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Love and Rayleigh Wave Tomography of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Surrounding Areas

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Abstract

Surface wave data were initially collected from events of magnitude Ms ≥ 5.0 and shallow or moderate focal depth occurred between 1980 and 2002: 713 of them generated Rayleigh waves and 660 Love waves, which were recorded by 13 broadband digital stations in Eurasia and India. Up to 1,525 source-station Rayleigh waveforms and 1,464 Love wave trains have been processed by frequency-time analysis to obtain group velocities. After inverting the path-averaged group times by means of a damped least-squares approach, we have retrieved location-dependent group velocities on a 2° × 2°-sized grid and constructed Rayleigh- and Love-wave group velocity maps at periods 10.4–105.0 s. Resolution and covariance matrices and the rms group velocity misfit have been computed in order to check the quality of the results. Afterwards, depth-dependent SV- and SH-wave velocity models of the crust and upper mantle are obtained by inversion of local Rayleigh- and Love-wave group velocities using a differential damped least-squares method. The results provide: (a) Rayleigh- and Love-wave group velocities at various periods; (b) SV- and SH-wave differential velocity maps at different depths; (c) sharp images of the subducted lithosphere by velocity cross sections along prefixed profiles; (d) regionalized dispersion curves and velocity-depth models related to the main geological formations. The lithospheric root presents a depth that can be substantiated at ~140 km (Qiangtang Block) and exceptionally at ~180 km in some places (Lhasa Block), and which exhibits laterally varying fast velocity very close to that of some shields that even reaches ~4.8 km/s under the northern Lhasa Block and the Qiangtang Block. Slow-velocity anomalies of 7–10% or more beneath southern Tibet and the eastern edge of the Plateau support the idea of a mechanically weak middle-to-lower crust and the existence of crustal flow in Tibet.

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Acknowledgments

We are indebted to the data processing centres CDSN in China and IRIS in the United States for the facilities given for data acquisition. Helpful comments, suggestions and criticism from anonymous referees and the editor-in-charge Howard J. Patton, which led to significant improvement of the early manuscript, are gratefully acknowledged. Most of the graphic illustrations were produced using the Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) software by Wessel and Smith (1995, 1998). The National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 40234044, and 40504012), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (grant 2002CB412604), and the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences supported this research. The present work profits by the Collaboration Agreement between the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the University of Zaragoza, Spain.

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Yun Chen

  2. Physics of the Earth, Sciences B, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain

    José Badal

  3. Department of Geophysics, Yunnan University, 650091, Kunming, People’s Republic of China

    Jiafu Hu

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Chen, Y., Badal, J. & Hu, J. Love and Rayleigh Wave Tomography of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Surrounding Areas. Pure Appl. Geophys. 167, 1171–1203 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-009-0040-1

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