Abstract
With the increasing size and speed of modern supercomputers, the incredibly complex nonlinear properties of plasmas in the laboratory and in space are being successfully explored in increasing depth. Of particular importance have been numerical simulation techniques involving finite size particles on a discrete mesh. After discussing the importance of this means of understanding a variety of nonlinear plasma phenomena, we describe the basic elements of particle-in-cell simulation and their limitations and advantages. The differencing techniques, stability and accuracy issues, data management and optimization issues are discussed by a simple example of a particle-in-cell code. Recent advances in simulation methods allowing large space and time scales to be treated with minimal sacrifice in physics are reviewed. Various examples of nonlinear processes successfully studied by plasma simulation are given.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Birdsall, C. K. and D. Fuss, J. Comput. Phys., 3, 494, 1969.
Birdsall, C. K. and A. B. Langdon. Plasma Physics Via Computer Simulation, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1985.
Brackbill, J. U. and D. W. Forslund, J. Comput. Phys., 46, 271, 1982.
Brackbill, J. U. and D. W. Forslund, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., 29, 1208, 1984.
Brackbill, J. U., D. W. Forslund, K. B. Quest, and D. Winske, Phys. Fluids, 27, 2682, 1984.
Buneman, O., J. Comput. Phys., 1, 517, 1967.
Denavit, J., J. Comput. Phys., 9, 75, 1972.
Denavit, J., J. Comput. Phys., 47, 337, 1981.
Forslund, D. W. and J. U. Brackbill, Phys. Rev. Lett., 48, 1614, 1982.
Forslund, D. W., J. M. Kindel, and K. Lee, Phys. Rev. Lett., 39, 284, 1977.
Forslund, D. W., K. B. Quest, J. U. Brackbill, and K. Lee, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 2142, 1984.
Friedman, A., A. B. Langdon, and B.I. Cohen, Comm. Plasma Phys. Contr. Fusion, 6, 225, 1981.
Godfrey, B. B., J. Comput. Phys., 15, 504, 1974.
Godfrey, B. B., J. Comput. Phys., 19, 58, 1975.
Joshi, C., W. B. Mori, T. Katsouleas, J. M. Dawson, J. M. Kindel, and D. W. Forslund, Nature, 311, 525, 1984.
Langdon, A. B., J. Comput. Phys., 6, 247, 1970a.
Langdon, A. B., Proc. 4th Conf. on Num. Sim. of Plasmas, 1970b.
Langdon, A. B., J. Comput. Phys., 12, 247, 1973.
Langdon, A. B., and C. K. Birdsall, Phys. Fluids, 13, 2115, 1970.
Langdon, A. B., and B. F. Lasinski, Methods Comput. Phys., 16, 327, 1976.
Langdon, A. B., B. I. Cohen, and A. Friedman, J. Comput. Phys., 51, 107, 1983.
Lewis, H. R., J. Comput. Phys., 6, 126, 1970.
Lin, A. T., J. M. Dawson, and H. Okuda, Phys. Fluids, 17, 1995, 1974.
Lindman, E. L., J. Comput. Phys., 5, 13, 1970.
Mason, R. J., J. Comput. Phys., 47, 233, 1981.
Morse, R. L. and C. W. Nielson, Phys. Fluids, 12, 2418, 1969.
Morse, R. L. and C. W. Nielson, Phys. Fluids, 14, 830, 1971.
Nielson, C. W. and E. L. Lindman, Proc. 6th Conf. on Num. Sim. of Plasmas, 1972.
Okuda, H., J. Comput. Phys., 10, 475, 1972.
Quest, K. B., D. W. Forslund, J. U. Brackbill, and K. Lee, Geophys. Res. Lett., 10, 471, 1983.
Sakanaka, P. H. et al., Phys. Fluids, 14, 611, 1971.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Forslund, D.W. Fundamentals of plasma simulation. Space Sci Rev 42, 3–16 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00218219
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00218219