Abstract
Upland rice cultivars were evaluated in the greenhouse for susceptibility to the rice blast disease caused by Pyricularia grisea Sacc., on two upland soils from the Philippines previously considered to be “blast conducive” and “blast non-conducive”. Under monocyclic inoculation tests plants grown in conducive soil showed significantly greater lesion development than plants of the same cultivar grown in non-conducive soil: cultivars considered to be susceptible to the isolates used showed increased number of susceptible-type lesions; resistant cultivars showed increased number of hypersensitive resistant-type lesions. A similar effect was observed under polycyclic tests where several generations of the pathogen were allowed to develop on the test plants. Dilution of conducive soil with non-conducive soil resulted in a corresponding reduction of disease severity, although this was most pronounced on resistant cultivars. Removal of leaf epicuticular waxes (LEW) using organic solvents increased the number of resistant-type lesions on resistant cultivars grown in both soils following inoculation. Susceptible plants were not suitable for quantifying the relative blast conduciveness of a soil because of the extreme environmental sensitivity of the bioassay and the tendency of lesions to coalesce.
Comparing numbers of resistant-type lesions on leaves of plants stripped of LEW and inoculated with an incompatible P. grisea isolate among plants grown in different soils proved to be a satisfactory means of distinguishing the relative blast conduciveness of soils under controlled conditions. This method was field tested in eastern India and results corroborated farmer assessment of which soils were blast conducive. Using incompatible isolate-cultivar combinations and LEW-free leaves is proposed as a simple bioassay for assessing blast conduciveness of soils and should prove useful in regional characterization of rice blast risk.
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Singh, U.S., Zeigler, R.S. & Bonman, J.M. Reaction of incompatible isolate of Pyricularia grisea on rice leaves stripped of epicuticular wax reflects blast conduciveness of soils. Plant Soil 170, 279–286 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00010480
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00010480