Bull., 102:253–273. Reprinted in Egerton 1977f.

    Google Scholar 

  • omMcIntosh, Robert P. 1976. “Ecology Since 1900.” In Taylor & White 1976, pp. 353–372. Reprinted in Egerton 1977f.

  • , ed. 1978. Phytosociology. Stroudsburgh, Pa.: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross. xiii + 388 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1980a. “The Relationship between Succession and the Recovery Process in Ecosystems.” The Recovery Process in Damaged Ecosystems. Ann Arbor: Ann Arbor Science, pp. 11–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1980b. “The Background and some Current Problems of Theoretical Ecology.” Synthese, 43:195–255.

    Google Scholar 

  • omMcIntosh, Robert P. 1981. “Succession and Ecological Theory.” In Shugart and Botkin 1981, pp. 11–23.

  • 1983. “Pioneer Support for Ecology.” BioScience, 33:107–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maguire, Bassett. 1975. “Henry Allan Gleason, January 2, 1882–April 21, 1975.” Torrey Bot. Club Bull., 102:274–277.

    Google Scholar 

  • Major, Jack. 1969. “Historical Development of the Ecosystem Concept.” In Van Dyne 1969, pp. 9–22.

  • Malin, James C. 1967. The Grassland of North America: Prolegomena to Its History, with Addenda and Postscript. 3rd ed Gloucester, Mass: Peter Smith. viii + 490 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayr, Ernst. 1973. “In Appreciation of David Lack.” Ibis, 115:432–434.

    Google Scholar 

  • . 1975. “Carl Gottfried Semper (1832–93).” Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner's. XII, 299.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merriam, C. Hart. 1974. Selected Works, ed. Keir B. Sterling. New York: Arno Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merriman, Daniel. 1968. “Speculations on Life at the Depths: A XIXth-Century Prelude.” Inst. océanogr. Monaco Bull. spécial no. 2:377–385.

  • . 1976. “George Charles Wallich (1815–99).” Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner's, XIV, 145–146.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mertz, David B., and McCauley, David E. 1980. “The Domain of Laboratory Ecology.” Synthese, 43:95–110.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mills, Eric L. 1978. “Edward Forbes, John Gwyn Jeffreys, and British Dredging before the Challenger Expedition.” Soc. Bibliog. Nat. Hist. J., 8:507–536.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mills, Harlow B. et al. 1958. “A Century of Biological Research.” Ill. Nat. Hist. Surv. Bull., 27, no. 2 [entire issue]: 80–103. Reprinted separately, New York: Arno Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mortimer, C.H. 1956. “E. A. Brige, an Explorer of Lakes.” In Sellery 1956, pp. 163–211.

  • Moss, C.E. 1910. “The Fundamental Units of Vegetation: Historical Development of the Concepts of the Plant Association and the Plant Formation.” New Phytologist, 9:18–53. Reprinted in McIntosh 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullen, Pierce C. 1973. “Charles Atwood Kofoid (1865–1947).” Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner's, VII, 447.

    Google Scholar 

  • Müller, D. 1976. “Johannes Eugenius Bülow Warming (1841–1924).” Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner's. XIV, 181–182.

