Competitive Effects of Surface Plasmon Resonances and Interband Transitions on Plasmon-Enhanced Second-Harmonic Generation at Near-Ultraviolet Frequencies

Shaoxin Shen, Jiejie Shan, Tien-Mo Shih, Junbo Han, Zongwei Ma, Feng Zhao, Fangzu Yang, Yongliang Zhou, and Zhilin Yang

Phys. Rev. Applied 13, 024045 – Published 19 February 2020

Abstract

The competition between plasmonic resonances and noble-metal interband transitions at near-ultraviolet (NUV) frequencies complicates nonlinear conversion processes at nanoscales. Here, we experimentally design a highly enhanced and reproducible plasmon-enhanced second-harmonic generation (PESHG) platform suitable for NUV frequencies by constructing three-dimensional silver mushroom arrays. The SHG emission from proposed platforms involved in geometrical asymmetry greatly outperforms that from unpatterned metallic films. Studies among mushroom arrays with various geometric parameters and weight ratios of component materials enable us to distinguish characteristics exhibited by plasmon-driven enhancement and interband-transition suppression, such that competitive effects on PESHG can be readily observed and quantitatively measured. Our work may provide insights for understanding the physical mechanism governing plasmon-enhanced nonlinear optical processes and may help attain efficient nonlinear wavelength conversions for quantum-optical and nonlinear metamaterial applications.

Received 9 September 2019
Revised 19 December 2019
Accepted 3 February 2020

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.13.024045

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Nanophotonics Near-field optics Optical microcavities Plasmonics Surface plasmons

Nanostructures

Optical second-harmonic generation Resonance techniques

Atomic, Molecular & Optical

Authors & Affiliations

Shaoxin Shen^1,2,*, Jiejie Shan³, Tien-Mo Shih ⁴, Junbo Han⁵, Zongwei Ma⁵, Feng Zhao ¹, Fangzu Yang³, Yongliang Zhou³, and Zhilin Yang ^1,†

¹Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
²College of Information Science and Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key laboratory of Light Propagation and Transformation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People’s Republic of China
³State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
⁴Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
⁵Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China

^*sxshen@hqu.edu.cn
^†zlyang@xmu.edu.cn

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Vol. 13, Iss. 2 — February 2020

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Physical Review Applied