Abstract
We discuss the results of studying the physical-chemical composition of the atmospheric aerosol during expedition onboard the RV Akademik Nikolaj Strakhov carried out during winter of 2015–2016 on the route from Colombo to Kaliningrad (via Suez Canal). As compared to the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic (near Europe), the atmosphere of the Arabian and Red Seas was characterized by higher values of most aerosol characteristics: 3–5 times larger aerosol optical depth (AOD), 4 times larger aerosol number concentration, 1.5 times larger concentrations of continent- and sea-derived ions, as well as more abundant gas admixtures (SO2, HCl, HNO3, NH3). At the same time, two seas of the Indian basin substantially differ in aerosol composition, primarily due to outflows of aerosols of different types from the continents. The largest concentrations of black carbon (2.14 μg m–3, on average), sea-derived ions (Na+, Cl–, Mg2+), and NH3 are observed over the Arabian Sea; larger values of the fine component of the AOD and concentrations of “continental” ions (SO4 2-, Ca2+, NO3 -, NH4 +) and gas admixtures SO2, HCl, HNO3 are found over the Red Sea. With respect to ion composition of aerosol, most stable concentrations are noted for Ca2+ ions (less than 15% difference among the seas), and maximal spatial variations are found for NH +4 ions (the difference of up to a factor of 40).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
B. N. Holben, T. F. Eck, I. Slutsker, D. Tanre, J.P.Buis, A. Setzer, E. Vermote, J. A. Reagan, Y. Kaufman, T. Nakajima, F. Lavenu, I. Jankowiak, and A. Smirnov, “AERONET—a federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol characterization,” Remote Sens. Environ. 66, 1–16 (1998).
Study of Radiative Parameters of Aerosol in Russian Asia, Ed. by S.M. Sakerin (Publishing House of IAO SB RAS, Tomsk, 2012) [in Russian].
I. N. Kuznetsova, A. A. Glazkova, I. Yu. Shalygina, M. I. Nakhaev, A. A. Arkhangel’skaya, A. M. Zvyagintsev, E. G. Semutnikova, P. V. Zakharova, and E. A. Lezina, “Seasonal and diurnal variability of particulate matter PM10 in surface air of Moscow habitable districts,” Opt. Atmos. Okeana 27 (6), 473–482 (2014).
M. Yu. Arshinov, B. D. Belan, D. K. Davydov, G. A. Ivlev, A. V. Kozlov, A. S. Kozlov, S. B. Malyshkin, D. V. Simonenkov, and P. N. Antokhin, “Nucleation bursts in the atmosphere over boreal zone in West Siberia. Part I. Classification and frequency,” Opt. Atmos. Okeana 27 (9), 766–774 (2014).
A. N. Gruzdev and A. A. Isakov, “On the nature of long-period variations in mass concentration of nearground aerosol,” Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 29 (1), 73–78 (2016).
A. Smirnov, B. N. Holben, Y. J. Kaufman, O. Dubovik, T. F. Eck, I. Slutsker, C. Pietras, and R. N. Halthore, “Optical properties of atmospheric aerosol in maritime environments,” J. Atmos. Sci. 59 (3) (2002).
S. M. Sakerin, D. M. Kabanov, A. V. Smirnov, and B. N. Holben, “Aerosol optical depth of the atmosphere over ocean in the wavelength range 0.37–4 μm,” Int. J. Remote Sens. 29 (9), 2519–2547 (2008). doi 10.1080/01431160701767492
A. Smirnov, B. N. Holben, I. Slutsker, D. Giles, C. R. McClain, T. F. Eck, S. M. Sakerin, P. Croot, G. Zibordi, P. Quinn, J. Sciare, S. Kinne, M. Harvey, T. Smyth, S. Piketh, T. Zielinski, A. Proshutinsky, J.Goes, D. A. Seigel, P. Larouche, V. F. Radionov, P. Goloub, K. Krishnamoorthy, R. Matarrese, L. Robertson, and F. Jourdin, “Maritime Aerosol Network as a component of Aerosol Robotic Network,” J. Geoph. Res. 114, D06204 (2009).
