Figure 1

(a) ($175\times 135Å$) STM image of ${\mathrm{D}}_2\mathrm{O}$ clusters on Pd(111) at 100 K. (b) ($41\times 53Å$) zoom-in image of the lace structure clearly showing star-shaped defected areas (dark in STM). (c) ($20\times 20Å$) zoom-in image of the rosette structure. With scanning parameters set to 200 pA tunnel current and $-100\mathrm{m}\mathrm{V}$ bias voltage, no tip influence was detected.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 2

(a) Illustration of lacelike $p(6\times 6)$ superstructures on Pd(111), built by removing molecules from icelike bilayers. Pd surface atoms are at the crossings of the thin lines. (b)–(d) Illustration of the mechanism by which planar hexamers bind to each other. In (b) the gray filled hexagons define the “exclusion zone” where another $A$ type hexamer cannot adsorb. (c) Scheme for the lacelike structure constructed after placing tilted species (hatched circles) at the bridging sites. The arrangement of the bridging species extends the exclusion zone to the $D2$ sites. (d) Scheme for the rosette type structure after placing flat-lying water molecules at the bridging sites. Now, the exclusion zone extends to all $D$ sites. See text for further details.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 3

(a) The optimized lace structure. Small gray circles are H atoms below the O atoms (down configuration). The remaining atoms are labeled as in Fig. 2. (b) STM topographic image simulation for this model (with $I=0.1\mathrm{n}\mathrm{A}$ and $V=100\mathrm{m}\mathrm{V}$). (c) Same as (b) but for a model where the bridging molecules are O-H species. (d)–(f) Same as (a)–(c) but for the rosette structure.Reuse & Permissions