Abstract
A theoretical model is presented which allows computing the efficiency with which aerosol particles of radius 0.1≤r≤10 μm are collected by simple ice crystal plates of radius 50≤a c ≤640 μm in air of various relative humidities, temperatures and pressures. Particle capture due to thermophoresis, diffusiophoresis and inertial impaction are considered. It is shown that the capture efficiency of an ice crystal in considerably affected by phoretic effects in the range 0.1≤r≤1 μm. For aerosol particles ofr>1 μm the efficiency is strongly controlled by the flow field around the crystal and the density of the aerosol material. Trajectory analysis also predicts that aerosol particles are preferentially captured by the ice crystal rim. Our theoretica results are found to agree satisfactorily with the laboratory studies presently available. Comparison shows that for the same pressure, temperature and relative humidity of the ambient air ice crystal plates are better aerosol particle scavengers than water drops.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Carnuth, W. (1967),Zur Abhaengigkeit des Aerosol Partikel Spektrum von meteorologischen Vorgaengen und Zustaende, Arch. f. Meteor. Geophys. Biokl. Ser. A,16, 321–343.
Graedel, T. E. andFraney, J. P. (1975),Field measurements of submicron aerosol washout by snow, Geophys. Res. Lett.2, 325–328.
Grover, S. N., Pruppacher, H. R. andHamielec, A. E. (1977),A numerical determination of the efficiency with which spherical aerosol particles collide with spherical water drops due to inertial impaction and phoretic and electrical forces, J. Atmos. Sci.34, 1655–1669.
Hall, W. D. andPruppacher, H. D. (1976),The survival of ice particles falling from cirrus clouds in substrated air, J. Atmos. Sci.33, 1995–2006.
Itagaki, K. andKoenuma, S. (1962),Altitude distribution of fallout contained in rain and snow, J. Geophys. Sci.67, 3927–3933.
Kajikawa, M. (1972),Measurement of falling velocity of individual snow crystals. J. Meteor. Soc., Japan50, 577–584.
Knutson, E. O., Sood, S. K. andStockham, J. D. (1976),Aerosol collection by snow and ice crystals, Atmos. Environment10, 395–402.
Magono, C., Endoh, T., Harimaya, T. andKuboda, S. (1974),A measurement of scavenging effect of falling snow crystals on the aerosol concentration, J. Meteor. Soc., Japan52, 407–416.
Magono, C., Endoh, T. andItasaka, M. (1975),Observation of aerosol particles attached to falling snow crystals, J. Fac. Sci., Hokkaido University4, No. 4, 103–119.
Pitter, R. L., Pruppacher, H. R. andHamielec, A. E. (1973),A numerical study of viscous flow past thin oblate spheroid at low and intermediate Reynolds numbers, J. Atmos. Sci.30, 125–134.
Pitter, R. L., Pruppacher, H. R. andHamielec, A. E. (1974),A numerical study of the effect of forced convection on mass transfer from a thin oblate spheroid in air, J. Atmos Sci.31, 1058–1066.
Pitter, R. L. (1977),Scavenging efficiency of electrostatically charged thin ice plates and spherical aerosol particles, J. Atmos. Sci.34, 1797–1800.
Prodi, F. (1976),Scavenging of aerosol particles by growing ice crystals, Preprints, Int. Conf. on Cloud Phys., 26–30 July, 1976, Boulder, Colorado, 70–75; available from American Meteorology Society, 45 Beacon Street, Boston MA.
Pruppacher, H. R. andKlett, J. D. (1978),Microphysics of Clouds, D. Reidell Publ. Co., Dordrecht, Holland, 714 pp.
Reiter, R. (1964),Felder, Stroeme, Aerosole, Verlag D. Steinkopff, Darmstadt, 603 pp.
Reiter, R. andCarnuth, W. (1965),Washout balance between 700 and 3000 m above sea level, Preprints Int. Conf. on Cloud Phys., May 1965, Tokyo and Sapporo, 390–394, available from, Meteor. Soc. of Japan, Tokyo.
Reiter, R. andCarnuth, W. (1969),Washout Untersuchungen an Fallout Partikel in der unteren Troposphaere, Arch. f. Meteor., Geophys., Biokl. Ser. A,18, 111–164.
Sood, S. K., andJackson, M. R. (1969a), Scavenging by snow and ice crystals,Precipitation Scavenging—1972, 121–136. Available as Conf.-70061 from Nat. Techn. Info. Service, Springfield, VA.
Sood, S. K. andJackson, M. R. (1969b), Scavenging of atmospheric particulate matter by falling hydrometeors.Preprints Int. Conf. on Condensation and Ice Nuclei, 1 Sept., 1969, Prague and Vienna.
Wang, P. K. andPruppacher, H. R. (1980),On the efficiency with which aerosol particles of radius less than 1 μm are collected by columnar ice crystals. Pure and Appl. Geophysics.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Martin, J.J., Wang, P.K., Pruppacher, H.R. et al. On the efficiency with which aerosol particles of radius larger than 0.1 μm are collected by simple ice crystal plates. PAGEOPH 118, 1109–1129 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01593053
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01593053