Abstract
The chemical constituents of a lipophilic extract from quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.), obtained by supercritical fluid CO2 extraction of the dried fruit pomace were investigated. Solvent partition of quince wax with n-hexane or acetone yielded an insoluble (crystalline) and a soluble (oily) fraction. Both fractions were analyzed separately using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The insoluble fraction consisted of saturated n-aldehydes, n-alcohols and free n-alkanoic acids of carbon chain lengths between 22 and 32, with carbon chain lengths of 26 and 28 dominating. Also odd-numbered unbranched hydrocarbons, mainly C27, C29 and C31, were detected particularly in the acetone-insoluble fraction (total, 15.8%). By means of vacuum liquid chromatography, triterpenoic acids were separated from the hexane-insoluble matter and identified as a mixture of ursolic, oleanolic and betulinic acids. The major constituents of the hexane-soluble fraction were glycerides of linoleic [Δ9,12, 18:2] and oleic [Δ9, 18:1] acids, accompanied by free linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids (C16). Moreover β-sitosterol, Δ5-avenasterol as well as trace amounts of other sterols were assigned. Finally the carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene were identified and quantified by UV/vis and high-performance liquid chromatography/MS techniques, yielding 1.0 and 0.3% of the quince wax, respectively. It is anticipated that the complex of lipid constituents from quince wax may exert interesting biological activities, the elucidation of which awaits further studies.
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Abbreviations
- APCI:
-
atmospheric pressure chemical ionization
- GC:
-
gas chromatography
- HPLC:
-
high-performance liquid chromatography
- LC:
-
liquid chromatography
- MS:
-
mass spectrometry
- PCC:
-
pyridinium chlorochromate
- TIC:
-
total ion chromatogram
- TLC:
-
thin-layer chromatography
- TMSi:
-
trimethylsilyl
- VLC:
-
vacuum liquid chromatography
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Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank Jürgen Conrad (Department of Chemistry, Hohenheim University, Stuttgart, Germany) for recording the NMR spectra, Bernhard Weigl (BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany) for a sample of synthetic phytoene and Zohar Nir (LycoRed Ltd., Israel) for providing a sample of a phytoene/phytofluene mixture.
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Lorenz, P., Berger, M., Bertrams, J. et al. Natural wax constituents of a supercritical fluid CO2 extract from quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) pomace. Anal Bioanal Chem 391, 633–646 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-008-2000-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-008-2000-5