    Google Scholar 

  • Müller, Hermann. 1883. The Fertilization of Flowers. Trans. D. W. Thompson. London Macmillan. xii + 669 pp. Reprint ed., New York: Arno Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray, John. 1895. Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the Years 1872–76... A Summary of the Scientific Results, First Part. Edinburgh: Majesty's Stationery Office. Partically reprinted, New York: Arno Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray, John, and Pullar, Laurence. 1910. Bathymetrical Survey of the Scottish Fresh-Water Lochs conducted...During the Years 1897 to 1909. Vol. 1; Report on the Scientific Results. Edinburgh: Challenger Office. lviii + 785 pp. Reprint ed., New York: Arno Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, Gareth. 1978. “From Candolle to Croizat: Comments on the History of Biogeography.” J. Hist. Biol., 11:269–305.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson, Max. 1970. The Environmental Revolution: A Guide for the New Masters of the World. New York: McGraw-Hill. 336 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nisbett, Alec. 1977. Konrad Lorenz. New York: Harcout Brace Jovanovich. xiii + 240 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Novikov, Georgii Aleksandrovich. 1980. Sketch of the History of Animal Ecology [in Russian]. Leningrad: Nauka. 287 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Odum, Eugene P. 1968. “Energy Flow in Ecosystems: A Historical Review.” Amer. Zool., 8:11–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Odum, Howard T. 1960. “Ecological Potential and Analogue Circuits for the Ecosystem.” Amer. Sci., 48:1–8. Reprinted in Shugart and O'Neill 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oesterling, H.C. 1934. “Bibliography of Stephen Alfred Forbes.” U.S. Nat. Acad. Sci. Biog. Mem., 15:26–54. Reprinted in Forbes 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oppenheimer, Jane M. 1980. “Some Historical Backgrounds for the Establishment of the Stazions Zoologica at Naples.” In Sears and Merriman 1980, pp. 179–187.

  • Overfield, Richard A. 1975. “Charles E. Bessey: The Impact of the ‘New’ Botany on American Agriculture, 1880–1910.” Tech. Cult., 16:162–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1979. “Trees for the Great Plains: Charles E. Bessey and Forestry.” J. Forest Hist., 23:18–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pammel, Louis H. 1893. Flower Ecology. Carroll, Iowa: Hungerford. 156 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1903. Ecology. Carroll, Iowa: Hungerford. ix + 360 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • omPammel, Louis H. 1927–1928. Prominent Men I Have Met. No. 3; Dr. William Trelease. 84 pp. No. 6; Dr. Charles Edwin Bessey. 30 pp. Ames: author.

  • Patten, B.C., and Auble, G.T. 1980. “Systems Approach to the Concept of Niche.” Synthese, 43:155–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pearl, Raymond, and Reed, L.J. 1920. “On the Rate of Growth of the Population of the United States since 1790 and Its Mathematical Representation.” U.S. Nat. Acad. Sci. Proc., 6:275–288.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pound, Roscoe, and Clements, Frederic E. 1900. Phytogeography of Nebraska. 2nd ed. Lincoln, Neb.: The Seminar. 443 pp. Reprint ed., New York: Arno Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raitt, Helen, and Moulton, Beatrice. 1967. Scripps Institution of Oceanography: First Fifty Years. Los Angeles: Ward Ritchie Press. xix + 217 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rehbock, Philip F. 1975. “Huxley, Haeckel, and the Oceanographers: The Case of Bathybius haeckelii.” Isis, 66:504–533.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1979a. “The Early Dredgers: ‘Naturalizing’ in British Seas, 1830–1850.” J. Hist. Biol., 12:293–368.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1979b. Edward Forbes (1815–1854) — An Annotated List of Published and Unpublished Writings.” Soc. Bibliog. Nat. Hist. J., 9:171–218.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1983. The Philosophical Naturalists: Themes in Early Nineteenth British Biology, Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rice, A.L., Burstyn, Harold L., and Jones, A.G.E. 1976. “G.C. Wallich M.D. — Megalomaniac or Misused Oceanographic Genius?” Soc. Bibliog. Nat. Hist. J., 7:423–450.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rice, A.L., and Wilson, J.B. 1980. “The British Association Dredging Committee: A Brief History.” In Sears and Merriman 1980, pp. 373–385.

  • Richard, G. 1973. “The Historical Development of Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Studies on the Behavior of Insects.” In Smith, Mitter, and Smith 1973, pp. 477–502.

  • Rigler, F.H. 1975. “Chemical Limnology: Nutrient Kinetics and the New Typology.” Internat. Verein. Limnol. Verh., 19:197–210.

