Abstract
In order to obtain field data of ocean-atmosphere gas transfer coefficients, it is preferable to measure the interfacial gas flux in the air rather than in the water. This approach has been reported in the literature for CO2. However, it is shown here that 222Rn and methyliodide, CH3I, may be more suitable gases for air-side flux measurements.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barnard, W. R., Andreae, M. O., Watkins, W. E., Bingemer, H., and Georgii, H.-W.: 1982, ‘The Flux of Dimethylsulfide from the Oceans to the Atmosphere’, J. Geophys. Res. 87, 8787–8793.
Bressan, D. J., Larson, R. E., and Wilkniss, P. E.: 1973, ‘Atmospheric Radon and Dust, Air Mass Trajectories, and Meteorological Conditions over the Greenland Sea’, Nature 245, 74–77.
Broecker, W. S. and Peng, T.-H.: 1974, ‘Gas Exchange Rates between Air and Sea’, Tellus 26, 21–35.
Broecker, W. S., Takahashi, T., Simpson, H. J., and Peng, T.-H.: 1979, ‘Fate of Fossil-Fuel Carbon Dioxide and the Global Carbon Budget’, Science 206, 409–418.
Businger, J. A.: 1973, ‘Turbulent Transfer in the Atmospheric Surface Layer’, in D. A. Haugen (ed.), Workshop on Micrometeorology, American Meteorological Society, Boston, pp. 67–100.
Deacon, E. L.: 1977, ‘Gas Transfer to and across an Air-Water Interface’, Tellus 29, 363–374.
Garland, J. A., Elzerman, A. W., and Penkett, S. A.: 1980, ‘The Mechanism for Dry Deposition of Ozone to Seawater Surfaces’, J. Geophys. Res. 85, 7488–7492.
Gaudry, A., Ascencio, J. M., and Lambert, G.: 1983, ‘Preliminary Study of CO2 Variations at Amsterdam Island (Territoire des Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises)’, J. Geophys. Res. 88, 1323–1329.
Gidel, L. T.: 1983, ‘On the Maintenance of the Marine Boundary Layer — Free Tropospheric Gradient of Transient Tracers’, J. Geophys. Res. 88, 5145–5152.
Hackbusch, J.: 1979, Eine Methode zur Bestimmung der Diffusions-, Löslichkeits- und Permeabilitätskonstanten von Radon-222 in Wasser und Meerwasser, Staatsexamensarbeit, Heidelberg, 83 pp. (unpublished).
Hicks, B. B. and Wesely, M. L.: 1978, ‘An Examination of some Micrometeorological Methods for Measuring Dry Deposition’, EPA-Report PB 285765.
Hunter-Smith, R. J., Balls, P. W., and Liss, P. S.: 1983, ‘Henry's Law Constants and the Air-Sea Exchange of Various low Molecular Weight Halocarbon Gases’, Tellus 35B, 170–176.
Johnson, K. S., Pytkowicz, R. M., and Wong, C. S.: 1979, ‘Biological Production and the Exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide across the Sea Surface in Stuart Channel, British Columbia’, Limnol. Oceanogr. 24, 474–482.
Kromer, B. and Roether, W.: 1983, ‘Field Measurements of Air-Sea Gas Exchange by the Radon Deficit Method during JASIN 1978 and FGGE 1979’, ‘Meteor’ Forsch.-Ergebnisse A/B 24, 55–75.
Large, W. G. and Pond, S.: 1982, ‘Sensible and Latent Heat Flux Measurements over the Ocean’, J. Phys. Oceanogr. 12, 464–482.
Liss, P. S.: 1973, ‘Processes of Gas Exchange across an Air-Water Interface’, Deep-Sea Res. 20, 221–238.
Liss, P. S.: 1983, ‘Gas Transfer: Experiments and Geochemical Implications’, in P. S. Liss and W. G. N. Slinn (eds.), Air-Sea Exchange of Gases and Particles, D. Reidel Publ. Co., Dordrecht, Holland, pp. 241–298.
Liss, P. S. and Slater, P. G.: 1974, ‘Flux of Gases across the Air-Sea Interface’, Nature 247, No. 5438, 181–184.
Merlivat, L. and Memery, L.: 1983, ‘Gas Exchange across an Air-Water Interface: Experimental Results and Modeling of Bubble Contribution to Transfer’, J. Geophys. Res. 88, 707–724.
Münnich, K. O., Clarke, W. B., Fischer, K.-H., Flothmann, D., Kromer, B., Roether, W., Siegenthaler, U., Top, Z., and Weiss, W.: 1978, ‘Gas Exchange and Evaporation Studies in a Circular Wind Tunnel, Continuous Radon-222 Measurements at Sea, and Tritium/Helium-3 Measurements in a Lake’, in A. Favre and K. Hasselmann (eds.), Turbulent Fluxes through the Sea Surface, Wave Dynamics, and Prediction, Plenum Publ. Co., pp. 151–166.
Peng, T.-H., Broecker, W. S., Mathieu, G. G., and Li, Y.-H.: 1979, ‘Radon Evasion Rates in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans as Determined during the GEOSECS Program’, J. Geophys. Res. 84, 2471–2486.
Rasmussen, R. A., Khalil, M. A., Gunawardena, R., and Hoyt, S. D.: 1982, ‘Atmospheric Methyl Iodide (CH3I)’, J. Geophys. Res. 87, 3086–3090.
Roether, W.: in prep., ‘Field Measurements of Gas Exchange’, in Dynamic Processes in the Chemistry of the Upper Ocean, Plenum Press.
Roether, W. and Kromer, B.: 1984, ‘Optimum Application of the Radon Deficit Method to obtain Air-Sea Gas Exchange Rates’, in W. H. Brutsaert and G. H. Jirka (eds.), Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces, D. Reidel Publ. Co., Dordrecht, Holland 447–457.
Rudolph, J. and Ehhalt, D. H.: 1981, ‘Measurement of C2-C5 Hydrocarbons over the North Atlantic’, J. Geophys. Res. 86, 11, 959–964.
Slinn, W. G. N., Hasse, L., Hicks, B. B., Hogan, A. W., Lal, D., Liss, P. S., Münnich, K. O., Sehmel, G. A., and Vittori, O.: 1978, ‘Some Aspects of the Transfer of Atmospheric Trace Constituents Past the Air-Sea Interface’, Atmos. Environ. 12, 2055–2087.
Tsivoglou, E. C., O'Connor, R. L., Walter, C. M., Godsil, P. J., and Logsdon, G. S.: 1965, ‘Tracer Measurements of Atmospheric Reaeration — I. Laboratory Studies’, J. Water Poll. Control Fed. 37, 1343–1362.
Wesely, M. L., Cook, D. R., Hart, R. L., and Williams, R. M.: 1982, ‘Air-Sea Exchange of CO2 and Evidence for Enhanced Upward Fluxes’, J. Geophys. Res. 87, 8827–8832.
Zafiriou, O. C.: 1974, ‘Photochemistry of Halogens in the Marine Atmosphere’, J. Geophys. Res. 79, 2730–2732.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Roether, W. Field measurement of air-sea gas transfer: A methodical search. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 27, 97–103 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00119974
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00119974