Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Accumulation of zeatin O-glycosyltransferase in Phaseolus vulgaris and Zea mays following cold stress

  • Published:
Plant Growth Regulation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Zeatin O-glycosides have been reported as inactive and stable storage forms of cytokinins whose concentrations increase in cold stressed plants. Zeatin O-glycosides accumulation in developing bean seeds has been correlated with an increase of zeatin O-glycosyltransferase , which is specific to trans-zeatin, and catalyzes the conjugation of zeatin O-glycosides. When Phaseolus vulgaris and Zea mays seedlings were grown for 3 days at 25 and then incubated at 4 or 10 for 6 days no further growth was observed in roots. Hypertrophy was observed in the root tips of both species. In shoot-hypocotyl complexes, in contrast, growth occurred when seedlings were incubated at 10 . Western analysis, with Mabs specific to zeatin O-glycosyltransferase, detected antigenically related proteins in roots, shoot tips and cotyledons after seedlings were cold stressed for 1–6 days at 4 or 10 . Immunolocalization, of both maize and bean root sections grown at 25 revealed antigenically related proteins that were detected at low levels in cortical cells. The signal intensified upon cold stress. The localization of zeatin O-glycosyltransferase in Z. mays root tips was directly comparable to the distribution of the zeatin O-glycosides. The enzyme was detected in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and closely associated with the plasma membrane and in the cell wall of Z. mays root cells. Southern analysis suggested that more than one gene in Z. mays that were homologous to zeatin O-glycosyltransferase in P. vulgaris. Zeatin O-glycosyltransferase may be involved in modulation of cytokinins under cold stress.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Atkins R.K., Batton G.E. and Robinson D.K. 1973. Effect of root growing temperature on growth substance in xylem exudate of Zea mays. J. Exp. Bot. 24: 475-487.

    Google Scholar 

  • Binns A.N. 1994. Cytokinin accumulation and action: Biochemical, genetic, and molecular approaches. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 45: 173-196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradford M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for quantitative of microgram quantities of protein using the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem. 72: 248-254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brandon D.L., Corse J., Higaki P.C. and Zavala M.E. 1992. Monoclonal antibodies for analysis of cytokinin O-glucosides in response to cold stress. In: Kamínek M., Mok D.S. and Zazímalová E. (eds), Physiology and Biochemistry of Cytokinins in Plants. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, The Netherlands, pp. 447-453.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brzobohaty B., Morre I., Kristoffersen P., Bako L., Campos N., Schell J. et al. 1993. Release of active cytokinin by a b-glucosidase localized to the maize root meristem. Science 262: 1051-1054.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brzobohaty B., Morre I. and Palme K. 1994. Cytokinin metabolism: implications for regulation of plant growth and development. Plant Mole. Biol.: 1483-1497.

  • Burrows W.J. and Carr D.J. 1969. Effects of flooding the root system of sunflower plants on the cytokinin content in the xylem sap. Physiol. Plant 22: 1107-1112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarke S.F., MaKenzie M.J., Burritt D.J., Guy P.L. and Jameson P.E. 1999. Influence of white clover mosaic potexvirus infection on the endogenous cytokinin content of bean. Plant Physiol. 120: 547-552.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixon S.C., Martin R.C., Mok M.C., Shaw G. and Mok D.W. 1989. Zeatin glycosylation enzymes in Phaseolus: Isolation of O-glucosyltransferase from P. lunatus and comparison to O-xylosyltransferase from P. vulgaris. Plant Physiol. 90: 1316-1321.

    Google Scholar 

  • Falk A. and Rask L. 1995. Expression of a zeatin-O-glucoside-degrading β-glucosidase in Brassica napus. Plant Physiol. 108: 1369-1377.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fusseder A. and Ziegler A. 1988. Metabolism and compartmentation of dihydrozeatin exogenously supplied to phototrophic suspension culture of Chenopodium rubrum. Planta 173: 104-109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall R.H. 1973. Cytokinin as a probe of developmental processes. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 24: 415-444.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammerton R.D., Nicander B. and Tillberg E. 1996. Identification of some major cytokinins in Phaseolus vulgaris and their distribution. Physiol. Plant 96: 77-84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Higaki P.C. 1990. Changes in cytokinin in Zea mays root tips in response to cold stress., 36pp.

  • Itai C. and Vaadia Y. 1965. Kinetin-like activity in root exudate of water-stressed sunflower plants. Physiol. Plant 18: 941-944.