    Google Scholar 

  • Risser, Paul G., Birney, E.C., Blocker, H.D., May, S.W., Parton, W.J., and Wiens, J.A. 1981. The True Prairie Ecosystem. Stroudsburg, Pa.: Dowden Hutchinson & Ross. xv + 557 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodhe, Wilhelm. 1974. “The International Association of Limnology: Creation and Functions.” Internat. Verein. Limnol. Mitt., 20:44–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • . 1975. “President's Lecture: The SIL Founders and Our Fundament.” Internat. Verein. Limnol. Verh., 19:16–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roe, Keith E., and Frederick, Richard G. 1981. Dictionary of Theoretical Concepts in Biology. Methuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press. xli + 267 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenvinge, L. Kolderup, et al. 1927. “Eugenius Warming, 3. November 1841–2. April 1924.” Bot. Tidsskr., 39:1–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roux, Edward. 1969. Grass: A Story of Frankenwald. Oxford: Oxford University Press. xix + 212 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruse, Michael. 1973. The Philosophy of Biology. London: Hutchinson. 231 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sachse, Nancy D. 1965. A Thousand Ages: The University of Wisconsin Arboretum. Madison: University of Wisconsin Regents. xi + 151 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlee, Susan, 1973. The Edge of an Unfamiliar World: A History of Oceanography. New York: Dutton. 398 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • , 1978. On Almost Any Wind: The Saga of the Oceanographic Research Vessel Atlantis. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. 301 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • omSchlee, Susan, 1980. “The R/V Atlantis and Her First Oceanographic Institution.” In Sears & Merriman 1980, pp. 49–56.

  • Schmid, Rudolf. 1975. “Two Hundred Years of Pollination Biology: An Overview.” Biologist, 57:26–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schultz, Vincent, Eberhardt, L.L., Thomas, J.M., and Cochran, M.I. 1976. A Bibliography of Quantitative Ecology. Stroudsburg, Pa.: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross. 371 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scudo, Francesco M., and Ziegler, James R. 1976. Vladimir Aleksandrovich Kostitzin and Theoretical Ecology. Theoret. Pop. Biol., 10:395–412.