S. M. Sakerin, A. A. Bobrikov, O. A. Bukin, L. P. Golobokova, Vas. V. Polkin, Vik. V. Polkin, K. A. Shmirko, D. M. Kabanov, T. V. Khodzher, N. A. Onischuk, A. N. Pavlov, V. L. Potemkin, and V. F. Radionov, “On measurements of aerosol-gas composition of the atmosphere during two expeditions in 2013 along Northern Sea Route,” Atmos. Chem. Phys. 15 (21), 12413–12443 (2015). doi 10.5194/acp-15-1-2015
C. Tomasi and F. Prodi, “Measurement of atmospheric turbidity and vertical mass loading of particulate matter in marine environments (Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and Somalian Coast),” J. Geophys. Res. 87 (2), 1279–1286.
S. Kedia and S. Ramachandran, “Variability in aerosol optical and physical characteristics over the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea deduced from Angstrem exponents,” J. Geophys. Res. 114, D14207 (2009). doi 10.1029/2009JD011950
M. C. R. Kalapureddy, D. G. Kaskaoutis, P. E. Raj, P. C. S. Devara, H. D. Kambezidis, P. G. Kosmopoulos, and P. T. Nastos, “Identification of aerosol type over the Arabian Sea in the premonsoon season during the Integrated Campaign for Aerosol, Gases and Radiation Budget (ICARB),” J. Geophys. Res. 114, D17203 (2009). doi 10.1029/2009JD011826
K. K. Moorthy, S. S. Babu, and S. K. Satheesh, “Aerosol characteristics and radiative impacts over the Arabian Sea during the intermonsoon season: results from ARMEX field campaign,” J. Atmos. Sci. 62, 192–206 (2005).
K. K. Moorthy, A. Saha, B. S. N. Prasad, K. Niranjan, D. Jhurry, and P. S. Pillai, “Aerosol optical depths over peninsular India and adjoining oceans during the INDOEX campaigns: Spatial, temporal, and spectral characteristics,” J. Geophys. Res., D 106 (22), 28,539–28,554 (2001).
S. K. Satheesh, K. K. Moorthy, and B. V. K. Murthy, “Spatial gradients in aerosol characteristics over the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean,” J. Geophys. Res., D 103 (20), 26,183–26,192 (1998).
K. K. Moorthy, S. K. Satheesh, S. S. Baby, and A. Saha, “Large latitudinal gradients and temporal heterogeneity in aerosol black carbon and its mass mixing ratio over southern and northern oceans observed during a trans-continental cruise experiment,” Geophys. Res. Lett. 32, L14818 (2005). doi 10.1029/2005GL023267
K. K. Moorthy, S. K. Satheesh, and B. V. K. Murthy, “Investigations of marine aerosols over the tropical Indian Ocean,” J. Geophys. Res., D 102 (15), 18827–18842 (1997).
P. J. Prakash, G. Stenchikov, W. Tao, T. Yapici, B. Warsama, and J. Engelbrecht, “Study of Arabian Red Sea coastal soils as potential mineral dust sources,” Atmos. Chem. Phys. 16 (18), 11991–12004 (2016). doi 10.5194/acp-16-11991-2016
R. I. Abdallah, N. M. Khalil, and M. I. Roushdie, “Monitoring of pollution in Egyptian Red Sea,” Egypt. J. Pet. 24, 59–70 (2015).
K. V. S. Badarinath, S. K. Kharol, and A. R. Sharma, “Long-range transport of aerosols from agriculture crop residue burning in Indo-Gangetic Plains—A study using LIDAR, ground measurements and satellite data,” J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 71, 112–120 (2009).