    Google Scholar 

  • Itai C. and Vaadia Y. 1971. Cytokinin activity in water-stressed shoots. Plant Physiol. 32: 1123-1128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jameson P.E. 1994. Cytokinin metabolism and compartmentation. In: Mok D.W.S. and Mok M.C. (eds), Cytokinins: Chemistry, Activity, and Function. CRC press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 113-128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuriger W.E. and Agrios G.N. 1977. Cytokinin levels and kinetinvirus interactions in tobacco ringspot virus infected cowpea plants. Phytopathology 67: 604-609.

    Google Scholar 

  • Letham D.S. and Palni L.M.S. 1983. The biosynthesis and metabolism of cytokinins. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 34: 163-197.

    Google Scholar 

  • Letham D.S. 1994. Cytokinins as phytohormones: site of biosynthesis, translocation and function of translocated cytokinin. In: Mok D.W.S. and Mok M.C. (eds), Cytokinins: Chemistry, Activity, and Function. CRC press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 57-80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones R.J., Schreiber B.M., McNeil K., Brenner M.L. and Foxon G. 1992. Cytokinin levels and oxidase activity during maize kernel development. In: Kamínek M., Mok D.S. and Zazímalová E. (eds), Physiology and Biochemistry of Cytokinins in Plants. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, The Netherlands, pp. 235-239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones R.J. and Schreiber B.M. 1997. Role and function of cytokinin oxidase in plants. Plant Growth Regul. 23: 123-134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin R.C., Mok M.C. and Mok D.W. 1990. A monoclonal antibody specific to zeatin O-glucosyltransferases of Phaseolus. Plant Physiol. 94: 1290-1294.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin R.C., Mok M.C. and Mok D.W. 1993. Cytolocalization of zeatin O-xylosyltransferase in Phaseolus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90 90: 953-957.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin R.C., Mok M.C. and Mok D.W. 1997. Protein processing and auxin response in transgenic tobacco harboring a putative cDNA of zeatin O-xylosyltransferase from Phaseolus vulgaris. Plant J. 12: 305-312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin R.C., Mok M.C. and Mok D.W. 1999a. Isolation of a cytokinin gene ZOG1, encoding a zeatin O-glucosyltransferase from Phaseolus lunatus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 284-289.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin R.C., Mok M.C. and Mok D.W. 1999b. A gene encoding cytokinin enzyme zeatin-O-xylosyltransferase of Phaseolus vulgaris. Plant Physiol. 120: 553-558.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller C.O., Skoog F., Okumura F.S., Von Saltza M.H. and Strong F.M. 1956. Isolation, structure and synthesis of kinetin, a substance promoting cell division. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 78: 1375-1380.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mishkin D.H. 1992. Effects of exogenously added Cytokinins in Zea Mays Roots., pp 50.

  • Mok D.W., Mok M.C., Martin R.C., Bassil N.V. and Lightfoot D.A. 1992. Zeatin Metabolism in Phaseolus: Enzymes and genes. In: Karssen C.M., Van Loon L.C. and Vreugdenhil D. (eds), Progress in Plant Growth Regulation. Kluwer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp. 597-606.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith A.R. and Van Staden J. 1978. Changes in endogenous cytokinin levels in kernel of Zea Mays L. during imbibation and germination. J. Exp. Bot. 29: 1067-1075.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suttle J.C. 1998. Postharvest changes in endogenous cytokinins and cytokinin efficacy in potato tubers in relation to bud endodormancy. Physiol. Plant 103: 59-69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor J.L.S. and Van Staden J. 1997. Variation in the level and type of cytokinin with the stage of root development in Impatiens wallerana Hook. f. stem cuttings. Plant Growth Regul. 22: 175-180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Towbin H., Staehelin T. and Gordon J. 1979. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose after separation by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76: 4350-4354.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang T.L., Thompson A.G. and Horgan R. 1977. A cytokinin glucoside from leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Planta 135: 285-288.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, California State University, 91330-8303, Northridge, USA

    R. Li, J. L. Sosa & M. E. Zavala

Authors
  1. R. Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. L. Sosa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. E. Zavala
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Li, R., Sosa, J.L. & Zavala, M.E. Accumulation of zeatin O-glycosyltransferase in Phaseolus vulgaris and Zea mays following cold stress. Plant Growth Regulation 32, 295–305 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010755901072

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010755901072

Search

Navigation