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A Reanalysis and Reinterpretation of Geodetic and Geological Evidence of Glacial-Isostatic Adjustment in the Churchill Region, Hudson Bay

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Abstract

We review the historical, geological, tide-gauge, GPS and gravimetric evidence advanced in favour of, or against, continuing land uplift around Hudson Bay, Canada. We also reanalyse the tide-gauge and GPS data for Churchill using longer time series than those available to previous investigators. The dependence of the mean rate of relative sea-level change obtained from the tide-gauge record on the length and mid-epoch of the observation interval considered is investigated by means of a newly developed linear-trend analysis diagram. For studying the shorter-period variability of the tide-gauge record, the wavelet transform is used. The mean rate of land uplift obtained from GPS is based on a new analysis using IGS solutions of GFZ. To include the post-glacial land uplift, sea-level indicators from the Churchill region representing the relative sea-level history during the past 8000 years are also used. Finally, the values of the four observables are jointly inverted in terms of mantle viscosity. The optimum values are ~3.2 × 1020 Pa s and ~1.6 × 1022 Pa s for the upper- and lower-mantle viscosities, respectively.

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Abbreviations

BADC:

British Atmospheric Data Centre

BMBF:

Bundesminsterium für Bildung und Forschung (Germany)

CH:

Churchill

CHS:

Canadian Hydrographic Service

CHUR:

GPS station Churchill

EC:

east coast of North America

EPOS:

Earth Parameters and Orbit Determination System

GFZ:

Geo ForschungsZentrum Potsdam (Germany)

GIA:

glacial-isostatic adjustment

GMT:

Generic Mapping Tools

GSC:

Geological Survey of Canada

GPS:

Global Positioning System

GSD:

Geodetic Survey Division

HM:

Cape Henrietta Maria

IB:

inverse barometer

IGS:

International GPS Service

ITRF:

International Terrestrial Reference Frame

JB:

James Bay

KW:

Keewatin

LCRF:

loosely constrained reference frame

MEDS:

Marine Environmental Data Service (Canada)

MJD:

modified Julian day

MSB:

Marine Science Branch (Canada)

NGS:

National Geodetic Survey (USA)

NOAA:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (USA)

OI:

Ottawa Islands

PREM:

Preliminary Reference Earth Model

PSMSL:

Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level

RG:

Richmond Gulf

RLR:

revised local reference

RSL:

relative sea level

SE:

south-eastern Hudson Bay

SEAL:

Sea Level: An Integrated Approach to its Quantification

SI:

Southampton Island

SLI:

sea-level indicator

UP:

Ungava Peninsula

VLBI:

Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, Telegrafenberg, D-14473, Potsdam, Germany

    Detlef Wolf, Volker Klemann, Johann Wünsch & Fei-peng Zhang

  2. Geodetic Institute, University of Stuttgart, Geschwister-Scholl-Str. 24D, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany

    Detlef Wolf

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  1. Detlef Wolf
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Wolf, D., Klemann, V., Wünsch, J. et al. A Reanalysis and Reinterpretation of Geodetic and Geological Evidence of Glacial-Isostatic Adjustment in the Churchill Region, Hudson Bay. Surv Geophys 27, 19–61 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-005-0641-x

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