Abstract
The ultrastructural patterns characterizing wheat straw degradation by the ligninolytic fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trametes versicolor were studied. During fungal attack, the less lignified tissues were degraded first, whereas the xylematic and sclerenchymatic fibers underwent a delayed attack. In straw samples degraded by T. versicolor, partial delignification, defibrillation and swelling of cell walls, often causing separation between primary and secondary walls, were observed. By contrast, the formation of erosions and fissures, with minor lignin removal, characterized the attack to the cell wall by P. chrysosporium. At an advanced stage of decay, KMnO4 staining demonstrated abundant electron-dense material around hyphae and in the proximity of the cell-wall surface. In the case of P. chrysosporium, spherical black bodies were found in the erosions and fissures produced during fungal attack.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barrasa JM, González AE, Martínez AT (1992) Ultrastructural aspects of fungal delignification of Chilean woods by Ganoderma australe and Phlebia chrysocrea. Holzforschung 46:1–8
Blanchette R (1984) Screening wood decayed by white rot fungi for preferential lignin degradation. Appl Environ Microbiol 48:647–653
Eriksson K-EL (1990) Biotechnology in pulp and paper industry. Wood Sci Technol 29:79–101
Gutiérrez A, Martínez MJ, Almendros G, González-Vila FJ and Martínez AT (1995) Hyphal-sheath polysaccharides in fungal deterioration. Sci Total Environ (in press)
Johnsrud SC, Fernández N, López P, Gutiérrez ISA, Saez A, Eriksson K-E (1987) Properties of fungal pretreated high yield bagasse pulps. Nordic Pulp Paper J [Special issue] 2:47–52
Otjen L, Blanchette RA (1986) A discussion of microstructural changes in wood during decomposition by white rot fungi. Can J Bot 64:905–911
Ruel K, Joseleau J-P (1986) Action of Sporotrichum pulverulentum on wood cell walls. Symbiosis 2:355–361
Ruel K, Joseleau J-P (1991) Involvement of an extracellular glucan sheath during degradation of Populus wood by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl Environ Microbiol 57:374–384
Ruel K, Comtat J, Barnoud F (1977) Localisation histologique et ultrastructurale des xylanes dans les parois primaires tissus d'Arundo donax. C R Acad Sci 284:1421–1424
Schiesser A, Filippi C, Lepidi A (1989a) Ultrastructure of wheat straw cell wall delignified by Pleurotus ostreatus. FEMS Microbiol Lett 61:159–164
Schiesser A, Filippi C, Totani G, Lepidi A (1989b) Fine structure and mechanical properties of straw filaments invaded by Pleurotus ostreatus. Biol Wastes 27:1–13
Valmaseda M, Almendros G, Martínez AT (1991) Chemical transformation of wheat straw constituents after solid-state fermentation with selected lignocellulose-degrading fungi. Biomass Bioenergy 1:261–266
Valmaseda M, Martínez MJ, Martínez AT (1992) Kinetics of wheat straw solid-state fermentation with Trametes versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus — lignin and polysaccharide alteration and production of related enzymatic activities. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 35:817–823
Zadra<zil F (1984). Microbial conversion of lignocellulose into feed. In: Sundstol F, Owen E (eds) Straw and other fibrous by-products as feed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 276–292
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Barrasa, J.M., Camarero, S., Martínez, A.T. et al. Ultrastructural aspects of wheat straw degradation by Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trametes versicolor . Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 43, 766–770 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00164786
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00164786