S. Dey and L. Di Girolamo, “A climatology of aerosol optical and microphysical properties over the Indian subcontinent from 9 years (2000–2008) of Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) data,” J. Geophys. Res. 115, D15204 (2010). doi 10.1029/2009JD013395
V. Duflot, P. Royer, P. Chazette, J.-L. Baray, Y. Courcoux, and R. Delmas, “Marine and biomass burning aerosols in the southern Indian Ocean: retrieval of aerosol optical properties from ship-borne lidar and sun-photometer measurements,” J. Geophys. Res. 116, D18208 (2011). doi 10.1029/2011JD015839
V. V. Pol’kin, D. M. Kabanov, S. M. Sakerin, and L. P. Golobokova,” Comparative studies of optical and microphysical characteristics and chemical composition of aerosol over water basin of Caspian Sea in the 29th and 41st cruises of RV Rift,” Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 27 (1), 16–23 (2014).
S. M. Sakerin, D. M. Kabanov, V. V. Pol’kin, V. F. Radionov, B. N. Holben, and A. Smirnov, “Variations in aerosol optical and microphysical characteristics along the route of Russian Antarctic Expeditions in the East Atlantic,” Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 30 (1), 89–102 (2017).
S. M. Sakerin, D. M. Kabanov, A. P. Rostov, S. A. Turchinovich, and V. V. Knyazev, “Sun photometers for measuring spectral air transparency in stationary and mobile conditions,” Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 26 (4), 352–356 (2013).
Aerosol Particle Counter AZ-10, Manual, EKIT 7.830.000 RE (Moscow, 2010) [in Russian].
V. S. Kozlov, V. P. Shmargunov, and V. V. Pol’kin, “Spectrophotometers for the study of of parameters of light absorption by aerosol particles,” Pribory Tekhn. Eksperim, No. 5, 155–157 (2008).
S. M. Sakerin and D. M. Kabanov, “Fine and coarse components of atmospheric aerosol optical depth in maritime and polar regions,” Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 28 (6), 510–517 (2015)
J. G. Acker and G. Leptoukh, “Online analysis enhances use of NASA Earth science data,” EOS Trans. AGU 88 (2), 14–17 (2007).
http://giovanni.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov.
V. A. Poddubnyi, V. V. Pol’kin, S. M. Sakerin, L. P. Golobokova, A. P. Luzhetskaya, Yu. I. Markelov, E. S. Dubinkina, and O. I. Khuriganova, “Complex aerosol experiment at the Middle Urals. Part 1. Experimental conditions and results of photometric measurements,” Opt. Atmos. Okeana 29 (12), 1003–1010 (2016).
M. C. R. Kalapureddy, D. G. Kaskaoutis, P. Raj, DevaraP. C. S. Ernest, H. D. Kambezidis, P. G. Kosmopoulos, and P. T. Nastos, “Identification of aerosol type over the Arabian Sea in the remonsoon season during the Integrated Campaign for Aerosols, Gases and Radiation Budget (ICARB),” J. Geophys. Res. 114, D17203 (2009). doi 10.1029/2009JD011826
V. V. Pol’kin, N. N. Shchelkanov, L. P. Golobokova, and M. V. Panchenko, “Comparison of the techniques for estimating the contribution of continental and marine sources into ion composition of near-water aerosol of the White Sea,” Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 21 (1), 17–19 (2008).
K. Ya. Kondrat’ev, Aerosols and Climate (Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad, 1991) [in Russian].
B. C. Proemse, B. Mayer, and M. E. Fenn, “Tracing industrial sulfur contributions to atmospheric sulfate deposition in the Athabasca oil sands region, Alberta, Canada,” Appl. Geochem. 27, 2425–2434 (2012).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © S.M. Sakerin, L.P. Golobokova, D.M. Kabanov, V.V. Pol’kin, Yu.S. Turchinovich, T.V. Khodzher, O.I. Khuriganova, 2017, published in Optika Atmosfery i Okeana.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sakerin, S.M., Golobokova, L.P., Kabanov, D.M. et al. Spatiotemporal variations in aerosol characteristics along the route of the Indian-Atlantic expedition onboard the research vessel Akademik Nikolaj Strakhov. Atmos Ocean Opt 30, 349–359 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1024856017040108
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1024856017040108