    Google Scholar 

  • , and eds. 1978. The Golden Age of Theoretical Ecology: 1923–40. A collection of Works by Volterra, Kostitzin, Lotka, and Kolmogoroff. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. xi + 490 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sears, Mary, and Merriman, Daniel, eds. 1980. Oceanography: The Past. New York: Springer-Verlag. xx + 812 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seddon, George. 1974. “Xerophytes, Xeromorphs and Sclerophylls: The History of Some Concepts in Ecology.” Linn. Soc. London Biol. J., 6:65–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sellery, G.C. 1956. E.A. Birge, a Memoir. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. vii + 221 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Semper, Karl G. 1881. Animal Life as Affected by the Natural Conditions of Existence. New York: Appleton. xvi + 472 pp. Reprint ed., New York: Arno Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheail, John. 1976. Nature in Trust: The History of Nature Conservation in Britain. Glasgow: Blackie. xiv + 270. pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shelford, Victor E. 1913. Animal Communities in Temperate America, as Illustrated in the Chicago Region. Chicago: Geographical Society of Chicago. 2nd ed., 1937. xiii + 368 pp. Reprint ed., New York: Arno Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1963. The Ecology of North America. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. xxii + 610 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shimwell, David W. 1971. The Description and Classification of Vegetation. Seattle: University of Washington Press. xiv + 322 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shor, Elizabeth N. 1976. “Addison Emery Verrill (1839–1926).” In Gillispie, Charles C. ed. Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner's. XIV, 1–2.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1978. Scripps Institution of Oceanography: Probing the Oceans, 1936 to 1976. San Diego: Tofua Press. x + 502 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1980. “The Role of T. Wayland Vaughan in American Oceanography.” In Sears, Mary, and Merriman, Daniel, eds. Oceanography: The Past. New York: Springer-Verlag. pp. 127–137.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shugart, Herman H., and Botkin, D.B., eds. 1981. Forest Succession Comcepts and Applications. New York: Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shugart, Herman H. and O'Neill, R.V., eds. 1979. Systems Ecology. Stroudsburg, Pa.: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross. xiii + 369 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simberloff, Daniel. 1980. “A Succession of Paradigms in Ecology: Essentialism to Materialism and Probabilism [and] Reply.” Synthese, 43:3–39, 79–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sjörs, Hugo. 1981. “Sweden.” In Kormondy, Edward J. and McCormick, J.F., eds. Handbook of Contemporary Developments in World Ecology. Westport, Ct.: Greenwood Press. pp. 303–312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smit, Pieter. 1974. History of the Life Sciences: An Annotated Bibliography. Amsterdam. N.Y.: Asher, Hafner. xiv pp. + 1036 cols. + pp. 1037–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, Ray F., Mittler, T. E., and Smith, C. N., eds. 1973. History of Entomology. Palo Alto: Annual Reviews. vii + 517 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Söderqvist, Thomas. 1981. “The Socio-Historical Background of the Swecon Project.” 30 pp. mimeo. From the author, Department of Biology, Roskilde University, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sparks, John. 1982. The Discovery of Animal Behavior. Boston: Little, Brown.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sprugel, Douglas G. 1980. “A ‘Pedagogical Genealogy‘ of American Plant Ecologists.” Ecol. Soc. Amer. Bull., 61:197–200.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sterling, Keir B., ed. 1974a. Selections from the Literature of American Biogeography. New York: Arno Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • , ed. 1974b. Last of the Naturalists: the Career of C. Hart Merriam. New York: Arno Press. xv + 478 pp. 2nd ed., 1977. xii + 472 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stoddard, Herbert L. 1969. Memoirs of a Naturalist. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. xix + 303 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stokes, Allen W., ed. 1974. Territory. Stroudsburg, Pa.: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross. xiii + 398 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tamarin, Robert H., ed. 1978. Population Regulation. Stroudsburg, Pa.: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross. xiii + 391 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tansley, Arthur G. 1947. “The Early History of Modern Plant Ecology in Britain.” J. Ecol., 35:130–137.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tax, Sol, ed. 1960. Evolution after Darwin. 3 vols. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, Benjamin J., and White, T.J., eds. 1976. Issues and Ideas in America. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. x + 380 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thienemann, August F. 1950. “Wesen und Bedeutung der Limnologie.” Oikos, 2:149–161.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1959. Erinnerungen und Tagebuchblätter eines Biologen. Ein Leben im Dienste der Limnologie. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. iv + 499 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, K. Bryn. 1971. “William Benjamin Carpenter (1813–85).” In Gillispie, Charles C., ed. Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner's. III, 87–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, Phillip D. 1976. “Sir Charles Wyville Thomson (1830–82).” In Gillispie, Charles C., ed. Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner's. XIII, 360–361.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thorpe, William H. 1974. “David Lambert Lack, 1910–1973, Elected F.R.S. 1951.” Roy. Soc. Lond. Biog. Mem. Fellows, 20:271–293.

    Google Scholar 

  • 1979. The Origins and Rise of Ethology, the Science of the Natural Behavior of Animals. New York: Praeger. xi + 174 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tikhomirov, V.V. 1970. “Lev Simonovich Berg (1876–1950).” In Gillispie, Charles C., ed. Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner's. I, 621–624.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tinbergen, Niko. 1958. Curious Naturalists. London: Country Life. Reprint ed., Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1968, xiii + 301 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • . 1969. “Ethology.” In Harré, Rom, ed. Scientific Thought, 1900–1960: A Selective Survey. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 238–268.

    Google Scholar 

  • . 1972. The Animal in Its World: Explorations of an Ethologist, 1932–1972. 2 vols. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. 343 + 230 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • . 1973. “In Appreciation of David Lack.” Ibis, 115:439–441.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tobey, Ronald C. 1981. Saving the Prairies: The Life Cycle of the Founding School of American Plant Ecology, 1895–1955. Berkeley: University of California Press. x + 315 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trass, H. H. 1975. “Some Classification Problems in Scandinavian Phytocoenology.” Some Aspects of Botanical Research in the Estonian S.S.R. Tartu: Academy of Sciences in the Estonian S.S.R., pp. 188–236.

