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The High Energy Telescope for STEREO

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Abstract

The IMPACT investigation for the STEREO Mission includes a complement of Solar Energetic Particle instruments on each of the two STEREO spacecraft. Of these instruments, the High Energy Telescopes (HETs) provide the highest energy measurements. This paper describes the HETs in detail, including the scientific objectives, the sensors, the overall mechanical and electrical design, and the on-board software. The HETs are designed to measure the abundances and energy spectra of electrons, protons, He, and heavier nuclei up to Fe in interplanetary space. For protons and He that stop in the HET, the kinetic energy range corresponds to ∼13 to 40 MeV/n. Protons that do not stop in the telescope (referred to as penetrating protons) are measured up to ∼100 MeV/n, as are penetrating He. For stopping He, the individual isotopes 3He and 4He can be distinguished. Stopping electrons are measured in the energy range ∼0.7–6 MeV.

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Abbreviations

2-D:

Two dimensional

ACE:

Advanced Composition Explorer

ACRs:

Anomalous Cosmic Rays

ADC:

Analog to Digital Converter

ApID:

Application Identifier; used to identify specific CCSDS packets

APL:

The Applied Physics Laboratory of Johns Hopkins University

Calstim:

Calibration stimulus event

Caltech:

California Institute of Technology

CCSDS:

Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems

CME:

Coronal Mass Ejection

CPU:

Central Processor Unit

CPU24:

GSFC-specific version of MISC

DAC:

Digital-to-Analog Converter

EEPROM:

Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory

EPAM:

Electron, Proton, and Alpha Monitor (on the ACE spacecraft)

ETU:

Engineering Test Unit (prototype)

FIFO:

First In First Out (event queues)

FM1:

Flight Model 1 (Ahead spacecraft)

FM2:

Flight Model 2 (Behind spacecraft)

FPGA:

Field Programmable Gate Array

GCRs:

Galactic Cosmic Rays

GEANT:

Geometry ANd Tracking toolkit for the simulation of particle instruments

GOES:

Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (NOAA)

GOR:

gated OR of binary signals

GSFC:

Goddard Space Flight Center

HET:

High Energy Telescope

HVPS:

High Voltage Power Supply

I/F:

Interface

I/O:

Input/Output

ICD:

Interface Control Document

IDPU:

Instrument Data Processing Unit

IMP-8:

Interplanetary Monitoring Platform number 8

IMPACT:

In situ Measurements of Particles and CME Transients (title of the STEREO investigation to which HET belongs)

JPL:

Jet Propulsion Laboratory

LET:

Low Energy Telescope

MISC:

Minimal Instruction Set Computer

MOC:

Mission Operations Center

MRD:

Mission Requirements Document

MSU:

Michigan State University

MSb:

Most Significant bit

NASA:

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NOAA:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NSCL:

National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory

OSO:

Orbiting Solar Observatory

PDFE:

Particle Detector Front End

PH:

Pulse Height

PHA:

Pulse Height Analyzer

PHASIC:

Pulse Height Analysis System Integrated Circuit

POC:

Payload Operations Center

PREOUT:

analog output of a PHASIC preamplifier selected by command

RNDN:

Signal that is high during the run-down of a Wilkinson pulse-height converter

SAMPEX:

Solar, Anomalous, and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer

SEPs:

Solar Energetic Particles

SEPT:

Solar Electron Proton Telescope

SEU:

Single Event Upset (flipping of a bit by a highly ionizing particle)

SIT:

Suprathermal Ion Telescope

SoHO:

Solar and Heliospheric Observatory

SRAM:

Static Random Access Memory

SSC:

STEREO Science Center

SSD:

Solid-State Detector

STEREO:

Solar–TErrestrial RElations Observatory

stim:

electronically stimulated event

TOF:

Time of Flight

UART:

Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter

UCB:

University of California at Berkeley

UK:

United Kingdom (England)

VDA:

Vacuum-Deposited Aluminum

VLSI:

Very Large Scale Integration

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA

    T. T. von Rosenvinge, D. V. Reames, R. Baker, J. Hawk, J. T. Nolan, L. Ryan, S. Shuman & K. A. Wortman

  2. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA

    R. A. Mewaldt, A. C. Cummings, W. R. Cook, A. W. Labrador & R. A. Leske

  3. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91109, USA

    M. E. Wiedenbeck

Authors
  1. T. T. von Rosenvinge
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  2. D. V. Reames
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  3. R. Baker
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  4. J. Hawk
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  5. J. T. Nolan
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  6. L. Ryan
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  7. S. Shuman
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  8. K. A. Wortman
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  9. R. A. Mewaldt
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  10. A. C. Cummings
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  11. W. R. Cook
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  12. A. W. Labrador
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  13. R. A. Leske
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  14. M. E. Wiedenbeck
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. T. von Rosenvinge.

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von Rosenvinge, T.T., Reames, D.V., Baker, R. et al. The High Energy Telescope for STEREO. Space Sci Rev 136, 391–435 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-007-9300-5

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