    Google Scholar 

  • . 1983. Geobotany: History and Modern Trends of Development. W. Carter Johnson, ed.; trans. J. R. Johnson and W. C. Johnson. Stroudsburg, Pa.: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross.

    Google Scholar 

  • Traverse, Alfred. 1974. “Paleopalynology, 1947–1972.” Missouri Bot. Gard. Ann., 61:203–236.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Pas, Peter W. 1973. “Paul Erich Otto Wilhelm Knuth (1854–1900).” In Gillispie, Charles C., ed. Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner's. VII, 417–418.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Valk, A.G. 1975. “The History of Plant Ecology in Iowa as Reflected in the Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science.” Iowa Acad. Sci. Proc., 82: 65–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Dyne, George M., ed. 1969. The Ecosystem Concept in Natural Resource Management. New York: Academic Press. xiii + 383 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Oye, Paul. 1967. Geschiedenis van de Ontwikkeling der Hydrobiologie in Belgie. Brussels: Paleis der Academien. 175 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Steenis, C.G.G.J. 1976. “Melchoir Treub (1851–1910).” In Gillispie 1970–1980, XIII, 458–460.

  • Vaughan, T. Wayland, ed. and principal author. 1937. International Aspects of Oceanography: Oceanographic Data and Provisions for Oceanographic Research. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Science. xvii + 225 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verrill, Addison E. 1873. “Report upon the Invertebrate Animals of Vineyard Sound and the Adjacent Waters, with an Account of Physical Characters of the Region.” In U.S. Fish Commission Report for 1871–72, pp. 259–778.

  • Ward, Ritchie. 1974. Into the Ocean World: The Biology of the Sea. New York: Knopf. xvii + 323 + viii pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • White, James T., et al. 1944. “Francis Hobart Herrick.” In National Cyclopaedic of American Biography, XXXI, 276–277.

  • Whitrow, Magda, ed. 1971–1976. Isis Cumulative Bibliography: A Bibliography of the History of Science Formed from Isis Critical Bibliographies 1–90, 1913–65. London: Mansell. 3 vols.; vol. 4 forthcoming.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whittaker, Robert H. 1962. “Classification of Natural Communities.” Bot. Rev., 28:1–239. Reprint ed., New York: Arno Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whittaker, Robert H., and Levin, Simon A., eds. 1975. Niche: Theory and Application. Stroudsburg, Pa.: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross. xv + 448 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiegert, Richard G., ed. 1976. Ecological Energetics. Stroudsburg, Pa.: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross. xv + 457 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, Edward O. 1971. The Insect Scoieties. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. xi + 548 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winsor, Mary P. 1972. “Stephen Alfred Forbes (1844–1930).” In Gillispie, Charles C., ed. Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner's. V, 69–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Worster, Donald. 1977. Nature's Economy: The Roots of Ecology. San Francisco: Sierra Club. xii + 404 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Worthington, E.B., ed. and principal author. 1975. The Evolution of IBP. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. xx + 268 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yonge, C.M. 1956. “Development of Marine Biological Laboratories.” Sci. Prog., 44:1–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeijlstra, H.H. 1959. Melchior Trebu: Pioneer of a New Era in the History of the Malay Archipelago. Amsterdam: Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen. 128 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zinn, Donald J. 1980. “Alexander Agassiz (1835–1910) and the Financial Support of Oceanography in the United States.” In Gillispie, Charles C., ed.. Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner's, pp. 83–93.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Social Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, 53141, Kenosha, Wisconsin

    Frank N. Egerton

Authors
  1. Frank N. Egerton
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Egerton, F.N. The history of ecology: Achievements and opportunities, part one. J Hist Biol 16, 259–310 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00124700

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00124700

Search

Navigation